Isaiah 9:14-15

9:14 So the Lord cut off Israel’s head and tail,

both the shoots and stalk ¹  in one day.

9:15 The leaders and the highly respected people ²  are the head,

the prophets who teach lies are the tail.

Isaiah 19:15

19:15 Egypt will not be able to do a thing,

head or tail, shoots and stalk. ³ 

Isaiah 7:4

7:4 Tell him, ‘Make sure you stay calm! ⁴  Don’t be afraid! Don’t be intimidated ⁵  by these two stubs of smoking logs, ⁶  or by the raging anger of Rezin, Syria, and the son of Remaliah.

[9:14]  ¹ sn The metaphor in this line is that of a reed being cut down.

[9:15]  ² tn Heb “the elder and the one lifted up with respect to the face.” For another example of the Hebrew idiom, see 2 Kgs 5:1.

[19:15]  ³ tn Heb “And there will not be for Egypt a deed, which head and tail, shoot and stalk can do.” In 9:14-15 the phrase “head or tail” refers to leaders and prophets, respectively. This interpretation makes good sense in this context, where both leaders and advisers (probably including prophets and diviners) are mentioned (vv. 11-14). Here, as in 9:14, “shoots and stalk” picture a reed, which symbolizes the leadership of the nation in its entirety.

[7:4]  ⁴ tn Heb “guard yourself and be quiet,” but the two verbs should be coordinated.

[7:4]  ⁵ tn Heb “and let not your heart be weak”; ASV “neither let thy heart be faint.”

[7:4]  ⁶ sn The derogatory metaphor indicates that the power of Rezin and Pekah is ready to die out.