Discovery BoxLeviticus 26:19
Context26:19 I will break your strong pride and make your sky like iron and your land like bronze.
Deuteronomy 28:23-24
Context28:23 The 1 sky 2 above your heads will be bronze and the earth beneath you iron. 28:24 The Lord will make the rain of your land powder and dust; it will come down on you from the sky until you are destroyed.
Deuteronomy 28:1
Context28:1 “If you indeed 3 obey the Lord your God and are careful to observe all his commandments I am giving 4 you today, the Lord your God will elevate you above all the nations of the earth.
Deuteronomy 8:1
Context8:1 You must keep carefully all these commandments 5 I am giving 6 you today so that you may live, increase in number, 7 and go in and occupy the land that the Lord promised to your ancestors. 8
Deuteronomy 17:1
Context17:1 You must not sacrifice to him 9 a bull or sheep that has a blemish or any other defect, because that is considered offensive 10 to the Lord your God.
Jeremiah 14:1-6
Context14:1 The Lord spoke to Jeremiah 12 about the drought. 13
14:2 “The people of Judah are in mourning.
The people in her cities are pining away.
They lie on the ground expressing their sorrow. 14
Cries of distress come up to me 15 from Jerusalem. 16
14:3 The leading men of the cities send their servants for water.
They go to the cisterns, 17 but they do not find any water there.
They return with their containers 18 empty.
Disappointed and dismayed, they bury their faces in their hands. 19
14:4 They are dismayed because the ground is cracked 20
because there has been no rain in the land.
The farmers, too, are dismayed
and bury their faces in their hands.
14:5 Even the doe abandons her newborn fawn 21 in the field
because there is no grass.
14:6 Wild donkeys stand on the hilltops
and pant for breath like jackals.
Their eyes are strained looking for food,
because there is none to be found.” 22
Hosea 2:9
Context2:9 Therefore, I will take back 23 my grain during the harvest time 24
and my new wine when it ripens; 25
I will take away my wool and my flax
which I had provided 26 in order to clothe her. 27
Joel 1:18-20
Context1:18 Listen to the cattle groan! 28
The herds of livestock wander around in confusion 29
because they have no pasture.
Even the flocks of sheep are suffering.
1:19 To you, O Lord, I call out for help, 30
for fire 31 has burned up 32 the grassy pastures, 33
flames have razed 34 all the trees in the fields.
1:20 Even the wild animals 35 cry out to you; 36
for the river beds 37 have dried up;
[28:23] 1 tc The MT reads “Your.” The LXX reads “Heaven will be to you.”
[28:23] 2 tn Or “heavens” (also in the following verse). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.
[28:1] 3 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation indicates with “indeed.”
[28:1] 4 tn Heb “commanding”; NAB “which I enjoin on you today” (likewise in v. 15).
[8:1] 5 tn The singular term (מִצְוָה, mitsvah) includes the whole corpus of covenant stipulations, certainly the book of Deuteronomy at least (cf. Deut 5:28; 6:1, 25; 7:11; 11:8, 22; 15:5; 17:20; 19:9; 27:1; 30:11; 31:5). The plural (מִצְוֹת, mitsot) refers to individual stipulations (as in vv. 2, 6).
[8:1] 6 tn Heb “commanding” (so NASB). For stylistic reasons, to avoid redundancy, “giving” has been used in the translation (likewise in v. 11).
[8:1] 7 tn Heb “multiply” (so KJV, NASB, NLT); NIV, NRSV “increase.”
[8:1] 8 tn Heb “fathers” (also in vv. 16, 18).
[17:1] 9 tn Heb “to the
[17:1] 10 tn The Hebrew word תּוֹעֵבָה (to’evah, “an abomination”; cf. NAB) describes persons, things, or practices offensive to ritual or moral order. See M. Grisanti, NIDOTTE 4:314-18; see also the note on the word “abhorrent” in Deut 7:25.
[14:1] 11 sn The form of Jer 14:1–15:9 is very striking rhetorically. It consists essentially of laments and responses to them. However, what makes it so striking is its deviation from normal form (cf. 2 Chr 20:5-17 for what would normally be expected). The descriptions of the lamentable situation come from the mouth of God not the people (cf.14:1-6, 17-18). The prophet utters the petitions with statements of trust (14:7-9, 19-22) and the
[14:1] 12 tn Heb “That which came [as] the word of the
[14:1] 13 sn Drought was one of the punishments for failure to adhere to the terms of their covenant with God. See Deut 28:22-24; Lev 26:18-20.
[14:2] 14 tn Heb “Judah mourns, its gates pine away, they are in mourning on the ground.” There are several figures of speech involved here. The basic figure is that of personification where Judah and it cities are said to be in mourning. However, in the third line the figure is a little hard to sustain because “they” are in mourning on the ground. That presses the imagination of most moderns a little too far. Hence the personification has been interpreted “people of” throughout. The term “gates” here is used as part for whole for the “cities” themselves as in several other passages in the OT (cf. BDB 1045 s.v. שַׁעַר 2.b, c and see, e.g., Isa 14:31).
[14:2] 15 tn The words “to me” are not in the text. They are implicit from the fact that the
[14:2] 16 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[14:3] 17 tn Though the concept of “cisterns” is probably not familiar to some readers, it would be a mistake to translate this word as “well.” Wells have continual sources of water. Cisterns were pits dug in the ground and lined with plaster to hold rain water. The drought had exhausted all the water in the cisterns.
[14:3] 18 tn The word “containers” is a generic word in Hebrew = “vessels.” It would probably in this case involve water “jars” or “jugs.” But since in contemporary English one would normally associate those terms with smaller vessels, “containers” may be safer.
[14:3] 19 tn Heb “they cover their heads.” Some of the English versions have gone wrong here because of the “normal” use of the words translated here “disappointed” and “dismayed.” They are regularly translated “ashamed” and “disgraced, humiliated, dismayed” elsewhere (see e.g., Jer 22:22); they are somewhat synonymous terms which are often parallel or combined. The key here, however, is the expression “they cover their heads” which is used in 2 Sam 15:30 for the expression of grief. Moreover, the word translated here “disappointed” (בּוֹשׁ, bosh) is used that way several times. See for example Jer 12:13 and consult examples in BDB 101 s.v. בּוֹשׁ Qal.2. A very similar context with the same figure is found in Jer 2:36-37.
[14:4] 20 tn For the use of the verb “is cracked” here see BDB 369 s.v. חָתַת Qal.1 and compare the usage in Jer 51:56 where it refers to broken bows. The form is a relative clause without relative pronoun (cf., GKC 486-87 §155.f). The sentence as a whole is related to the preceding through a particle meaning “because of” or “on account of.” Hence the subject and verb have been repeated to make the connection.
[14:5] 21 tn Heb “she gives birth and abandons.”
[14:6] 22 tn Heb “their eyes are strained because there is no verdure.”
[2:9] 23 tn Heb “I will return and I will take.” The two verbs joined with vav conjunction form a verbal hendiadys in which the first verb functions adverbially and the second retains its full verbal sense (GKC 386-87 §120.d, h): אָשׁוּב וְלָקַחְתִּי (’ashuv vÿlaqakhti) means “I will take back.”
[2:9] 24 tn Heb “in its time” (so NAB, NRSV).
[2:9] 25 tn Heb “in its season” (so NAB, NASB, NRSV).
[2:9] 26 tn The words “which I had provided” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons; cf. NIV “intended to cover.”
[2:9] 27 tn Heb “to cover her nakedness” (so KJV and many other English versions); TEV “for clothing.”
[1:18] 28 tn Heb “how the cattle groan!”
[1:18] 29 tn Heb “the herds of cattle are confused.” The verb בּוּךְ (bukh, “be confused”) sometimes refers to wandering aimlessly in confusion (cf. Exod 14:3).
[1:19] 30 tn The phrase “for help” does not appear in the Hebrew, but is supplied in the translation for the sake of clarity.
[1:19] 31 sn Fire here and in v. 20 is probably not to be understood in a literal sense. The locust plague, accompanied by conditions of extreme drought, has left the countryside looking as though everything has been burned up (so also in Joel 2:3).
[1:19] 32 tn Heb “consumed.” This entire line is restated at the end of v. 20.
[1:19] 33 tn Heb “the pastures of the wilderness.”
[1:19] 34 tn Heb “a flame has set ablaze.” This fire was one of the effects of the drought.
[1:20] 35 tn Heb “beasts of the field.”
[1:20] 36 tn Heb “long for you.” Animals of course do not have religious sensibilities as such; they do not in any literal sense long for Yahweh. Rather, the language here is figurative (metonymy of cause for effect). The animals long for food and water (so BDB 788 s.v. עָרַג), the ultimate source of which is Yahweh.
