Isaiah 3:4

3:4 The Lord says, ¹  “I will make youths their officials;

malicious young men ²  will rule over them.

Isaiah 22:22

22:22 I will place the key ³  to the house of David on his shoulder. When he opens the door, no one can close it; when he closes the door, no one can open it.

Isaiah 46:13

46:13 I am bringing my deliverance near, it is not far away;

I am bringing my salvation near, ⁴  it does not wait.

I will save Zion; ⁵ 

I will adorn Israel with my splendor.” ⁶ 

Isaiah 45:3

45:3 I will give you hidden treasures, ⁷ 

riches stashed away in secret places,

so you may recognize that I am the Lord,

the one who calls you by name, the God of Israel.

Isaiah 56:5

56:5 I will set up within my temple and my walls a monument ⁸ 

that will be better than sons and daughters.

I will set up a permanent monument ⁹  for them that will remain.

Isaiah 61:8

61:8 For I, the Lord, love justice

and hate robbery and sin.

I will repay them because of my faithfulness; ¹⁰ 

I will make a permanent covenant with them.

[3:4]  ¹ tn The words “the Lord says” are supplied in the translation for clarification. The prophet speaks in vv. 1-3 (note the third person reference to the Lord in v. 1), but here the Lord himself announces that he will intervene in judgment. It is unclear where the Lord’s words end and the prophet’s pick up again. The prophet is apparently speaking again by v. 8, where the Lord is referred to in the third person. Since vv. 4-7 comprise a thematic unity, the quotation probably extends through v. 7.

[3:4]  ² tn תַעֲלוּלִים (ta’alulim) is often understood as an abstract plural meaning “wantonness, cruelty” (cf. NLT). In this case the chief characteristic of these leaders is substituted for the leaders themselves. However, several translations make the parallelism tighter by emending the form to עוֹלְלִים (’olÿlim, “children”; cf. ESV, NASB, NCV, NIV, NKJV, NRSV). This emendation is unnecessary for at least two reasons. The word in the MT highlights the cruelty or malice of the “leaders” who are left behind in the wake of God’s judgment. The immediate context makes clear the fact that they are mere youths. The coming judgment will sweep away the leaders, leaving a vacuum which will be filled by incompetent, inexperienced youths.

[22:22]  ³ sn This may refer to a literal insignia worn by the chief administrator. Even so, it would still symbolize the administrator’s authority to grant or exclude access to the king. See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:422.

[46:13]  ⁵ tn Heb “my salvation.” The verb “I am bringing near” is understood by ellipsis (note the previous line).

[46:13]  ⁶ tn Heb “I will place in Zion salvation”; NASB “I will grant salvation in Zion.”

[46:13]  ⁷ tn Heb “to Israel my splendor”; KJV, ASV “for Israel my glory.”

[45:3]  ⁷ tn Heb “treasures of darkness” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV); TEV “treasures from dark, secret places.”

[56:5]  ⁹ tn Heb “a hand and a name.” For other examples where יָד (yad) refers to a monument, see HALOT 388 s.v.

[56:5]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “name” (so KJV, NIV, NRSV).

[61:8]  ¹¹ tn Heb “in faithfulness”; NASB, NRSV, NLT “faithfully.”