Jeremiah 23:28-32

23:28 Let the prophet who has had a dream go ahead and tell his dream. Let the person who has received my message report that message faithfully. What is like straw cannot compare to what is like grain! ¹  I, the Lord, affirm it! ²  23:29 My message is like a fire that purges dross! ³  It is like a hammer that breaks a rock in pieces! ⁴  I, the Lord, so affirm it! ⁵  23:30 So I, the Lord, affirm ⁶  that I am opposed to those prophets who steal messages from one another that they claim are from me. ⁷  23:31 I, the Lord, affirm ⁸  that I am opposed to those prophets who are using their own tongues to declare, ‘The Lord declares….’ ⁹  23:32 I, the Lord, affirm ¹⁰  that I am opposed to those prophets who dream up lies and report them. They are misleading my people with their reckless lies. ¹¹  I did not send them. I did not commission them. They are not helping these people at all. ¹²  I, the Lord, affirm it!” ¹³ 

[23:28]  ¹ tn Heb “What to the straw with [in comparison with] the grain?” This idiom represents an emphatic repudiation or denial of relationship. See, for example, the usage in 2 Sam 16:10 and note BDB 553 s.v. מָה 1.d(c).

[23:28]  ² tn Heb “Oracle of the Lord.”

[23:29]  ³ tn Heb “Is not my message like a fire?” The rhetorical question expects a positive answer that is made explicit in the translation. The words “that purges dross” are not in the text but are implicit to the metaphor. They are supplied in the translation for clarity.

[23:29]  ⁴ tn Heb “Is it not like a hammer that breaks a rock in pieces?” See preceding note.

[23:29]  ⁵ tn Heb “Oracle of the Lord.”

[23:30]  ⁶ tn Heb “Oracle of the Lord.”

[23:30]  ⁷ tn Heb “who are stealing my words from one another.” However, context shows that it is their own word which they claim is from the Lord (cf. next verse).

[23:31]  ⁸ tn Heb “Oracle of the Lord.”

[23:31]  ⁹ tn The word “The Lord” is not actually in the text but is implicit in the idiom. It is generally supplied in all the English versions.

[23:32]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “Oracle of the Lord.”

[23:32]  ¹¹ tn Heb “with their lies and their recklessness.” This is an example of hendiadys where two nouns (in this case a concrete and an abstract one) are joined by “and” but one is intended to be the adjectival modifier of the other.

[23:32]  ¹² sn In the light of what has been said this is a rhetorical understatement; they are not only “not helping,” they are leading them to their doom (cf. vv. 19-22). This figure of speech is known as litotes.

[23:32]  ¹³ tn Heb “Oracle of the Lord.”