Genesis 9:24

9:24 When Noah awoke from his drunken stupor ¹  he learned ²  what his youngest son had done ³  to him.

Genesis 42:20

42:20 But you must bring ⁴  your youngest brother to me. Then ⁵  your words will be verified ⁶  and you will not die.” They did as he said. ⁷ 

Genesis 44:26

44:26 But we replied, ‘We cannot go down there. ⁸  If our youngest brother is with us, then we will go, ⁹  for we won’t be permitted to see the man’s face if our youngest brother is not with us.’

Genesis 1:16

1:16 God made two great lights ¹⁰  – the greater light to rule over the day and the lesser light to rule over the night. He made the stars also. ¹¹ 

Genesis 27:15

27:15 Then Rebekah took her older son Esau’s best clothes, which she had with her in the house, and put them on her younger son Jacob.

Genesis 42:13

42:13 They replied, “Your servants are from a family of twelve brothers. ¹²  We are the sons of one man in the land of Canaan. The youngest is with our father at this time, ¹³  and one is no longer alive.” ¹⁴ 

Genesis 42:15

42:15 You will be tested in this way: As surely as Pharaoh lives, ¹⁵  you will not depart from this place unless your youngest brother comes here.

Genesis 44:2

44:2 Then put ¹⁶  my cup – the silver cup – in the mouth of the youngest one’s sack, along with the money for his grain.” He did as Joseph instructed. ¹⁷ 

Genesis 44:23

44:23 But you said to your servants, ‘If your youngest brother does not come down with you, you will not see my face again.’

Genesis 27:42

27:42 When Rebekah heard what her older son Esau had said, ¹⁸  she quickly summoned ¹⁹  her younger son Jacob and told him, “Look, your brother Esau is planning to get revenge by killing you. ²⁰ 

Genesis 42:34

42:34 But bring your youngest brother back to me so I will know ²¹  that you are honest men and not spies. ²²  Then I will give your brother back to you and you may move about freely in the land.’” ²³ 

Genesis 43:29

43:29 When Joseph looked up ²⁴  and saw his brother Benjamin, his mother’s son, he said, “Is this your youngest brother, whom you told me about?” Then he said, “May God be gracious to you, my son.” ²⁵ 

Genesis 48:19

48:19 But his father refused and said, “I know, my son, I know. He too will become a nation and he too will become great. In spite of this, his younger brother will be even greater and his descendants will become a multitude ²⁶  of nations.”

[9:24]  ¹ tn Heb “his wine,” used here by metonymy for the drunken stupor it produced.

[9:24]  ² tn Heb “he knew.”

[9:24]  ³ tn The Hebrew verb עָשָׂה (’asah, “to do”) carries too general a sense to draw the conclusion that Ham had to have done more than look on his father’s nakedness and tell his brothers.

[42:20]  ⁴ tn The imperfect here has an injunctive force.

[42:20]  ⁵ tn After the injunctive imperfect, this imperfect with vav indicates purpose or result.

[42:20]  ⁶ tn The Niphal form of the verb has the sense of “to be faithful; to be sure; to be reliable.” Joseph will test his brothers to see if their words are true.

[42:20]  ⁷ tn Heb “and they did so.”

[44:26]  ⁷ tn The direct object is not specified in the Hebrew text, but is implied; “there” is supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[44:26]  ⁸ tn Heb “go down.”

[1:16]  ¹⁰ sn Two great lights. The text goes to great length to discuss the creation of these lights, suggesting that the subject was very important to the ancients. Since these “lights” were considered deities in the ancient world, the section serves as a strong polemic (see G. Hasel, “The Polemical Nature of the Genesis Cosmology,” EvQ 46 [1974]: 81-102). The Book of Genesis is affirming they are created entities, not deities. To underscore this the text does not even give them names. If used here, the usual names for the sun and moon [Shemesh and Yarih, respectively] might have carried pagan connotations, so they are simply described as greater and lesser lights. Moreover, they serve in the capacity that God gives them, which would not be the normal function the pagans ascribed to them. They merely divide, govern, and give light in God’s creation.

[1:16]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and the stars.” Now the term “stars” is added as a third object of the verb “made.” Perhaps the language is phenomenological, meaning that the stars appeared in the sky from this time forward.

[42:13]  ¹³ tn Heb “twelve [were] your servants, brothers [are] we.”

[42:13]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “today.”

[42:13]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and the one is not.”

[42:15]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “[By] the life of Pharaoh.”

[44:2]  ¹⁹ tn The imperfect verbal form is used here to express Joseph’s instructions.

[44:2]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and he did according to the word of Joseph which he spoke.”

[27:42]  ²² tn Heb “and the words of Esau her older son were told to Rebekah.”

[27:42]  ²³ tn Heb “she sent and called for.”

[27:42]  ²⁴ tn Heb “is consoling himself with respect to you to kill you.” The only way Esau had of dealing with his anger at the moment was to plan to kill his brother after the death of Isaac.

[42:34]  ²⁵ tn After the imperative, the cohortative with prefixed vav indicates purpose/result.

[42:34]  ²⁶ tn Heb “that you are not spies, that you are honest men.”

[42:34]  ²⁷ sn Joseph’s brothers soften the news considerably, making it sound like Simeon was a guest of Joseph (Leave one of your brothers with me) instead of being bound in prison. They do not mention the threat of death and do not at this time speak of the money in the one sack.

[43:29]  ²⁸ tn Heb “and he lifted his eyes.” The referent of “he” (Joseph) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[43:29]  ²⁹ sn Joseph’s language here becomes warmer and more personal, culminating in calling Benjamin my son.

[48:19]  ³¹ tn Heb “fullness.”