Hosea 4:19

4:19 A whirlwind has wrapped them in its wings;

they will be brought to shame because of their idolatrous worship. ¹ 

Isaiah 1:29

1:29 Indeed, they ²  will be ashamed of the sacred trees

you ³  find so desirable;

you will be embarrassed because of the sacred orchards ⁴ 

where you choose to worship.

Isaiah 44:9-11

44:9 All who form idols are nothing;

the things in which they delight are worthless.

Their witnesses cannot see;

they recognize nothing, so they are put to shame.

44:10 Who forms a god and casts an idol

that will prove worthless? ⁵ 

44:11 Look, all his associates ⁶  will be put to shame;

the craftsmen are mere humans. ⁷ 

Let them all assemble and take their stand!

They will panic and be put to shame.

Isaiah 45:16

45:16 They will all be ashamed and embarrassed;

those who fashion idols will all be humiliated. ⁸ 

Jeremiah 2:26-27

2:26 Just as a thief has to suffer dishonor when he is caught,

so the people of Israel ⁹  will suffer dishonor for what they have done. ¹⁰ 

So will their kings and officials,

their priests and their prophets.

2:27 They say to a wooden idol, ¹¹  ‘You are my father.’

They say to a stone image, ‘You gave birth to me.’ ¹² 

Yes, they have turned away from me instead of turning to me. ¹³ 

Yet when they are in trouble, they say, ‘Come and save us!’

Jeremiah 2:36-37

2:36 Why do you constantly go about

changing your political allegiances? ¹⁴ 

You will get no help from Egypt

just as you got no help from Assyria. ¹⁵ 

2:37 Moreover, you will come away from Egypt

with your hands covering your faces in sorrow and shame ¹⁶ 

because the Lord will not allow your reliance on them to be successful

and you will not gain any help from them. ¹⁷ 

Jeremiah 3:24-25

3:24 From earliest times our worship of that shameful god, Baal,

has taken away ¹⁸  all that our ancestors ¹⁹  worked for.

It has taken away our flocks and our herds,

and even our sons and daughters.

3:25 Let us acknowledge ²⁰  our shame.

Let us bear the disgrace that we deserve. ²¹ 

For we have sinned against the Lord our God,

both we and our ancestors.

From earliest times to this very day

we have not obeyed the Lord our God.’

Jeremiah 48:13

48:13 The people of Moab will be disappointed by their god Chemosh.

They will be as disappointed as the people of Israel were

when they put their trust in the calf god at Bethel. ²² 

Ezekiel 36:31

36:31 Then you will remember your evil behavior ²³  and your deeds which were not good; you will loathe yourselves on account of your sins and your abominable deeds.

[4:19]  ¹ tn Heb “their altars” (so NAB, NRSV) or “their sacrifices” (so KJV, NASB, NIV). Here זִבְחוֹתָם (zivkhotam, “altars; sacrifices”) is a metonymy of association for Israel’s apostate idolatrous Baal worship.

[1:29]  ² tc The Hebrew text (and the Qumran scroll 1QIsa^a) has the third person here, though a few Hebrew mss (and Targums) read the second person, which is certainly more consistent with the following context. The third person form is the more difficult reading and probably original. This disagreement in person has caused some to emend the first verb (3rd plural) to a 2nd plural form (followed by most English translations). The BHS textual apparatus suggests that the 2nd plural form be read even though there is only sparse textual evidence. LXX, Syriac, and the Vulgate change all the 2nd person verbs in 1:29-31 to 3rd person verbs. It is likely that the change to a 2nd person form represents an attempt at syntactical harmonization (J. de Waard, Isaiah, 10). The abrupt change from 3rd person to 2nd person may have been intentional for rhetorical impact (GKC 462 §144.p). The rapid change from exclamation (they did!) to reproach (you desired!) might be regarded as a rhetorical figure focusing attention on the addressees and their conditions (de Waard, 10; E. König, Stilistik, Rhetorik, Poetik, 239). This use of the 3rd person could also be understood as an impersonal third person: “one will be ashamed” (de Waard, 10). In v. 29 the prophet continues his description of the sinners (v. 28), but then suddenly makes a transition to direct address (switching from 3^rd to 2^nd person) in the middle of his sentence.

[1:29]  ³ tn The second person pronouns in vv. 29-30 are masculine plural, indicating that the rebellious sinners (v. 28) are addressed.

[1:29]  ⁴ tn Or “gardens” (so KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); NAB “groves.”

[44:10]  ⁵ tn The rhetorical question is sarcastic. The sense is, “Who is foolish enough…?”

[44:11]  ⁶ tn The pronoun “his” probably refers to the one who forms/casts an idol (v. 10), in which case it refers to the craftsman’s associates in the idol-manufacturing guild.

[44:11]  ⁷ sn The point seems to be this: If the idols are the mere products of human hands, then those who trust in them will be disappointed, for man-made gods are incapable of helping their “creators.”

[45:16]  ⁸ tn “together they will walk in humiliation, the makers of images.”

[2:26]  ⁹ tn Heb “house of Israel.”

[2:26]  ¹⁰ tn The words “for what they have done” are implicit in the comparison and are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[2:27]  ¹¹ tn Heb “wood…stone…”

[2:27]  ¹² sn The reference to wood and stone is, of course, a pejorative reference to idols made by human hands. See the next verse where reference is made to “the gods you have made.”

[2:27]  ¹³ tn Heb “they have turned [their] backs to me, not [their] faces.”

[2:36]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “changing your way.” The translation follows the identification of the Hebrew verb here as a defective writing of a form (תֵּזְלִי [tezÿli] instead of תֵּאזְלִי [te’zÿli]) from a verb meaning “go/go about” (אָזַל [’azal]; cf. BDB 23 s.v. אָזַל). Most modern English versions, commentaries, and lexicons read it from a root meaning “to treat cheaply [or lightly]” (תָּזֵלִּי [tazelli] from the root זָלַל (zalal); cf. HALOT 261 s.v. זָלַל); hence, “Why do you consider it such a small matter to…”

[2:36]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “You will be ashamed/disappointed by Egypt, just as you were ashamed/ disappointed by Assyria.”

[2:37]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “with your hands on your head.” For the picture here see 2 Sam 13:19.

[2:37]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “The Lord has rejected those you trust in; you will not prosper by/from them.”

[3:24]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “From our youth the shameful thing has eaten up…” The shameful thing is specifically identified as Baal in Jer 11:13. Compare also the shift in certain names such as Ishbaal (“man of Baal”) to Ishbosheth (“man of shame”).

[3:24]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “fathers” (also in v. 25).

[3:25]  ²⁰ tn Heb “Let us lie down in….”

[3:25]  ²¹ tn Heb “Let us be covered with disgrace.”

[48:13]  ²² tn Heb “Moab will be ashamed because of Chemosh as the house of Israel was ashamed because of Bethel, their [source of] confidence.” The “shame” is, of course, the disappointment, disillusionment because of the lack of help from these gods in which they trusted (for this nuance of the verb see BDB 101 s.v. בּוֹשׁ Qal.2 and compare usage in Jer 2:13; Isa 20:5). Because of the parallelism, some see the reference to Bethel to be a reference to a West Semitic god worshiped by the people of Israel (see J. P. Hyatt, “Bethel [Deity],” IDB 1:390 for the arguments). However, there is no evidence in the OT that such a god was worshiped in Israel, and there is legitimate evidence that northern Israel placed its confidence in the calf god that Jeroboam set up in Bethel (cf. 1 Kgs 12:28-32; Hos 10:5; 8:5-6; Amos 7:10-17).

[36:31]  ²³ tn Heb “ways.”