Isaiah 1:4

1:4 ¹ The sinful nation is as good as dead, ² 

the people weighed down by evil deeds.

They are offspring who do wrong,

children ³  who do wicked things.

They have abandoned the Lord,

and rejected the Holy One of Israel. ⁴ 

They are alienated from him. ⁵ 

Isaiah 8:7

8:7 So look, the sovereign master ⁶  is bringing up against them the turbulent and mighty waters of the Euphrates River ⁷  – the king of Assyria and all his majestic power. It will reach flood stage and overflow its banks. ⁸ 

Isaiah 9:21

9:21 Manasseh fought against ⁹  Ephraim,

and Ephraim against Manasseh;

together they fought against Judah.

Despite all this, his anger does not subside,

and his hand is ready to strike again. ¹⁰ 

Isaiah 38:5

38:5 “Go and tell Hezekiah: ‘This is what the Lord God of your ancestor ¹¹  David says: “I have heard your prayer; I have seen your tears. Look, I will add fifteen years to your life,

Isaiah 51:22

51:22 This is what your sovereign master, ¹²  the Lord your God, says:

“Look, I have removed from your hand

the cup of intoxicating wine, ¹³ 

the goblet full of my anger. ¹⁴ 

You will no longer have to drink it.

Isaiah 66:20

66:20 They will bring back all your countrymen ¹⁵  from all the nations as an offering to the Lord. They will bring them ¹⁶  on horses, in chariots, in wagons, on mules, and on camels ¹⁷  to my holy hill Jerusalem,” says the Lord, “just as the Israelites bring offerings to the Lord’s temple in ritually pure containers.

[1:4]  ¹ sn Having summoned the witnesses and announced the Lord’s accusation against Israel, Isaiah mourns the nation’s impending doom. The third person references to the Lord in the second half of the verse suggest that the quotation from the Lord (cf. vv. 2-3) has concluded.

[1:4]  ² tn Heb “Woe [to the] sinful nation.” The Hebrew term הוֹי, (hoy, “woe, ah”) was used in funeral laments (see 1 Kgs 13:30; Jer 22:18; 34:5) and carries the connotation of death. In highly dramatic fashion the prophet acts out Israel’s funeral in advance, emphasizing that their demise is inevitable if they do not repent soon.

[1:4]  ³ tn Or “sons” (NASB). The prophet contrasts four terms of privilege – nation, people, offspring, children – with four terms that depict Israel’s sinful condition in Isaiah’s day – sinful, evil, wrong, wicked (see J. A. Motyer, The Prophecy of Isaiah, 43).

[1:4]  ⁴ sn Holy One of Israel is one of Isaiah’s favorite divine titles for God. It pictures the Lord as the sovereign king who rules over his covenant people and exercises moral authority over them.

[1:4]  ⁵ tn Heb “they are estranged backward.” The LXX omits this statement, which presents syntactical problems and seems to be outside the synonymous parallelistic structure of the verse.

[8:7]  ⁶ tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[8:7]  ⁷ tn Heb “the mighty and abundant waters of the river.” The referent of “the river” here, the Euphrates River, has been specified in the translation for clarity. As the immediately following words indicate, these waters symbolize the Assyrian king and his armies which will, as it were, inundate the land.

[8:7]  ⁸ tn Heb “it will go up over all its stream beds and go over all its banks.”

[9:21]  ¹¹ tn The words “fought against” are supplied in the translation both here and later in this verse for stylistic reasons.

[9:21]  ¹² tn Heb “in all this his anger is not turned, and still his hand is outstretched” (KJV and ASV both similar); NIV “his hand is still upraised.”

[38:5]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “father” (so KJV, NAB, NIV).

[51:22]  ²¹ tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[51:22]  ²² tn Heb “the cup of [= that causes] staggering” (so ASV, NAB, NRSV); NASB “the cup of reeling.”

[51:22]  ²³ tn Heb “the goblet of the cup of my anger.”

[66:20]  ²⁶ tn Heb “brothers” (so NIV); NCV “fellow Israelites.”

[66:20]  ²⁷ tn The words “they will bring them” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[66:20]  ²⁸ tn The precise meaning of this word is uncertain. Some suggest it refers to “chariots.” See HALOT 498 s.v. *כִּרְכָּרָה.