Jude 1:17

Exhortation to the Faithful

1:17 But you, dear friends – recall the predictions ¹  foretold by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ. ² 

Jude 1:16

1:16 These people are grumblers and ³  fault-finders who go ⁴  wherever their desires lead them, ⁵  and they give bombastic speeches, ⁶  enchanting folks ⁷  for their own gain. ⁸ 

Jude 1:15

1:15 to execute judgment on ⁹  all, and to convict every person ¹⁰  of all their thoroughly ungodly deeds ¹¹  that they have committed, ¹²  and of all the harsh words that ungodly sinners have spoken against him.” ¹³ 

Jude 1:9

1:9 But even ¹⁴  when Michael the archangel ¹⁵  was arguing with the devil and debating with him ¹⁶  concerning Moses’ body, he did not dare to bring a slanderous judgment, but said, “May the Lord rebuke you!”

[1:17]  ¹ tn Grk “words.” In conjunction with προεῖπον (proeipon), however, the meaning of the construction is that the apostles uttered prophecies.

[1:17]  ² sn This verse parallels 2 Pet 3:2 both conceptually and in much of the verbiage. There is one important difference, however: In 2 Pet 3:2 the prophets and apostles speak; here, just the apostles speak. This makes good sense if Jude is using 2 Peter as his main source and is urging his readers to go back to the authoritative writings, both OT and now especially NT.

[1:16]  ³ tn “And” is not in Greek, but is supplied for the sake of English style.

[1:16]  ⁴ tn Or “going.” Though the participle is anarthrous, so also is the subject. Thus, the participle could be either adverbial or adjectival.

[1:16]  ⁵ tn Grk “(who go/going) according to their own lusts.”

[1:16]  ⁶ tn Grk “and their mouth speaks bombastic things.”

[1:16]  ⁷ sn Enchanting folks (Grk “awing faces”) refers to the fact that the speeches of these false teachers are powerful and seductive.

[1:16]  ⁸ tn Or “to their own advantage.”

[1:15]  ⁵ tn Grk “against” (κατά [kata] + genitive). English usage is satisfied with “on” at this point, but the parallel is lost in the translation to some degree, for the end of v. 15 says that this judgment is meted out on these sinners because they spoke against him (κατά + genitive).

[1:15]  ⁶ tn Or “soul.”

[1:15]  ⁷ tn Grk “of all their works of ungodliness.” The adverb “thoroughly” is part of the following verb “have committed.” See note on verb “committed” later in this verse.

[1:15]  ⁸ tn The verb in Greek does not simply mean “have committed,” but “have committed in an ungodly way.” The verb ἀσεβέω (asebew) is cognate to the noun ἀσέβεια (asebeia, “ungodliness”). There is no easy way to express this in English, since English does not have a single word that means the same thing. Nevertheless, the tenor of v. 15 is plainly seen, regardless of the translation.

[1:15]  ⁹ sn An apparent quotation from 1 En. 1:9. There is some doubt as to whether Jude is actually quoting from the text of 1 Enoch; the text here in Jude differs in some respects from the extant text of this pseudepigraphic book. It is sometimes suggested that Jude may instead have been quoting from oral tradition which had roots older than the written text.

[1:9]  ⁷ tn The word “even” is not in Greek; it is implied by the height of the contrast.

[1:9]  ⁸ sn According to Jewish intertestamental literature (such as 1 En. 20), Michael was one of seven archangels.

[1:9]  ⁹ tn The sentence structure is a bit different in Greek. Literally it reads: “But Michael the archangel, when arguing with the devil and disputing.”