Leviticus 18:25

18:25 Therefore ¹  the land has become unclean and I have brought the punishment for its iniquity upon it, ²  so that the land has vomited out its inhabitants.

Leviticus 18:28

18:28 So do not make the land vomit you out because you defile it ³  just as it has vomited out the nations ⁴  that were before you.

Leviticus 20:22

Exhortation to Holiness and Obedience

20:22 “‘You must be sure to obey all my statutes and regulations, ⁵  so that ⁶  the land to which I am about to bring you to take up residence there does not vomit you out.

Deuteronomy 4:25-26

Threat and Blessing following Covenant Disobedience

4:25 After you have produced children and grandchildren and have been in the land a long time, ⁷  if you become corrupt and make an image of any kind ⁸  and do other evil things before the Lord your God that enrage him, ⁹  4:26 I invoke heaven and earth as witnesses against you ¹⁰  today that you will surely and swiftly be removed ¹¹  from the very land you are about to cross the Jordan to possess. You will not last long there because you will surely be ¹²  annihilated.

Deuteronomy 29:18-23

29:18 Beware that the heart of no man, woman, clan, or tribe among you turns away from the Lord our God today to pursue and serve the gods of those nations; beware that there is among you no root producing poisonous and bitter fruit. ¹³  29:19 When such a person ¹⁴  hears the words of this oath he secretly ¹⁵  blesses himself ¹⁶  and says, “I will have peace though I continue to walk with a stubborn spirit.” ¹⁷  This will destroy ¹⁸  the watered ground with the parched. ¹⁹  29:20 The Lord will be unwilling to forgive him, and his intense anger ²⁰  will rage ²¹  against that man; all the curses ²²  written in this scroll will fall upon him ²³  and the Lord will obliterate his name from memory. ²⁴  29:21 The Lord will single him out ²⁵  for judgment ²⁶  from all the tribes of Israel according to all the curses of the covenant written in this scroll of the law. 29:22 The generation to come – your descendants who will rise up after you, as well as the foreigner who will come from distant places – will see ²⁷  the afflictions of that land and the illnesses that the Lord has brought on it. 29:23 The whole land will be covered with brimstone, salt, and burning debris; it will not be planted nor will it sprout or produce grass. It will resemble the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, which the Lord destroyed in his intense anger. ²⁸ 

Joshua 23:15-16

23:15 But in the same way every faithful promise the Lord your God made to you has been realized, ²⁹  it is just as certain, if you disobey, that the Lord will bring on you every judgment ³⁰  until he destroys you from this good land which the Lord your God gave you. 23:16 If you violate the covenantal laws of the Lord your God which he commanded you to keep, ³¹  and follow, worship, and bow down to other gods, ³²  the Lord will be very angry with you and you will disappear ³³  quickly from the good land which he gave to you.”

Joshua 23:1

Joshua Challenges Israel to be Faithful

23:1 A long time ³⁴  passed after the Lord made Israel secure from all their enemies, ³⁵  and Joshua was very old. ³⁶ 

Joshua 2:1

Joshua Sends Spies into the Land

2:1 Joshua son of Nun sent two spies out from Shittim secretly and instructed them: ³⁷  “Find out what you can about the land, especially Jericho.” ³⁸  They stopped at the house of a prostitute named Rahab and spent the night there. ³⁹ 

Psalms 50:16-20

50:16 God says this to the evildoer: ⁴⁰ 

“How can you declare my commands,

and talk about my covenant? ⁴¹ 

50:17 For you hate instruction

and reject my words. ⁴² 

50:18 When you see a thief, you join him; ⁴³ 

you associate with men who are unfaithful to their wives. ⁴⁴ 

50:19 You do damage with words, ⁴⁵ 

and use your tongue to deceive. ⁴⁶ 

50:20 You plot against your brother; ⁴⁷ 

you slander your own brother. ⁴⁸ 

Psalms 94:20-21

94:20 Cruel rulers ⁴⁹  are not your allies,

those who make oppressive laws. ⁵⁰ 

94:21 They conspire against ⁵¹  the blameless, ⁵² 

and condemn to death the innocent. ⁵³ 

[18:25]  ¹ tn Heb “And.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative or even inferential force here.

[18:25]  ² tn Heb “and I have visited its [punishment for] iniquity on it.” See the note on Lev 17:16 above.

[18:28]  ³ tn Heb “And the land will not vomit you out in your defiling it.”

[18:28]  ⁴ tc The MT reads the singular “nation” and is followed by ASV, NASB, NRSV; the LXX, Syriac, and Targum have the plural “nations” (cf. v. 24).

[20:22]  ⁵ tn Heb “And you shall keep all my statutes and all my regulations and you shall do them.” This appears to be a kind of verbal hendiadys, where the first verb is a modifier of the action of the second verb (see GKC 386 §120.d, although שָׁמַר [shamar, “to keep”] is not cited there; cf. Lev 22:31, etc.).

[20:22]  ⁶ tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.

[4:25]  ⁷ tn Heb “have grown old in the land,” i.e., been there for a long time.

[4:25]  ⁸ tn Heb “a form of anything.” Cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV, TEV “an idol.”

[4:25]  ⁹ tn The infinitive construct is understood here as indicating the result, not the intention, of their actions.

[4:26]  ¹⁰ sn I invoke heaven and earth as witnesses against you. This stock formula introduces what is known form-critically as a רִיב (riv) or controversy pattern. It is commonly used in the ancient Near Eastern world in legal contexts and in the OT as a forensic or judicial device to draw attention to Israel’s violation of the Lord’s covenant with them (see Deut 30:19; Isa 1:2; 3:13; Jer 2:9). Since court proceedings required the testimony of witnesses, the Lord here summons heaven and earth (that is, all creation) to testify to his faithfulness, Israel’s disobedience, and the threat of judgment.

[4:26]  ¹¹ tn Or “be destroyed”; KJV “utterly perish”; NLT “will quickly disappear”; CEV “you won’t have long to live.”

[4:26]  ¹² tn Or “be completely” (so NCV, TEV). It is not certain here if the infinitive absolute indicates the certainty of the following action (cf. NIV) or its degree.

[29:18]  ¹³ tn Heb “yielding fruit poisonous and wormwood.” The Hebrew noun לַעֲנָה (la’anah) literally means “wormwood” (so KJV, ASV, NAB, NASB), but is used figuratively for anything extremely bitter, thus here “fruit poisonous and bitter.”

[29:19]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the subject of the warning in v. 18) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[29:19]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “in his heart.”

[29:19]  ¹⁶ tn Or “invokes a blessing on himself.” A formalized word of blessing is in view, the content of which appears later in the verse.

[29:19]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “heart.”

[29:19]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “thus destroying.” For stylistic reasons the translation begins a new sentence here.

[29:19]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “the watered with the parched.” The word “ground” is implied. The exact meaning of the phrase is uncertain although it appears to be figurative. This appears to be a proverbial observation employing a figure of speech (a merism) suggesting totality. That is, the Israelite who violates the letter and even spirit of the covenant will harm not only himself but everything he touches – “the watered and the parched.” Cf. CEV “you will cause the rest of Israel to be punished along with you.”

[29:20]  ²⁰ tn Heb “the wrath of the Lord and his zeal.” The expression is a hendiadys, a figure in which the second noun becomes adjectival to the first.

[29:20]  ²¹ tn Heb “smoke,” or “smolder.”

[29:20]  ²² tn Heb “the entire oath.”

[29:20]  ²³ tn Or “will lie in wait against him.”

[29:20]  ²⁴ tn Heb “blot out his name from under the sky.”

[29:21]  ²⁵ tn Heb “set him apart.”

[29:21]  ²⁶ tn Heb “for evil”; NAB “for doom”; NASB “for adversity”; NIV “for disaster”; NRSV “for calamity.”

[29:22]  ²⁷ tn Heb “will say and see.” One expects a quotation to appear, but it seems to be omitted. To avoid confusion in the translation, the verb “will say” is omitted.

[29:23]  ²⁸ tn Heb “the anger and the wrath.” This construction is a hendiadys intended to intensify the emotion.

[23:15]  ²⁹ tn Heb “and it will be as every good word which the Lord your God spoke to you has come to pass.”

[23:15]  ³⁰ tn Heb “so the Lord will bring every injurious [or “evil”] word [or “thing”] upon you.”

[23:16]  ³¹ tn Heb “when you violate the covenant of the Lord your God which he commanded you.”

[23:16]  ³² tn Heb “and you walk and serve other gods and bow down to them.”

[23:16]  ³³ tn Or “perish.”

[23:1]  ³⁴ tn Heb “many days.”

[23:1]  ³⁵ tn Heb “the Lord had given rest to Israel from their enemies all around.”

[23:1]  ³⁶ tn Heb “was old, coming into the days.” This expression, referring to advancing in years, also occurs in the following verse.

[2:1]  ³⁷ tn Heb “Joshua, son of Nun, sent from Shittim two men, spies, secretly, saying.”

[2:1]  ³⁸ tn Heb “go, see the land, and Jericho.”

[2:1]  ³⁹ tn Heb “they went and entered the house of a woman, a prostitute, and her name was Rahab, and they slept there.”

[50:16]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “evil [one].” The singular adjective is used here in a representative sense; it refers to those within the larger covenant community who have blatantly violated the Lord’s commandments. In the psalms the “wicked” (רְשָׁעִים, rÿsha’im) are typically proud, practical atheists (Ps 10:2, 4, 11) who hate God’s commands, commit sinful deeds, speak lies and slander, and cheat others (Ps 37:21).

[50:16]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “What to you to declare my commands and lift up my covenant upon your mouth?” The rhetorical question expresses sarcastic amazement. The Lord is shocked that such evildoers would give lip-service to his covenantal demands, for their lifestyle is completely opposed to his standards (see vv. 18-20).

[50:17]  ⁴² tn Heb “and throw my words behind you.”

[50:18]  ⁴³ tn Heb “you run with him.”

[50:18]  ⁴⁴ tn Heb “and with adulterers [is] your portion.”

[50:19]  ⁴⁵ tn Heb “your mouth you send with evil.”

[50:19]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “and your tongue binds together [i.e., “frames”] deceit.”

[50:20]  ⁴⁷ tn Heb “you sit, against your brother you speak.” To “sit” and “speak” against someone implies plotting against that person (see Ps 119:23).

[50:20]  ⁴⁸ tn Heb “against the son of your mother you give a fault.”

[94:20]  ⁴⁹ tn Heb “a throne of destruction.” “Throne” stands here by metonymy for rulers who occupy thrones.

[94:20]  ⁵⁰ tn Heb “Is a throne of destruction united to you, one that forms trouble upon a statute?” The rhetorical question anticipates the answer, “Of course not!” The translation, while not preserving the interrogative form of the statement, reflects its rhetorical force.

[94:21]  ⁵¹ tn Or “attack.”

[94:21]  ⁵² tn Heb “the life of the blameless.”

[94:21]  ⁵³ tn Heb “and the blood of the innocent they declare guilty.”