Isaiah 6:12

6:12 and the Lord has sent the people off to a distant place,

and the very heart of the land is completely abandoned. ¹ 

Isaiah 10:23

10:23 The sovereign master, the Lord who commands armies, is certainly ready to carry out the decreed destruction throughout the land. ² 

Isaiah 12:6

12:6 Cry out and shout for joy, O citizens of Zion,

for the Holy One of Israel ³  acts mightily ⁴  among you!”

Isaiah 16:11

16:11 So my heart constantly sighs for Moab, like the strumming of a harp, ⁵ 

my inner being sighs ⁶  for Kir Hareseth. ⁷ 

Isaiah 19:24

19:24 At that time Israel will be the third member of the group, along with Egypt and Assyria, and will be a recipient of blessing ⁸  in the earth. ⁹ 

Isaiah 25:11

25:11 Moab ¹⁰  will spread out its hands in the middle of it, ¹¹ 

just as a swimmer spreads his hands to swim;

the Lord ¹²  will bring down Moab’s ¹³  pride as it spreads its hands. ¹⁴ 

Isaiah 4:4

4:4 At that time ¹⁵  the sovereign master ¹⁶  will wash the excrement ¹⁷  from Zion’s women,

he will rinse the bloodstains from Jerusalem’s midst, ¹⁸ 

as he comes to judge

and to bring devastation. ¹⁹ 

Isaiah 5:8

Disaster is Coming

5:8 Those who accumulate houses are as good as dead, ²⁰ 

those who also accumulate landed property ²¹ 

until there is no land left, ²² 

and you are the only landowners remaining within the land. ²³ 

Isaiah 7:22

7:22 From the abundance of milk they produce, ²⁴  he will have sour milk for his meals. Indeed, everyone left in the heart of the land will eat sour milk and honey.

Isaiah 19:1

The Lord Will Judge Egypt

19:1 Here is a message about Egypt:

Look, the Lord rides on a swift-moving cloud

and approaches Egypt.

The idols of Egypt tremble before him;

the Egyptians lose their courage. ²⁵ 

Isaiah 19:3

19:3 The Egyptians will panic, ²⁶ 

and I will confuse their strategy. ²⁷ 

They will seek guidance from the idols and from the spirits of the dead,

from the pits used to conjure up underworld spirits, and from the magicians. ²⁸ 

Isaiah 19:14

19:14 The Lord has made them undiscerning; ²⁹ 

they lead Egypt astray in all she does,

so that she is like a drunk sliding around in his own vomit. ³⁰ 

Isaiah 24:13

24:13 This is what will happen throughout ³¹  the earth,

among the nations.

It will be like when they beat an olive tree,

and just a few olives are left at the end of the harvest. ³² 

Isaiah 26:9

26:9 I ³³  look for ³⁴  you during the night,

my spirit within me seeks you at dawn,

for when your judgments come upon the earth,

those who live in the world learn about justice. ³⁵ 

Isaiah 29:23

29:23 For when they see their children,

whom I will produce among them, ³⁶ 

they will honor ³⁷  my name.

They will honor the Holy One of Jacob; ³⁸ 

they will respect ³⁹  the God of Israel.

Isaiah 63:11

63:11 His people remembered the ancient times. ⁴⁰ 

Where is the one who brought them up out of the sea,

along with the shepherd of ⁴¹  his flock?

Where is the one who placed his holy Spirit among them, ⁴² 

Isaiah 5:25

5:25 So the Lord is furious ⁴³  with his people;

he lifts ⁴⁴  his hand and strikes them.

The mountains shake,

and corpses lie like manure ⁴⁵  in the middle of the streets.

Despite all this, his anger does not subside,

and his hand is ready to strike again. ⁴⁶ 

[6:12]  ¹ tn Heb “and great is the abandonment in the midst of the land.”

[10:23]  ² tn Heb “Indeed (or perhaps “for”) destruction and what is decreed the sovereign master, the Lord who commands armies, is about to accomplish in the middle of all the land.” The phrase כָלָא וְנֶחֱרָצָה (khala’ venekheratsah, “destruction and what is decreed”) is a hendiadys; the two terms express one idea, with the second qualifying the first.

[12:6]  ³ sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.

[12:6]  ⁴ tn Or “is great” (TEV). However, the context emphasizes his mighty acts of deliverance (cf. NCV), not some general or vague character quality.

[16:11]  ⁴ tn Heb “so my intestines sigh for Moab like a harp.” The word מֵעַי (me’ay, “intestines”) is used here of the seat of the emotions. English idiom requires the word “heart.” The point of the comparison to a harp is not entirely clear. Perhaps his sighs of mourning resemble a harp in sound, or his constant sighing is like the repetitive strumming of a harp.

[16:11]  ⁵ tn The verb is supplied in the translation; “sighs” in the preceding line does double duty in the parallel structure.

[16:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “Kir Heres” (so ASV, NRSV, TEV, CEV), a variant name for “Kir Hareseth” (see v. 7).

[19:24]  ⁵ tn Heb “will be a blessing” (so NCV).

[19:24]  ⁶ tn Or “land” (KJV, NAB).

[25:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Moab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:11]  ⁷ tn The antecedent of the third masculine singular pronominal suffix is probably the masculine noun מַתְבֵּן (matben, “heap of straw”) in v. 10 rather than the feminine noun מַדְמֵנָה (madmenah, “manure pile”), also in v. 10.

[25:11]  ⁸ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:11]  ⁹ tn Heb “his”; the referent (Moab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:11]  ¹⁰ tn The Hebrew text has, “he will bring down his pride along with the [?] of his hands.” The meaning of אָרְבּוֹת (’arbot), which occurs only here in the OT, is unknown. Some (see BDB 70 s.v. אָרְבָּה) translate “artifice, cleverness,” relating the form to the verbal root אָרָב (’arav, “to lie in wait, ambush”), but this requires some convoluted semantic reasoning. HALOT 83 s.v. *אָרְבָּה suggests the meaning “[nimble] movements.” The translation above, which attempts to relate the form to the preceding context, is purely speculative.

[4:4]  ⁷ tn Heb “when” (so KJV, NAB, NASB); CEV “after”; NRSV “once.”

[4:4]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonai).

[4:4]  ⁹ tn The word refers elsewhere to vomit (Isa 28:8) and fecal material (Isa 36:12). Many English versions render this somewhat euphemistically as “filth” (e.g., NAB, NIV, NRSV). Ironically in God’s sight the beautiful jewelry described earlier is nothing but vomit and feces, for it symbolizes the moral decay of the city’s residents (cf. NLT “moral filth”).

[4:4]  ¹⁰ sn See 1:21 for a related concept.

[4:4]  ¹¹ tn Heb “by a spirit of judgment and by a spirit of burning.” The precise meaning of the second half of the verse is uncertain. רוּחַ (ruakh) can be understood as “wind” in which case the passage pictures the Lord using a destructive wind as an instrument of judgment. However, this would create a mixed metaphor, for the first half of the verse uses the imagery of washing and rinsing to depict judgment. Perhaps the image would be that of a windstorm accompanied by heavy rain. רוּחַ can also mean “spirit,” in which case the verse may be referring to the Lord’s Spirit or, more likely, to a disposition that the Lord brings to the task of judgment. It is also uncertain if בָּעַר (ba’ar) here means “burning” or “sweeping away, devastating.”

[5:8]  ⁸ tn Heb “Woe [to] those who make a house touch a house.” The exclamation הוֹי (hoy, “woe, ah”) was used in funeral laments (see 1 Kgs 13:30; Jer 22:18; 34:5) and carries the connotation of death.

[5:8]  ⁹ tn Heb “[who] bring a field near a field.”

[5:8]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “until the end of the place”; NASB “until there is no more room.”

[5:8]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and you are made to dwell alone in the midst of the land.”

[7:22]  ⁹ tn The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated, see note on 2:2.

[19:1]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and the heart of Egypt melts within it.”

[19:3]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and the spirit of Egypt will be laid waste in its midst.”

[19:3]  ¹² tn The verb בָּלַע (bala’, “confuse”) is a homonym of the more common בָּלַע (bala’, “swallow”); see HALOT 135 s.v. I בלע.

[19:3]  ¹³ tn Heb “they will inquire of the idols and of the spirits of the dead and of the ritual pits and of the magicians.” Hebrew אוֹב (’ov, “ritual pit”) refers to a pit used by a magician to conjure up underworld spirits. See the note on “incantations” in 8:19.

[19:14]  ¹² tn Heb “the Lord has mixed into her midst a spirit of blindness.”

[19:14]  ¹³ tn Heb “like the going astray of a drunkard in his vomit.”

[24:13]  ¹³ tn Heb “in the midst of” (so KJV, ASV, NASB).

[24:13]  ¹⁴ sn The judgment will severely reduce the earth’s population. See v. 6.

[26:9]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “with my soul I.” This is a figure for the speaker himself (“I”).

[26:9]  ¹⁵ tn Or “long for, desire.” The speaker acknowledges that he is eager to see God come in judgment (see vv. 8, 9b).

[26:9]  ¹⁶ tn The translation understands צֶדֶק (tsedeq) in the sense of “justice,” but it is possible that it carries the nuance “righteousness,” in which case one might translate, “those who live in the world learn to live in a righteous manner” (cf. NCV).

[29:23]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “for when he sees his children, the work of my hands in his midst.”

[29:23]  ¹⁶ tn Or “treat as holy” (also in the following line); NASB, NRSV “will sanctify.”

[29:23]  ¹⁷ sn Holy One of Jacob is similar to the phrase “Holy One of Israel” common throughout Isaiah; see the sn at Isa 1:4.

[29:23]  ¹⁸ tn Or “fear,” in the sense of “stand in awe of.”

[63:11]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and he remembered the days of antiquity, Moses, his people.” The syntax of the statement is unclear. The translation assumes that “his people” is the subject of the verb “remembered.” If original, “Moses” is in apposition to “the days of antiquity,” more precisely identifying the time period referred to. However, the syntactical awkwardness suggests that “Moses” may have been an early marginal note (perhaps identifying “the shepherd of his flock” two lines later) that has worked its way into the text.

[63:11]  ¹⁷ tn The Hebrew text has a plural form, which if retained and taken as a numerical plural, would probably refer to Moses, Aaron, and the Israelite tribal leaders at the time of the Exodus. Most prefer to emend the form to the singular (רָעָה, ra’ah) and understand this as a reference just to Moses.

[63:11]  ¹⁸ sn See the note at v. 10.

[5:25]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “the anger of the Lord rages.”

[5:25]  ¹⁸ tn Or “extends”; KJV, ASV “he hath stretched forth.”

[5:25]  ¹⁹ tn Or “garbage” (NCV, CEV, NLT); NAB, NASB, NIV “refuse.”

[5:25]  ²⁰ tn Heb “in all this his anger is not turned, and still his hand is outstretched.”