Isaiah 28:6

28:6 He will give discernment to the one who makes judicial decisions,

and strength to those who defend the city from attackers. ¹ 

Isaiah 32:15

32:15 This desolation will continue until new life is poured out on us from heaven. ² 

Then the desert will become an orchard

and the orchard will be considered a forest. ³ 

Isaiah 37:7

37:7 Look, I will take control of his mind; ⁴  he will receive a report and return to his own land. I will cut him down ⁵  with a sword in his own land.”’”

Isaiah 38:16

38:16 O sovereign master, your decrees can give men life;

may years of life be restored to me. ⁶ 

Restore my health ⁷  and preserve my life.’

Isaiah 40:7

40:7 The grass dries up,

the flowers wither,

when the wind sent by the Lord ⁸  blows on them.

Surely humanity ⁹  is like grass.

Isaiah 41:16

41:16 You will winnow them and the wind will blow them away;

the wind will scatter them.

You will rejoice in the Lord;

you will boast in the Holy One of Israel.

Isaiah 63:10

63:10 But they rebelled and offended ¹⁰  his holy Spirit, ¹¹ 

so he turned into an enemy

and fought against them.

Isaiah 65:14

65:14 Look, my servants will shout for joy as happiness fills their hearts! ¹² 

But you will cry out as sorrow fills your hearts; ¹³ 

you will wail because your spirits will be crushed. ¹⁴ 

[28:6]  ¹ tn Heb “and [he will become] a spirit of justice for the one who sits [i.e., presides] over judgment, // and strength [for] the ones who turn back battle at the city gate.” The Lord will provide internal stability and national security.

[32:15]  ² tn Heb “until a spirit is emptied out on us from on high.” The words “this desolation will continue” are supplied in the translation for clarification and stylistic purposes. The verb עָרָה (’arah), used here in the Niphal, normally means “lay bare, expose.” The term רוּחַ (ruakh, “spirit”) is often understood here as a reference to the divine spirit (cf. 44:3 and NASB, NIV, CEV, NLT), but it appears here without an article (cf. NRSV “a spirit”), pronominal suffix, or a genitive (such as “of the Lord”). The translation assumes that it carries an impersonal nuance “vivacity, vigor” in this context.

[32:15]  ³ sn The same statement appears in 29:17b, where, in conjunction with the preceding line, it appears to picture a reversal. Here it seems to depict supernatural growth. The desert will blossom into an orchard, and the trees of the orchard will multiply and grow tall, becoming a forest.

[37:7]  ³ tn Heb “I will put in him a spirit.” The precise sense of רוּחַ (ruakh, “spirit”) is uncertain in this context. It may refer to a spiritual being who will take control of his mind (see 1 Kgs 22:19), or it could refer to a disposition of concern and fear. In either case the Lord’s sovereignty over the king is apparent.

[37:7]  ⁴ tn Heb “cause him to fall” (so KJV, ASV, NAB), that is, “kill him.”

[38:16]  ⁴ tn The translation offered here is purely speculative. The text as it stands is meaningless and probably corrupt. It reads literally, “O lord, on account of them [the suffix is masculine plural], they live, and to all in them [the suffix is feminine plural], life of my spirit.”

[38:16]  ⁵ tn The prefixed verbal form could be taken as indicative, “you restore my health,” but the following imperatival form suggests it be understood as an imperfect of request.

[40:7]  ⁵ tn The Hebrew text has רוּחַ יְהוָה (ruakh yehvah), which in this context probably does not refer to the Lord’s personal Spirit. The phrase is better translated “the breath of the Lord,” or “the wind of [i.e., sent by] the Lord.” The Lord’s sovereign control over nature, including the hot desert winds that dry up vegetation, is in view here (cf. Ps 147:18; Isa 59:19).

[40:7]  ⁶ tn Heb “the people” (so KJV, ASV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).

[63:10]  ⁶ tn Or “grieved, hurt the feelings of.”

[63:10]  ⁷ sn The phrase “holy Spirit” occurs in the OT only here (in v. 11 as well) and in Ps 51:11 (51:13 HT), where it is associated with the divine presence.

[65:14]  ⁷ tn Heb “from the good of the heart.”

[65:14]  ⁸ tn Heb “from the pain of the heart.”

[65:14]  ⁹ tn Heb “from the breaking of the spirit.”