Discovery BoxIsaiah 16:4
Context16:4 Please let the Moabite fugitives live 1 among you.
Hide them 2 from the destroyer!”
Certainly 3 the one who applies pressure will cease, 4
the destroyer will come to an end,
those who trample will disappear 5 from the earth.
Isaiah 18:5
Context18:5 For before the harvest, when the bud has sprouted,
and the ripening fruit appears, 6
he will cut off the unproductive shoots 7 with pruning knives;
he will prune the tendrils. 8
Isaiah 33:1
Context33:1 The destroyer is as good as dead, 9
you who have not been destroyed!
The deceitful one is as good as dead, 10
the one whom others have not deceived!
When you are through destroying, you will be destroyed;
when you finish 11 deceiving, others will deceive you!
[16:4] 1 tn That is, “live as resident foreigners.”
[16:4] 2 tn Heb “Be a hiding place for them.”
[16:4] 3 tn The present translation understands כִּי (ki) as asseverative, but one could take it as explanatory (“for,” KJV, NASB) or temporal (“when,” NAB, NRSV). In the latter case, v. 4b would be logically connected to v. 5.
[16:4] 4 tn A perfect verbal form is used here and in the next two lines for rhetorical effect; the demise of the oppressor(s) is described as if it had already occurred.
[16:4] 5 tc The Hebrew text has, “they will be finished, the one who tramples, from the earth.” The plural verb form תַּמּוּ, (tammu, “disappear”) could be emended to agree with the singular subject רֹמֵס (romes, “the one who tramples”) or the participle can be emended to a plural (רֹמֵסִם, romesim) to agree with the verb. The translation assumes the latter. Haplography of mem (ם) seems likely; note that the word after רֹמֵס begins with a mem.
[18:5] 6 tn Heb “and the unripe, ripening fruit is maturing.”
[18:5] 7 tn On the meaning of זַלְזַל (zalzal, “shoot [of the vine] without fruit buds”) see HALOT 272 s.v. *זַלְזַל.
[18:5] 8 tn Heb “the tendrils he will remove, he will cut off.”
[33:1] 11 tn Heb “Woe [to] the destroyer.”
[33:1] 12 tn Heb “and the deceitful one”; NAB, NIV “O traitor”; NRSV “you treacherous one.” In the parallel structure הוֹי (hoy, “woe [to]”) does double duty.
[33:1] 13 tc The form in the Hebrew text appears to derive from an otherwise unattested verb נָלָה (nalah). The translation follows the Qumran scroll 1QIsaa in reading ככלתך, a Piel infinitival form from the verbal root כָּלָה (kalah), meaning “finish.”
