Discovery BoxJoshua 14:1-15
Context14:1 The following is a record of the territory assigned to the Israelites in the land of Canaan by Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the Israelite tribal leaders. 1 14:2 The land assignments to the nine-and-a-half tribes were made by drawing lots, as the Lord had instructed Moses. 2 14:3 Now Moses had assigned land 3 to the two-and-a-half tribes east of the Jordan, but he assigned no land 4 to the Levites. 5 14:4 The descendants of Joseph were considered as two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim. The Levites were allotted no territory, though they were assigned cities in which to live, along with the grazing areas for their cattle and possessions. 6 14:5 The Israelites followed the Lord’s instructions to Moses and divided up the land. 7
14:6 The men of Judah approached Joshua in Gilgal, and Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite said to him, “You know what the Lord said about you and me to Moses, the man of God, at Kadesh Barnea. 8 14:7 I was forty years old when Moses, the Lord’s servant, sent me from Kadesh Barnea to spy on the land and I brought back to him an honest report. 9 14:8 My countrymen 10 who accompanied 11 me frightened the people, 12 but I remained loyal to the Lord my God. 13 14:9 That day Moses made this solemn promise: 14 ‘Surely the land on which you walked 15 will belong to you and your descendants permanently, 16 for you remained loyal to the Lord your God.’ 14:10 So now, look, the Lord has preserved my life, just as he promised, these past forty-five years since the Lord spoke these words to Moses, during which Israel traveled through the wilderness. Now look, I am today eighty-five years old. 14:11 Today I am still as strong as when Moses sent me out. I can fight and go about my daily activities with the same energy I had then. 17 14:12 Now, assign me this hill country which the Lord promised me at that time! No doubt you heard at that time that the Anakites live there in large, fortified cities. 18 But, assuming the Lord is with me, I will conquer 19 them, as the Lord promised.” 14:13 Joshua asked God to empower Caleb son of Jephunneh and assigned him Hebron. 20 14:14 So Hebron remains the assigned land of Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite to this very day 21 because he remained loyal to the Lord God of Israel. 14:15 (Hebron used to be called Kiriath Arba. Arba was a famous Anakite. 22 ) Then the land was free of war.
Joshua 14:1
Context14:1 The following is a record of the territory assigned to the Israelites in the land of Canaan by Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the Israelite tribal leaders. 23
Joshua 1:1-18
Context1:1 After Moses the Lord’s servant died, the Lord said to Joshua son of Nun, Moses’ assistant: 1:2 “Moses my servant is dead. Get ready! 24 Cross the Jordan River! 25 Lead these people into the land which I am ready to hand over to them. 26 1:3 I am handing over to you every place you set foot, as I promised Moses. 27 1:4 Your territory will extend from the wilderness in the south to Lebanon in the north. It will extend all the way to the great River Euphrates in the east (including all of Syria) 28 and all the way to the Mediterranean Sea 29 in the west. 30 1:5 No one will be able to resist you 31 all the days of your life. As I was with Moses, so I will be with you. I will not abandon you or leave you alone. 1:6 Be strong and brave! You must lead these people in the conquest of this land that I solemnly promised their ancestors I would hand over to them. 32 1:7 Make sure you are 33 very strong and brave! Carefully obey 34 all the law my servant Moses charged you to keep! 35 Do not swerve from it to the right or to the left, so that you may be successful 36 in all you do. 37 1:8 This law scroll must not leave your lips! 38 You must memorize it 39 day and night so you can carefully obey 40 all that is written in it. Then you will prosper 41 and be successful. 42 1:9 I repeat, 43 be strong and brave! Don’t be afraid and don’t panic, 44 for I, the Lord your God, am with you in all you do.” 45
1:10 Joshua instructed 46 the leaders of the people: 1:11 “Go through the camp and command the people, ‘Prepare your supplies, for within three days you will cross the Jordan River and begin the conquest of the land the Lord your God is ready to hand over to you.’” 47
1:12 Joshua told the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh: 1:13 “Remember what Moses the Lord’s servant commanded you. 48 The Lord your God is giving you a place to settle and is handing this land over to you. 49 1:14 Your wives, children and cattle may stay in the land that Moses assigned to you east of the Jordan River. But all you warriors must cross over armed for battle ahead of your brothers. 50 You must help them 1:15 until the Lord gives your brothers a place like yours to settle and they conquer the land the Lord your God is ready to hand over to them. Then you may go back to your allotted land and occupy the land Moses the Lord’s servant assigned you east of the Jordan.” 51
1:16 They told Joshua, “We will do everything you say. We will go wherever you send us. 1:17 Just as we obeyed 52 Moses, so we will obey you. But 53 may the Lord your God be with you as he was with Moses! 1:18 Any man who rebels against what you say and does not obey all your commands will be executed. 54 But 55 be strong and brave!”
Joshua 1:1
Context1:1 After Moses the Lord’s servant died, the Lord said to Joshua son of Nun, Moses’ assistant:
Joshua 18:1-28
Context18:1 The entire Israelite community assembled at Shiloh and there they set up the tent of meeting. 56 Though they had subdued the land, 57 18:2 seven Israelite tribes had not been assigned their allotted land. 58 18:3 So Joshua said to the Israelites: “How long do you intend to put off occupying 59 the land the Lord God of your ancestors 60 has given you? 18:4 Pick three men from each tribe. I will send them out to walk through the land and make a map of it for me. 61 18:5 Divide it into seven regions. 62 Judah will stay 63 in its territory in the south, and the family 64 of Joseph in its territory in the north. 18:6 But as for you, map out the land into seven regions and bring it to me. I will draw lots for you here before the Lord our God. 18:7 But the Levites will not have an allotted portion among you, for their inheritance is to serve the Lord. 65 Gad, Reuben, and the half-tribe of Manasseh have already received their allotted land 66 east of the Jordan which Moses the Lord’s servant assigned them.”
18:8 When the men started out, Joshua told those going to map out the land, “Go, walk through the land, map it out, and return to me. Then I will draw lots for you before the Lord here in Shiloh.” 18:9 The men journeyed 67 through the land and mapped it and its cities out into seven regions on a scroll. Then they came to Joshua at the camp in Shiloh. 18:10 Joshua drew lots for them in Shiloh before the Lord and divided the land among the Israelites according to their allotted portions.
18:11 The first lot belonged to the tribe of Benjamin 68 by its clans. Their allotted territory was between Judah and Joseph. 69 18:12 Their northern border started at the Jordan, went up to the slope of Jericho 70 on the north, ascended westward to the hill country, and extended to the desert of Beth Aven. 18:13 It then crossed from there to Luz, to the slope of Luz to the south (that is, Bethel), 71 and descended to Ataroth Addar located on the hill that is south of lower Beth Horon. 18:14 It then turned on the west side southward from the hill near Beth Horon on the south and extended to Kiriath Baal (that is, Kiriath Jearim), a city belonging to the tribe 72 of Judah. This is the western border. 73 18:15 The southern side started on the edge of Kiriath Jearim and extended westward to the spring of the waters of Nephtoah. 18:16 The border then descended to the edge of the hill country near the Valley of Ben Hinnom located in the Valley of the Rephaites to the north. It descended through the Valley of Hinnom to the slope of the Jebusites to the south and then down to En Rogel. 18:17 It went northward, extending to En Shemesh and Geliloth opposite the Pass 74 of Adummim, and descended to the Stone of Bohan son of Reuben. 18:18 It crossed to the slope in front of the Arabah to the north and descended into the Arabah. 18:19 It then crossed to the slope of Beth Hoglah to the north and ended at the northern tip of the Salt Sea 75 at the mouth of the Jordan River. 76 This was the southern border. 18:20 The Jordan River borders it on the east. These were the borders of the land assigned to the tribe of Benjamin by its clans. 77
18:21 These cities belonged to the tribe 78 of Benjamin by its clans: Jericho, 79 Beth Hoglah, Emek Keziz, 18:22 Beth Arabah, Zemaraim, Bethel, 80 18:23 Avvim, Parah, Ophrah, 18:24 Kephar Ammoni, Ophni, and Geba – a total of twelve cities and their towns.
18:25 Gibeon, Ramah, Beeroth, 18:26 Mizpah, Kephirah, Mozah, 18:27 Rekem, Irpeel, Taralah, 18:28 Zelah, Haeleph, the Jebusite city 81 (that is, Jerusalem), 82 Gibeah, and Kiriath – a total of fourteen cities and their towns. 83 This was the land assigned to the tribe of Benjamin 84 by its clans.
[14:1] 1 tn Heb “These are [the lands] which the sons of Israel received as an inheritance in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes assigned as an inheritance to the sons of Israel.”
[14:2] 2 tn Heb “By lot was their inheritance, as the
[14:3] 3 tn Or “assigned an inheritance.”
[14:3] 4 tn Or “no inheritance.”
[14:3] 5 tn The Hebrew text adds, “in their midst.”
[14:4] 4 tn Heb “and they did not assign a portion to the Levites in the land, except cities [in which] to live and their pastures for their cattle and property.”
[14:5] 5 tn Heb “Just as the
[14:6] 6 tn Heb “You know the word which the
[14:7] 7 tn Heb “and I brought back to him a word just as [was] in my heart.”
[14:8] 9 tn Heb “went up with.”
[14:8] 10 tn Heb “made the heart[s] of the people melt.”
[14:8] 11 tn Heb “I filled up after the
[14:9] 9 tn Heb “swore an oath.”
[14:9] 10 tn Heb “on which your foot has walked.”
[14:9] 11 tn Heb “will belong to you for an inheritance, and to your sons forever.”
[14:11] 10 tn Heb “like my strength then, like my strength now, for battle and for going out and coming in.”
[14:12] 11 tn Heb “are there and large, fortified cities.”
[14:12] 12 tn Or “will dispossess.”
[14:13] 12 tn Heb “Joshua blessed him and gave Hebron to Caleb son of Jephunneh as an inheritance.”
[14:14] 13 tn Heb “Therefore Hebron belongs to Caleb son of Jephunneh for an inheritance to this day.”
[14:15] 14 tn Heb “And he was the great man among the Anakites.”
[14:1] 15 tn Heb “These are [the lands] which the sons of Israel received as an inheritance in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the tribes assigned as an inheritance to the sons of Israel.”
[1:2] 17 tn Heb “this Jordan”; the word “River” has been supplied in the translation for clarity (likewise in v. 11).
[1:2] 18 tc Heb “Cross over this Jordan, you and all these people, to the land that I am giving to them, to the children of Israel.” The final phrase, “to the children of Israel,” is probably a later scribal addition specifying the identity of “these people/them.”
[1:3] 17 tn Heb “Every place on which the sole of your foot walks, to you I have given it, as I said to Moses.” The second person pronouns in vv. 3-4 are plural, indicating that all the people are addressed here. The verbal form נְתַתִּיו (nÿtattiv, “I have given it”) is probably a perfect of certitude, emphasizing the certainty of the action. Another option is to translate, “I have already assigned it.” In this case the verb would probably refer to the
[1:4] 18 tn Heb “all the land of the Hittites.” The expression “the land of the Hittites” does not refer to Anatolia (modern Turkey), where the ancient Hittite kingdom of the second millennium
[1:4] 19 tn Heb “the Great Sea,” the typical designation for the Mediterranean Sea.
[1:4] 20 tn Heb “From the wilderness and this Lebanon even to the great river, the River Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, even to the great sea [at] the place where the sun sets, your territory will be.”
[1:5] 19 tn Heb “A man will not stand before you.” The second person pronouns in this verse are singular, indicating Joshua is the addressee.
[1:6] 20 tn Heb “For you will cause these people to inherit the land that I swore to their fathers to give to them.” The pronoun “them” at the end of the verse refers to either the people or to the fathers.
[1:7] 22 tn Heb “so you can be careful to do.” The use of the infinitive לִשְׁמֹר (lishmor, “to keep”) after the imperatives suggests that strength and bravery will be necessary for obedience. Another option is to take the form לִשְׁמֹר as a vocative lamed (ל) with imperative (see Isa 38:20 for an example of this construction), which could be translated, “Indeed, be careful!”
[1:7] 23 tn Heb “commanded you.”
[1:7] 24 tn Heb “be wise,” but the word can mean “be successful” by metonymy.
[1:7] 25 tn Heb “in all which you go.”
[1:8] 23 tn Heb “read it in undertones,” or “recite it quietly” (see HALOT 1:237).
[1:8] 24 tn Heb “be careful to do.”
[1:8] 25 tn Heb “you will make your way prosperous.”
[1:8] 26 tn Heb “and be wise,” but the word can mean “be successful” by metonymy.
[1:9] 23 tn Heb “Have I not commanded you?” The rhetorical question emphasizes the importance of the following command by reminding the listener that it is being repeated.
[1:9] 24 tn Or perhaps, “don’t get discouraged!”
[1:9] 25 tn Heb “in all which you go.”
[1:11] 25 tn Heb “to enter to possess the land which the
[1:13] 26 tn Heb “remember the word which Moses, the
[1:13] 27 tn Heb “is providing rest for you and is giving to you this land.”
[1:14] 27 tn Heb “But you must cross over armed for battle before your brothers, all [you] mighty men of strength.”
[1:15] 28 tn Heb “Then you may return to the land of your possession and possess it, that which Moses, the
[1:17] 29 tn Heb “listened to.”
[1:17] 30 tn Or “Only.” Here and in v. 18 this word qualifies what precedes (see also v. 7).
[1:18] 30 tn Heb “any man who rebels against your mouth and does not listen to your words, to all which you command us, will be put to death.”
[1:18] 31 tn Or “Only.” Here and in v. 17 this word qualifies what precedes (see also v. 7).
[18:1] 31 tn Heb “the tent of assembly.”
[18:1] 32 tn Heb “and the land was subdued before them.”
[18:2] 32 tn Heb “there were left among the sons of Israel who had not divided up their inheritance seven tribes.”
[18:3] 33 tn Heb “How long are you putting off entering and possessing.”
[18:4] 34 tn Heb “I will send them so they may arise and walk about in the land and describe it in writing according to their inheritance and come to me.”
[18:7] 36 tn Or “the priesthood of the
[18:7] 37 tn Or “inheritance.”
[18:9] 37 tn Heb “went and passed through.”
[18:11] 38 tn Heb “and the lot came up for the tribe of the sons of Benjamin.”
[18:11] 39 tn Heb “and the territory of their allotment went out between the sons of Judah and the sons of Joseph.”
[18:12] 39 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[18:13] 40 map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.
[18:14] 41 tn Heb “sons,” here referring to the tribe.
[18:19] 43 sn The Salt Sea is another name for the Dead Sea.
[18:19] 44 tn Heb “to the tongue of the Salt Sea to the north, to the end of the Jordan to the south.” The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for clarity (also in the following verse).
[18:20] 44 tn Heb “This was the inheritance of the sons of Benjamin by its borders round about, by their clans.”
[18:21] 45 tn Heb “the sons,” here referring to the tribe.
[18:21] 46 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[18:22] 46 map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.
[18:28] 47 tn The word “city” is supplied in the translation for clarification.
[18:28] 48 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[18:28] 49 tn The structure of this list presents problems. In v. 28 no conjunction appears before “Haeleph” or “Kiriath” in the Hebrew text. This suggests they should be compounded with the preceding names, yielding “Zelah Haeleph” and “Gibeah Kiriath” respectively. This results in a list of only twelve cities, however, while the summary statement (v. 28) gives the number fourteen. One should note, however, that the city lists in chap. 15 do not consistently use the conjunction before the name of each city. See also Josh 19:7, where no conjunction appears before “Rimmon,” but the summary assumes that Ain and Rimmon are distinct.
[18:28] 50 tn Heb “This is the inheritance of the sons of Benjamin.”
