Isaiah 13:4-5

13:4 ¹ There is a loud noise on the mountains –

it sounds like a large army! ² 

There is great commotion among the kingdoms ³  –

nations are being assembled!

The Lord who commands armies is mustering

forces for battle.

13:5 They come from a distant land,

from the horizon. ⁴ 

It is the Lord with his instruments of judgment, ⁵ 

coming to destroy the whole earth. ⁶ 

Isaiah 13:17-18

13:17 Look, I am stirring up the Medes to attack them; ⁷ 

they are not concerned about silver,

nor are they interested in gold. ⁸ 

13:18 Their arrows will cut young men to ribbons; ⁹ 

they have no compassion on a person’s offspring, ¹⁰ 

they will not ¹¹  look with pity on children.

Ezekiel 30:11

30:11 He and his people with him,

the most terrifying of the nations, ¹² 

will be brought there to destroy the land.

They will draw their swords against Egypt,

and fill the land with corpses.

Ezekiel 31:12

31:12 Foreigners from the most terrifying nations have cut it down and left it to lie there on the mountains. In all the valleys its branches have fallen, and its boughs lie broken in the ravines of the land. All the peoples of the land ¹³  have departed ¹⁴  from its shade and left it.

[13:4]  ¹ sn In vv. 4-10 the prophet appears to be speaking, since the Lord is referred to in the third person. However, since the Lord refers to himself in the third person later in this chapter (see v. 13), it is possible that he speaks throughout the chapter.

[13:4]  ² tn Heb “a sound, a roar [is] on the mountains, like many people.”

[13:4]  ³ tn Heb “a sound, tumult of kingdoms.”

[13:5]  ⁴ tn Heb “from the end of the sky.”

[13:5]  ⁵ tn Or “anger”; cf. KJV, ASV “the weapons of his indignation.”

[13:5]  ⁶ tn Or perhaps, “land” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NLT). Even though the heading and subsequent context (see v. 17) indicate Babylon’s judgment is in view, the chapter has a cosmic flavor that suggests that the coming judgment is universal in scope. Perhaps Babylon’s downfall occurs in conjunction with a wider judgment, or the cosmic style is poetic hyperbole used to emphasize the magnitude and importance of the coming event.

[13:17]  ⁷ tn Heb “against them”; NLT “against Babylon.”

[13:17]  ⁸ sn They cannot be bought off, for they have a lust for bloodshed.

[13:18]  ⁹ tn Heb “and bows cut to bits young men.” “Bows” stands by metonymy for arrows.

[13:18]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “the fruit of the womb.”

[13:18]  ¹¹ tn Heb “their eye does not.” Here “eye” is a metonymy for the whole person.

[30:11]  ¹² tn The Babylonians were known for their cruelty (2 Kgs 25:7).

[31:12]  ¹³ tn Or “earth” (KJV, ASV, NASB, NIV, NRSV).

[31:12]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “gone down.”