Isaiah 5:10

5:10 Indeed, a large vineyard ¹  will produce just a few gallons, ² 

and enough seed to yield several bushels ³  will produce less than a bushel.” ⁴ 

Isaiah 21:7

21:7 When he sees chariots,

teams of horses, ⁵ 

riders on donkeys,

riders on camels,

he must be alert,

very alert.”

Isaiah 21:9

21:9 Look what’s coming!

A charioteer,

a team of horses.” ⁶ 

When questioned, he replies, ⁷ 

“Babylon has fallen, fallen!

All the idols of her gods lie shattered on the ground!”

[5:10]  ¹ tn Heb “a ten-yoke vineyard.” The Hebrew term צֶמֶד (tsemed, “yoke”) is here a unit of square measure. Apparently a ten-yoke vineyard covered the same amount of land it would take ten teams of oxen to plow in a certain period of time. The exact size is unknown.

[5:10]  ² tn Heb “one bath.” A bath was a liquid measure. Estimates of its modern equivalent range from approximately six to twelve gallons.

[5:10]  ³ tn Heb “a homer.” A homer was a dry measure, the exact size of which is debated. Cf. NCV “ten bushels”; CEV “five bushels.”

[5:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “an ephah.” An ephah was a dry measure; there were ten ephahs in a homer. So this verse envisions major crop failure, where only one-tenth of the anticipated harvest is realized.

[21:7]  ⁵ tn Or “a pair of horsemen.”

[21:9]  ⁹ tn Or “[with] teams of horses,” or perhaps, “with a pair of horsemen.”

[21:9]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and he answered and said” (so KJV, ASV).