Isaiah 1:24

1:24 Therefore, the sovereign Lord who commands armies, ¹ 

the powerful ruler of Israel, ²  says this:

“Ah, I will seek vengeance ³  against my adversaries,

I will take revenge against my enemies. ⁴ 

Isaiah 1:31

1:31 The powerful will be like ⁵  a thread of yarn,

their deeds like a spark;

both will burn together,

and no one will put out the fire.

Isaiah 17:12

17:12 The many nations massing together are as good as dead, ⁶ 

those who make a commotion as loud as the roaring of the sea’s waves. ⁷ 

The people making such an uproar are as good as dead, ⁸ 

those who make an uproar as loud as the roaring of powerful waves. ⁹ 

Isaiah 19:4

19:4 I will hand Egypt over to a harsh master;

a powerful king will rule over them,”

says the sovereign master, ¹⁰  the Lord who commands armies.

Isaiah 45:24

45:24 they will say about me,

“Yes, the Lord is a powerful deliverer.”’” ¹¹ 

All who are angry at him will cower before him. ¹² 

[1:24]  ¹ tn Heb “the master, the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts].” On the title “the Lord who commands armies,” see the note at v. 9.

[1:24]  ² tn Heb “the powerful [one] of Israel.”

[1:24]  ³ tn Heb “console myself” (i.e., by getting revenge); NRSV “pour out my wrath on.”

[1:24]  ⁴ sn The Lord here identifies with the oppressed and comes as their defender and vindicator.

[1:31]  ⁵ tn Heb “will become” (so NASB, NIV).

[17:12]  ⁹ tn Heb “Woe [to] the massing of the many nations.” The word הוֹי (hoy) could be translated as a simple interjection here (“ah!”), but since the following verses announce the demise of these nations, it is preferable to take הוֹי as a funeral cry. See the note on the first phrase of 1:4.

[17:12]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “like the loud noise of the seas, they make a loud noise.”

[17:12]  ¹¹ tn Heb “the uproar of the peoples.” The term הוֹי (hoy, “woe, ah”) does double duty in the parallel structure of the verse; the words “are as good as dead” are supplied in the translation to reflect this.

[17:12]  ¹² tn Heb “like the uproar of mighty waters they are in an uproar.”

[19:4]  ¹³ tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[45:24]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “‘Yes, in the Lord,’ one says about me, ‘is deliverance and strength.’”

[45:24]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “will come to him and be ashamed.”