Isaiah 5:10

5:10 Indeed, a large vineyard ¹  will produce just a few gallons, ² 

and enough seed to yield several bushels ³  will produce less than a bushel.” ⁴ 

Isaiah 7:23

7:23 At that time ⁵  every place where there had been a thousand vines worth a thousand shekels will be overrun ⁶  with thorns and briers.

Isaiah 16:10

16:10 Joy and happiness disappear from the orchards,

and in the vineyards no one rejoices or shouts;

no one treads out juice in the wine vats ⁷  –

I have brought the joyful shouts to an end. ⁸ 

Joel 1:5

1:5 Wake up, you drunkards, ⁹  and weep!

Wail, all you wine drinkers, ¹⁰ 

because the sweet wine ¹¹  has been taken away ¹²  from you. ¹³ 

Joel 1:12-13

1:12 The vine has dried up;

the fig tree languishes –

the pomegranate, date, and apple ¹⁴  as well.

In fact, ¹⁵  all the trees of the field have dried up.

Indeed, the joy of the people ¹⁶  has dried up!

1:13 Get dressed ¹⁷  and lament, you priests!

Wail, you who minister at the altar!

Come, spend the night in sackcloth, you servants of my God,

because no one brings grain offerings or drink offerings

to the temple of your God anymore. ¹⁸ 

Haggai 2:16

2:16 From that time ¹⁹  when one came expecting a heap of twenty measures, there were only ten; when one came to the wine vat to draw out fifty measures from it, there were only twenty.

[5:10]  ¹ tn Heb “a ten-yoke vineyard.” The Hebrew term צֶמֶד (tsemed, “yoke”) is here a unit of square measure. Apparently a ten-yoke vineyard covered the same amount of land it would take ten teams of oxen to plow in a certain period of time. The exact size is unknown.

[5:10]  ² tn Heb “one bath.” A bath was a liquid measure. Estimates of its modern equivalent range from approximately six to twelve gallons.

[5:10]  ³ tn Heb “a homer.” A homer was a dry measure, the exact size of which is debated. Cf. NCV “ten bushels”; CEV “five bushels.”

[5:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “an ephah.” An ephah was a dry measure; there were ten ephahs in a homer. So this verse envisions major crop failure, where only one-tenth of the anticipated harvest is realized.

[7:23]  ⁵ tn Heb “in that day.” The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.

[7:23]  ⁶ tn Heb “will become” (so NASB); NAB “shall be turned to.”

[16:10]  ⁷ tn Heb “wine in the vats the treader does not tread.”

[16:10]  ⁸ sn The Lord appears to be the speaker here. See 15:9.

[1:5]  ⁹ sn The word drunkards has a double edge here. Those accustomed to drinking too much must now lament the unavailability of wine. It also may hint that the people in general have become religiously inebriated and are unresponsive to the Lord. They are, as it were, drunkards from a spiritual standpoint.

[1:5]  ¹⁰ sn Joel addresses the first of three groups particularly affected by the locust plague. In v. 5 he describes the effects on the drunkards, who no longer have a ready supply of intoxicating wine; in vv. 11-12 he describes the effects on the farmers, who have watched their labors come to naught because of the insect infestation; and in vv. 13-14 he describes the effects on the priests, who are no longer able to offer grain sacrifices and libations in the temple.

[1:5]  ¹¹ tn Heb “over the sweet wine, because it.” Cf. KJV, NIV, TEV, NLT “new wine.”

[1:5]  ¹² tn Heb “cut off” (so KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV); NAB “will be withheld.”

[1:5]  ¹³ tn Heb “your mouth.” This is a synecdoche of part (the mouth) for whole (the person).

[1:12]  ¹⁴ tn This Hebrew word וְתַפּוּחַ (vÿtappuakh) probably refers to the apple tree (so most English versions), but other suggestions that scholars have offered include the apricot, citron, or quince.

[1:12]  ¹⁵ tn These words are not in the Hebrew text but are supplied in the translation for clarity.

[1:12]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “the sons of man.”

[1:13]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “put on.” There is no object present in the Hebrew text, but many translations assume “sackcloth” to be the understood object of the verb “put on.” Its absence in the Hebrew text of v. 13 is probably due to metrical considerations. The meter here is 3 + 3, and that has probably influenced the prophet’s choice of words.

[1:13]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “for grain offering and drink offering are withheld from the house of your God.”

[2:16]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “from their being,” idiomatic for “from the time they were then,” or “since the time.” Cf. KJV “Since those days were.”