Discovery BoxJoshua 1:10
Context1:10 Joshua instructed 1 the leaders of the people:
Joshua 1:1
Context1:1 After Moses the Lord’s servant died, the Lord said to Joshua son of Nun, Moses’ assistant:
Joshua 2:1--3:17
Context2:1 Joshua son of Nun sent two spies out from Shittim secretly and instructed them: 2 “Find out what you can about the land, especially Jericho.” 3 They stopped at the house of a prostitute named Rahab and spent the night there. 4 2:2 The king of Jericho received this report: “Note well! 5 Israelite men have come here tonight 6 to spy on the land.” 2:3 So the king of Jericho sent this order to Rahab: 7 “Turn over 8 the men who came to you 9 – the ones who came to your house 10 – for they have come to spy on the whole land!” 2:4 But the woman hid the two men 11 and replied, “Yes, these men were clients of mine, 12 but I didn’t know where they came from. 2:5 When it was time to shut the city gate for the night, the men left. 13 I don’t know where they were heading. Chase after them quickly, for you have time to catch them!” 2:6 (Now she had taken them up to the roof and had hidden them in the stalks of flax she had spread out 14 on the roof.) 2:7 Meanwhile 15 the king’s men tried to find them on the road to the Jordan River 16 near the fords. 17 The city gate was shut as soon as they set out in pursuit of them. 18
2:8 Now before the spies 19 went to sleep, Rahab 20 went up 21 to the roof. 2:9 She said to the men, “I know the Lord is handing this land over to you. 22 We are absolutely terrified of you, 23 and all who live in the land are cringing before 24 you. 25 2:10 For we heard how the Lord dried up the water of the Red Sea before you when you left Egypt and how you annihilated the two Amorite kings, Sihon and Og, on the other side of the Jordan. 26 2:11 When we heard the news we lost our courage and no one could even breathe for fear of you. 27 For the Lord your God is God in heaven above and on earth below! 2:12 So now, promise me this with an oath sworn in the Lord’s name. 28 Because I have shown allegiance to you, show allegiance to my family. 29 Give me a solemn pledge 30 2:13 that you will spare the lives of my father, mother, brothers, sisters, and all who belong to them, and rescue us 31 from death.” 2:14 The men said to her, “If you 32 die, may we die too! 33 If you do not report what we’ve been up to, 34 then, when the Lord hands the land over to us, we will show unswerving allegiance 35 to you.” 36
2:15 Then Rahab 37 let them down by a rope 38 through the window. (Her 39 house was built as part of the city wall; she lived in the wall.) 40 2:16 She told them, “Head 41 to the hill country, so the ones chasing you don’t find you. 42 Hide from them there for three days, long enough for those chasing you 43 to return. Then you can be on your way.” 2:17 The men said to her, “We are not bound by this oath you made us swear unless the following conditions are met: 44 2:18 When we invade the land 45 , tie this red rope 46 in the window through which you let us down, and gather together in your house your father, mother, brothers, and all who live in your father’s house. 47 2:19 Anyone who leaves your house will be responsible for his own death – we are innocent in that case! 48 But if anyone with you in the house is harmed, we will be responsible. 49 2:20 If you should report what we’ve been up to, 50 we are not bound by this oath you made us swear.” 2:21 She said, “I agree to these conditions.” 51 She sent them on their way 52 and then tied the red rope in the window. 2:22 They went 53 to the hill country and stayed there for three days, long enough for those chasing them 54 to return. Their pursuers 55 looked all along the way but did not find them. 56 2:23 Then the two men returned – they came down from the hills, crossed the river, 57 came to Joshua son of Nun, and reported to him all they had discovered. 2:24 They told Joshua, “Surely the Lord is handing over all the land to us! 58 All who live in the land are cringing before us!” 59
3:1 Bright and early the next morning Joshua and the Israelites left Shittim and came to the Jordan. 60 They camped there before crossing the river. 61 3:2 After three days the leaders went through the camp 3:3 and commanded the people: “When you see the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God 62 being carried by the Levitical priests, you must leave here 63 and walk 64 behind it. 3:4 But stay about three thousand feet behind it. 65 Keep your distance 66 so you can see 67 which way you should go, for you have not traveled this way before.”
3:5 Joshua told the people, “Ritually consecrate yourselves, for tomorrow the Lord will perform miraculous deeds among you.” 3:6 Joshua told the priests, “Pick up the ark of the covenant and pass on ahead of the people.” So they picked up the ark of the covenant and went ahead of the people.
3:7 The Lord told Joshua, “This very day I will begin to honor you before all Israel 68 so they will know that I am with you just as I was with Moses. 3:8 Instruct the priests carrying the ark of the covenant, ‘When you reach the bank of the Jordan River, 69 wade into the water.’” 70
3:9 Joshua told the Israelites, “Come here and listen to the words of the Lord your God!” 3:10 Joshua continued, 71 “This is how you will know the living God is among you and that he will truly drive out before you the Canaanites, Hittites, Hivites, Perizzites, Girgashites, Amorites, and Jebusites. 3:11 Look! The ark of the covenant of the Ruler 72 of the whole earth is ready to enter the Jordan ahead of you. 3:12 Now select for yourselves twelve men from the tribes of Israel, one per tribe. 3:13 When the feet 73 of the priests carrying the ark of the Lord, the Ruler 74 of the whole earth, touch 75 the water of the Jordan, the water coming downstream toward you will stop flowing and pile up.” 76
3:14 So when the people left their tents to cross the Jordan, the priests carrying the ark of the covenant went 77 ahead of them. 3:15 When the ones carrying the ark reached the Jordan and the feet of the priests carrying the ark touched the surface 78 of the water – (the Jordan is at flood stage all during harvest time) 79 – 3:16 the water coming downstream toward them stopped flowing. 80 It piled up far upstream 81 at Adam (the city near Zarethan); there was no water at all flowing to the sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea). 82 The people crossed the river opposite Jericho. 83 3:17 The priests carrying the ark of the covenant of the Lord stood firmly on dry ground in the middle of the Jordan. All Israel crossed over on dry ground until the entire nation was on the other side. 84
[2:1] 2 tn Heb “Joshua, son of Nun, sent from Shittim two men, spies, secretly, saying.”
[2:1] 3 tn Heb “go, see the land, and Jericho.”
[2:1] 4 tn Heb “they went and entered the house of a woman, a prostitute, and her name was Rahab, and they slept there.”
[2:2] 4 tn Heb “men have come here tonight from the sons of Israel.”
[2:3] 4 tn Heb “and the king of Jericho sent to Rahab, saying.”
[2:3] 6 tn The idiom “come to” (בוֹא אֶל, bo’ ’el) probably has sexual connotations here, as it often does elsewhere when a man “comes to” a woman. If so, the phrase could be translated “your clients.” The instructions reflect Rahab’s perspective as to the identity of the men.
[2:3] 7 tn The words “the ones who came to your house” (Heb “who came to your house”) may be a euphemistic scribal addition designed to blur the sexual connotation of the preceding words.
[2:4] 5 tn Heb “The woman took the two men and hid him.” The third masculine singular pronominal suffix on “hid” has to be a scribal error (see GKC §135.p).
[2:4] 6 tn Heb “the men came to me.” See the note on this phrase in v. 3.
[2:5] 6 tn Heb “And the gate was to be shut in the darkness and the men went out.”
[2:6] 7 tn Heb “arranged in rows by her.”
[2:7] 8 tn Another way to translate vv. 6-7 would be, “While she took them up to the roof and hid them…, the king’s men tried to find them….” Both of the main clauses have the subject prior to the predicate, perhaps indicating simultaneous action. (On the grammatical point, see R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 42, §235.) In this case Rahab moves the Israelite spies from the hiding place referred to in v. 4 to a safer and less accessible hiding place.
[2:7] 9 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but is supplied for clarity.
[2:7] 10 tn Heb “And the men chased after them [on] the road [leading to] the Jordan to the fords.” The text is written from the perspective of the king’s men. As far as they were concerned, they were chasing the spies.
[2:7] 11 tn Heb “And they shut the gate after – as soon as the ones chasing after them went out.” The expressions “after” and “as soon as” may represent a conflation of alternate readings.
[2:8] 10 tn Heb “she”; the referent (Rahab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[2:8] 11 tn The Hebrew text adds, “to them.” This is somewhat redundant in English and has not been translated.
[2:9] 10 tn Heb “has given the land to you.” Rahab’s statement uses the Hebrew perfect, suggesting certitude.
[2:9] 11 tn Heb “terror of you has fallen upon us.”
[2:9] 12 tn Or “melting away because of.”
[2:9] 13 tn Both of these statements are actually subordinated to “I know” in the Hebrew text, which reads, “I know that the
[2:10] 11 tn Heb “and what you did to the two Amorite kings who were beyond the Jordan, Sihon and Og, how you annihilated them.”
[2:11] 12 tn Heb “And we heard and our heart[s] melted and there remained no longer breath in a man because of you.”
[2:12] 13 tn Heb “Now, swear to me by the
[2:12] 14 tn Heb “with the house of my father.”
[2:12] 15 tn Heb “true sign,” that is, “an inviolable token or pledge.”
[2:14] 15 tn The second person pronoun is masculine plural, indicating that Rahab’s entire family is in view.
[2:14] 16 tn Heb “Our lives in return for you to die.” If the lives of Rahab’s family are not spared, then the spies will pay for the broken vow with their own lives.
[2:14] 17 tn Heb “If you do not report this matter of ours.”
[2:14] 18 tn Heb “allegiance and faithfulness.” These virtual synonyms are joined in the translation as “unswerving allegiance” to emphasize the degree of promised loyalty.
[2:14] 19 tn The second person pronoun is feminine singular, referring specifically to Rahab.
[2:15] 16 tn Heb “she”; the referent (Rahab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[2:15] 17 tc The phrase “by a rope” is omitted in the LXX. It may be a later clarifying addition. If original, the omission in the LXX is likely due to an error of homoioarcton. A scribe’s or translator’s eye could have jumped from the initial ב (bet) in the phrase בַּחֶבֶל (bakhevel, “with a rope”) to the initial ב on the immediately following בְּעַד (bÿ’ad, “through”) and accidentally omitted the intervening letters.
[2:15] 18 tn Heb “For her house.”
[2:15] 19 tc These explanatory statements are omitted in the LXX and probably represent a later scribal addition.
[2:16] 18 tn Heb “so that the pursuers might not meet you.”
[2:16] 19 tn Heb “the pursuers.” The object (“you”) is not in the Hebrew text but is implied.
[2:17] 18 tn Heb “We are free from this oath of yours which you made us swear.” The words “unless the following conditions are met” are not in the Hebrew text, but are added for clarification.
[2:18] 19 tn Heb “Look! We are about to enter the land.”
[2:18] 20 tn Heb “the cord of this red thread.”
[2:18] 21 tn Heb “and your father and your mother and your brothers and all the house of your father gather to yourself to the house.”
[2:19] 20 tn Heb “Anyone who goes out from the doors of your house to the outside, his blood is on his head. We are innocent.”
[2:19] 21 tn Heb “But anyone who is with you in the house, his blood is on our head if a hand should be on him.”
[2:20] 21 tn Heb “and if you report this matter of ours.”
[2:21] 22 tn Heb “According to your words, so it [will be].”
[2:21] 23 tn Heb “she sent them away and they went.”
[2:22] 23 tn Heb “they went and came.”
[2:22] 24 tn Heb “the pursuers.” The object (“them”) is added for clarification.
[2:22] 25 tn Heb “the ones chasing them.” This has been rendered as “their pursuers” in the translation to avoid redundancy with the preceding clause.
[2:22] 26 tn Heb “The pursuers looked in all the way and did not find [them].”
[2:23] 24 tn The words “the river,” though not in the Hebrew text, are added for clarification.
[2:24] 25 tn Heb “Surely the
[2:24] 26 tn Heb “are melting away because of us.”
[3:1] 26 tn Heb “And Joshua arose early in the morning and he and the Israelites left Shittim and came to the Jordan.”
[3:1] 27 tn The words “the river,” though not in the Hebrew text, have been supplied in the translation for clarity.
[3:3] 27 sn The ark of the covenant refers to the wooden chest that symbolized God’s presence among his covenant people.
[3:3] 28 tn Heb “set out from your place.”
[3:4] 28 tn Heb “But there should be a distance between you and it, about two thousand cubits in measurement.”
[3:4] 29 tn Heb “do not approach it.”
[3:7] 29 tn Or more literally, “to exalt you in the eyes of all Israel.”
[3:8] 30 tn Heb “the edge of the waters of the Jordan.” The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied for clarity.
[3:8] 31 tn Heb “stand in the Jordan.” Here the repetition of the word “Jordan” would be redundant according to contemporary English style, so it was not included in the translation.
[3:11] 32 tn Or “Lord”; or “Master.”
[3:13] 33 tn Heb “the soles of the feet.”
[3:13] 34 tn Or “Lord”; or “Master.”
[3:13] 36 tn Heb “the waters of the Jordan, the waters descending from above, will be cut off so that they will stand in one pile.”
[3:14] 34 tn The verb, though not in the Hebrew, is added for clarification.
[3:15] 35 tn Heb “dipped into the edge.”
[3:15] 36 tn Heb “and the Jordan overflows all its banks all the days of harvest.”
[3:16] 36 tn Heb “the waters descending from above stood still.”
[3:16] 37 tn Heb “they stood in one pile very far away.”
[3:16] 38 tn Heb “the [waters] descending toward the sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea) were completely cut off.”
[3:16] 39 map For the location of Jericho see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[3:17] 37 tn Heb “and all Israel was crossing over on dry ground until all the nation had finished crossing the Jordan.”
