Judges 1:16

1:16 Now the descendants of the Kenite, Moses’ father-in-law, went up with the people of Judah from the City of Date Palm Trees to Arad in the desert of Judah, ¹  located in the Negev. ²  They went and lived with the people of Judah. ³ 

Judges 4:3

4:3 The Israelites cried out for help to the Lord, because Sisera ⁴  had nine hundred chariots with iron-rimmed wheels, ⁵  and he cruelly ⁶  oppressed the Israelites for twenty years.

Judges 9:5

9:5 He went to his father’s home in Ophrah and murdered his half-brothers, ⁷  the seventy legitimate ⁸  sons of Jerub-Baal, on one stone. Only Jotham, Jerub-Baal’s youngest son, escaped, ⁹  because he hid.

Judges 9:18

9:18 But you have attacked ¹⁰  my father’s family ¹¹  today. You murdered his seventy legitimate ¹²  sons on one stone and made Abimelech, the son of his female slave, king over the leaders of Shechem, just because he is your close relative. ¹³ 

Judges 9:28

9:28 Gaal son of Ebed said, “Who is Abimelech and who is Shechem, that we should serve him? Is he not the son of Jerub-Baal, and is not Zebul the deputy he appointed? ¹⁴  Serve the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem! But why should we serve Abimelech? ¹⁵ 

Judges 10:8

10:8 They ruthlessly oppressed ¹⁶  the Israelites that eighteenth year ¹⁷  – that is, all the Israelites living east of the Jordan in Amorite country in Gilead.

Judges 11:27

11:27 I have not done you wrong, ¹⁸  but you are doing wrong ¹⁹  by attacking me. May the Lord, the Judge, judge this day between the Israelites and the Ammonites!’”

Judges 11:33

11:33 He defeated them from Aroer all the way to Minnith – twenty cities in all, even as far as Abel Keramim! He wiped them out! ²⁰  The Israelites humiliated the Ammonites. ²¹ 

Judges 12:9

12:9 He had thirty sons. He arranged for thirty of his daughters to be married outside his extended family, ²²  and he arranged for thirty young women to be brought from outside as wives for his sons. ²³  Ibzan ²⁴  led ²⁵  Israel for seven years;

Judges 18:2

18:2 The Danites sent out from their whole tribe five representatives, ²⁶  capable men ²⁷  from Zorah and Eshtaol, to spy out the land and explore it. They said to them, “Go, explore the land.” They came to the Ephraimite hill country and spent the night at Micah’s house. ²⁸ 

Judges 20:13

20:13 Now, hand over the good-for-nothings ²⁹  in Gibeah so we can execute them and purge Israel of wickedness.” ³⁰  But the Benjaminites refused to listen to their Israelite brothers.

Judges 20:18

20:18 The Israelites went up to Bethel ³¹  and asked God, ³²  “Who should lead the charge against the Benjaminites?” ³³  The Lord said, “Judah should lead.”

Judges 20:23

20:23 The Israelites went up and wept before the Lord until evening. They asked the Lord, “Should we ³⁴  again march out to fight ³⁵  the Benjaminites, our brothers?” ³⁶  The Lord said, “Attack them!” ³⁷ 

[1:16]  ¹ tc Part of the Greek ms tradition lacks the words “of Judah.”

[1:16]  ² tn Heb “[to] the Desert of Judah in the Negev, Arad.”

[1:16]  ³ tn The phrase “of Judah” is supplied here in the translation. Some ancient textual witnesses read, “They went and lived with the Amalekites.” This reading, however, is probably influenced by 1 Sam 15:6 (see also Num 24:20-21).

[4:3]  ⁴ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Sisera) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[4:3]  ⁵ tn Regarding the translation “chariots with iron-rimmed wheels,” see Y. Yadin, The Art of Warfare in Biblical Lands, 255, and the article by R. Drews, “The ‘Chariots of Iron’ of Joshua and Judges,” JSOT 45 (1989): 15-23.

[4:3]  ⁶ tn Heb “with strength.”

[9:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “his brothers.”

[9:5]  ⁸ tn The word “legitimate” is not in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for clarification.

[9:5]  ⁹ tn Heb “remained.”

[9:18]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “have risen up against.”

[9:18]  ¹¹ tn Heb “house.”

[9:18]  ¹² tn The word “legitimate” is not in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for clarification.

[9:18]  ¹³ tn Heb “your brother.”

[9:28]  ¹³ tn Heb “and Zebul his appointee.”

[9:28]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “him”; the referent (Abimelech) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[10:8]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “shattered and crushed.” The repetition of similar sounding synonyms (רָעַץ [ra’ats] and רָצַץ [ratsats]) is for emphasis; רָצַץ appears in the Polel, adding further emphasis to the affirmation.

[10:8]  ¹⁷ tn The phrase שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה (shemoneh ’esreh shanah) could be translated “eighteen years,” but this would be difficult after the reference to “that year.” It is possible that v. 8b is parenthetical, referring to an eighteen year long period of oppression east of the Jordan which culminated in hostilities against all Israel (including Judah, see v. 9) in the eighteenth year. It is simpler to translate the phrase as an ordinal number, though the context does not provide the point of reference. (See Gen 14:4-5 and R. G. Boling, Judges [AB], 191-92.) In this case, the following statement specifies which “Israelites” are in view.

[11:27]  ¹⁹ tn Or “sinned against you.”

[11:27]  ²⁰ tn Or “evil.”

[11:33]  ²² tn Heb “with a very great slaughter.”

[11:33]  ²³ tn Heb “The Ammonites were humbled before the Israelites.”

[12:9]  ²⁵ tn Heb “thirty daughters he sent off outside.” Another option is to translate, “He arranged for his thirty daughters…” It is not clear if he had more than the “thirty daughters” mentioned in the text.

[12:9]  ²⁶ tn Heb “and thirty daughters he brought for his sons from the outside.”

[12:9]  ²⁷ tn Heb “He”; the referent (Ibzan) has been specified in the translation for clarity and for English stylistic reasons.

[12:9]  ²⁸ tn Traditionally, “judged.”

[18:2]  ²⁸ tn Heb “The Danites sent from their tribe five men, from their borders.”

[18:2]  ²⁹ tn Heb “men, sons of strength.”

[18:2]  ³⁰ tn Heb “They came to the Ephraimite hill country, to Micah’s house, and spent the night there.”

[20:13]  ³¹ tn Heb “the men, sons of wickedness.”

[20:13]  ³² tn Heb “and burn away wickedness from Israel.”

[20:18]  ³⁴ map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.

[20:18]  ³⁵ tn Heb “They arose and went up to Bethel and asked God, and the Israelites said.”

[20:18]  ³⁶ tn Heb “Who should go up for us first for battle against the sons of Benjamin?”

[20:23]  ³⁷ tn Heb “I” (collective singular).

[20:23]  ³⁸ tn Heb “approach for battle.”

[20:23]  ³⁹ tn Heb “my brother” (collective singular).

[20:23]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “Go up against him” (collective singular).