Judges 3:23

3:23 As Ehud went out into the vestibule, ¹  he closed the doors of the upper room behind him and locked them.

Judges 9:39

9:39 So Gaal led the leaders of Shechem out ²  and fought Abimelech.

Judges 9:42

9:42 The next day the Shechemites ³  came out to the field. When Abimelech heard about it, ⁴ 

Judges 3:22

3:22 The handle went in after the blade, and the fat closed around the blade, for Ehud ⁵  did not pull the sword out of his belly. ⁶ 

Judges 9:35

9:35 When Gaal son of Ebed came out and stood at the entrance to the city’s gate, Abimelech and his men got up from their hiding places.

Judges 19:27

19:27 When her master ⁷  got up in the morning, opened the doors of the house, and went outside to start on his journey, there was the woman, his concubine, sprawled out on the doorstep of the house with her hands on the threshold.

Judges 20:20

20:20 The men of Israel marched out to fight Benjamin; they ⁸  arranged their battle lines against Gibeah.

Judges 3:10

3:10 The Lord’s spirit empowered him ⁹  and he led Israel. When he went to do battle, the Lord handed over to him King Cushan-Rishathaim of Aram and he overpowered him. ¹⁰ 

Judges 19:23

19:23 The man who owned the house went outside and said to them, “No, my brothers! Don’t do this wicked thing! After all, this man is a guest in my house. Don’t do such a disgraceful thing!

Judges 19:25

19:25 The men refused to listen to him, so the Levite ¹¹  grabbed his concubine and made her go outside. ¹²  They raped ¹³  her and abused her all night long until morning. They let her go at dawn.

Judges 20:25

20:25 The Benjaminites again attacked them from Gibeah and struck down eighteen thousand sword-wielding Israelite soldiers. ¹⁴ 

[3:23]  ¹ tn Again the precise meaning of the Hebrew word, used only here in the OT, is uncertain. Since it is preceded by the verb “went out” and the next clause refers to Ehud closing doors, the noun is probably an architectural term referring to the room (perhaps a vestibule; see HALOT 604 s.v. מִסְדְּרוֹן) immediately outside the king’s upper chamber. As v. 24 indicates, this vestibule separated the upper room from an outer room where the king's servants were waiting.

[9:39]  ² tn Heb “So Gaal went out before the leaders of Shechem.”

[9:42]  ³ tn Heb “the people”; the referent (the Shechemites) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[9:42]  ⁴ tn Heb “And they told Abimelech.”

[3:22]  ⁴ tn Heb “he”; the referent (Ehud) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[3:22]  ⁵ tn The Hebrew text has “and he went out to the [?].” The meaning of the Hebrew word פַּרְשְׁדֹנָה (parshÿdonah) which occurs only here in the OT, is uncertain. The noun has the article prefixed and directive suffix. The word may be a technical architectural term, indicating the area into which Ehud moved as he left the king and began his escape. In this case Ehud is the subject of the verb “went out.” The present translation omits the clause, understanding it as an ancient variant of the first clause in v. 23. Some take the noun as “back,” understand “sword” (from the preceding clause) as the subject, and translate “the sword came out his [i.e., Eglon’s] back.” But this rendering is unlikely since the Hebrew word for “sword” (חֶרֶב, kherev) is feminine and the verb form translated “came out” (וַיֵּצֵא, vayyetse’) is masculine. (One expects agreement in gender when the subject is supplied from the preceding clause. See Ezek 33:4, 6.) See B. Lindars, Judges 1-5, 146-48, for discussion of the options.

[19:27]  ⁵ tn The Hebrew term here translated “master,” is plural. The plural indicates degree here and emphasizes the Levite’s absolute sovereignty over the woman.

[20:20]  ⁶ tn Heb “the men of Israel.” The noun phrase has been replaced by the pronoun (“they”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[3:10]  ⁷ tn Heb “was on him.”

[3:10]  ⁸ tn Heb “his hand was strong against Cushan-Rishathaim.”

[19:25]  ⁸ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Levite) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[19:25]  ⁹ tn Heb “and he caused [her] to go outside to them.”

[19:25]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “knew,” in the sexual sense.

[20:25]  ⁹ tn Heb “And Benjamin went out to meet them from Gibeah the second day, and they struck down among the sons of Israel eighteen thousand men to the ground, all of these were wielding the sword.”