Hebrews 6:4

6:4 For it is impossible in the case of those who have once been enlightened, tasted the heavenly gift, become partakers of the Holy Spirit,

Psalms 51:10

51:10 Create for me a pure heart, O God! ¹ 

Renew a resolute spirit within me! ² 

Isaiah 1:28

1:28 All rebellious sinners will be shattered, ³ 

those who abandon the Lord will perish.

Isaiah 1:2

Obedience, not Sacrifice

1:2 Listen, O heavens,

pay attention, O earth! ⁴ 

For the Lord speaks:

“I raised children, ⁵  I brought them up, ⁶ 

but ⁷  they have rebelled ⁸  against me!

Isaiah 2:1

The Future Glory of Jerusalem

2:1 Here is the message about Judah and Jerusalem ⁹  that was revealed to Isaiah son of Amoz. ¹⁰ 

[51:10]  ¹ sn The heart is viewed here as the seat of the psalmist’s motives and moral character.

[51:10]  ² tn Heb “and a reliable spirit renew in my inner being.”

[1:28]  ³ tn Heb “and [there will be] a shattering of rebels and sinners together.”

[1:2]  ⁴ sn The personified heavens and earth are summoned to God’s courtroom as witnesses against God’s covenant people. Long before this Moses warned the people that the heavens and earth would be watching their actions (see Deut 4:26; 30:19; 31:28; 32:1).

[1:2]  ⁵ tn Or “sons” (NAB, NASB).

[1:2]  ⁶ sn The normal word pair for giving birth to and raising children is יָלַד (yalad, “to give birth to”) and גָּדַל (gadal, “to grow, raise”). The pair גָּדַל and רוּם (rum, “to raise up”) probably occur here to highlight the fact that Yahweh made something important of Israel (cf. R. Mosis, TDOT 2:403).

[1:2]  ⁷ sn Against the backdrop of Yahweh’s care for his chosen people, Israel’s rebellion represents abhorrent treachery. The conjunction prefixed to a nonverbal element highlights the sad contrast between Yahweh’s compassionate care for His people and Israel’s thankless rebellion.

[1:2]  ⁸ sn To rebel carries the idea of “covenant treachery.” Although an act of פֶּשַׁע (pesha’, “rebellion”) often signifies a breach of the law, the legal offense also represents a violation of an existing covenantal relationship (E. Carpenter and M. Grisanti, NIDOTTE 3:707).

[2:1]  ⁹ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[2:1]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “the word which Isaiah son of Amoz saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem.”