Leviticus 26:34-44

26:34 “‘Then the land will make up for ¹  its Sabbaths all the days it lies desolate while you are in the land of your enemies; then the land will rest and make up its Sabbaths. 26:35 All the days of the desolation it will have the rest it did not have ²  on your Sabbaths when you lived on it.

26:36 “‘As for ³  the ones who remain among you, I will bring despair into their hearts in the lands of their enemies. The sound of a blowing leaf will pursue them, and they will flee as one who flees the sword and fall down even though there is no pursuer. 26:37 They will stumble over each other as those who flee before a sword, though ⁴  there is no pursuer, and there will be no one to take a stand ⁵  for you before your enemies. 26:38 You will perish among the nations; the land of your enemies will consume you.

Restoration through Confession and Repentance

26:39 “‘As for the ones who remain among you, they will rot away because of ⁶  their iniquity in the lands of your enemies, and they will also rot away because of their ancestors’ ⁷  iniquities which are with them. 26:40 However, when ⁸  they confess their iniquity and their ancestors’ iniquity which they committed by trespassing against me, ⁹  by which they also walked ¹⁰  in hostility against me ¹¹  26:41 (and I myself will walk in hostility against them and bring them into the land of their enemies), and ¹²  then their uncircumcised hearts become humbled and they make up for ¹³  their iniquity, 26:42 I will remember my covenant with Jacob and also my covenant with Isaac and also my covenant with Abraham, ¹⁴  and I will remember the land. 26:43 The land will be abandoned by them ¹⁵  in order that it may make up for ¹⁶  its Sabbaths while it is made desolate ¹⁷  without them, ¹⁸  and they will make up for their iniquity because ¹⁹  they have rejected my regulations and have abhorred ²⁰  my statutes. 26:44 In spite of this, however, when they are in the land of their enemies I will not reject them and abhor them to make a complete end of them, to break my covenant with them, for I am the Lord their God.

Deuteronomy 4:26-27

4:26 I invoke heaven and earth as witnesses against you ²¹  today that you will surely and swiftly be removed ²²  from the very land you are about to cross the Jordan to possess. You will not last long there because you will surely be ²³  annihilated. 4:27 Then the Lord will scatter you among the peoples and there will be very few of you ²⁴  among the nations where the Lord will drive you.

Deuteronomy 28:36

28:36 The Lord will force you and your king ²⁵  whom you will appoint over you to go away to a people whom you and your ancestors have not known, and you will serve other gods of wood and stone there.

Deuteronomy 28:64-68

28:64 The Lord will scatter you among all nations, from one end of the earth to the other. There you will worship other gods that neither you nor your ancestors have known, gods of wood and stone. 28:65 Among those nations you will have no rest nor will there be a place of peaceful rest for the soles of your feet, for there the Lord will give you an anxious heart, failing eyesight, and a spirit of despair. 28:66 Your life will hang in doubt before you; you will be terrified by night and day and will have no certainty of surviving from one day to the next. ²⁶  28:67 In the morning you will say, ‘If only it were evening!’ And in the evening you will say, ‘I wish it were morning!’ because of the things you will fear and the things you will see. 28:68 Then the Lord will make you return to Egypt by ship, over a route I said to you that you would never see again. There you will sell yourselves to your enemies as male and female slaves, but no one will buy you.”

Deuteronomy 29:24-28

29:24 Then all the nations will ask, “Why has the Lord done all this to this land? What is this fierce, heated display of anger ²⁷  all about?” 29:25 Then people will say, “Because they abandoned the covenant of the Lord, the God of their ancestors, which he made with them when he brought them out of the land of Egypt. 29:26 They went and served other gods and worshiped them, gods they did not know and that he did not permit them to worship. ²⁸  29:27 That is why the Lord’s anger erupted against this land, bringing on it all the curses ²⁹  written in this scroll. 29:28 So the Lord has uprooted them from their land in anger, wrath, and great rage and has deported them to another land, as is clear today.”

Deuteronomy 29:2

The Exodus, Wandering, and Conquest Reviewed

29:2 Moses proclaimed to all Israel as follows: “You have seen all that the Lord did ³⁰  in the land of Egypt to Pharaoh, all his servants, and his land.

Deuteronomy 17:6

17:6 At the testimony of two or three witnesses they must be executed. They cannot be put to death on the testimony of only one witness.

Deuteronomy 17:18

17:18 When he sits on his royal throne he must make a copy of this law ³¹  on a scroll ³²  given to him by the Levitical priests.

Deuteronomy 17:1-2

17:1 You must not sacrifice to him ³³  a bull or sheep that has a blemish or any other defect, because that is considered offensive ³⁴  to the Lord your God. 17:2 Suppose a man or woman is discovered among you – in one of your villages ³⁵  that the Lord your God is giving you – who sins before the Lord your God ³⁶  and breaks his covenant

Deuteronomy 15:21

15:21 If they have any kind of blemish – lameness, blindness, or anything else ³⁷  – you may not offer them as a sacrifice to the Lord your God.

Daniel 9:7-14

9:7 “You are righteous, ³⁸  O Lord, but we are humiliated this day ³⁹  – the people ⁴⁰  of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem and all Israel, both near and far away in all the countries in which you have scattered them, because they have behaved unfaithfully toward you. 9:8 O LORD, we have been humiliated ⁴¹  – our kings, our leaders, and our ancestors – because we have sinned against you. 9:9 Yet the Lord our God is compassionate and forgiving, ⁴²  even though we have rebelled against him. 9:10 We have not obeyed ⁴³  the LORD our God by living according to ⁴⁴  his laws ⁴⁵  that he set before us through his servants the prophets.

9:11 “All Israel has broken ⁴⁶  your law and turned away by not obeying you. ⁴⁷  Therefore you have poured out on us the judgment solemnly threatened ⁴⁸  in the law of Moses the servant of God, for we have sinned against you. ⁴⁹  9:12 He has carried out his threats ⁵⁰  against us and our rulers ⁵¹  who were over ⁵²  us by bringing great calamity on us – what has happened to Jerusalem has never been equaled under all heaven! 9:13 Just as it is written in the law of Moses, so all this calamity has come on us. Still we have not tried to pacify ⁵³  the LORD our God by turning back from our sin and by seeking wisdom ⁵⁴  from your reliable moral standards. ⁵⁵  9:14 The LORD was mindful of the calamity, and he brought it on us. For the LORD our God is just ⁵⁶  in all he has done, ⁵⁷  and we have not obeyed him. ⁵⁸ 

Luke 21:24

21:24 They ⁵⁹  will fall by the edge ⁶⁰  of the sword and be led away as captives ⁶¹  among all nations. Jerusalem ⁶²  will be trampled down by the Gentiles until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled. ⁶³ 

[26:34]  ¹ tn There are two Hebrew roots רָצָה (ratsah), one meaning “to be pleased with; to take pleasure” (HALOT 1280-81 s.v. רצה; cf. “enjoy” in NASB, NIV, NRSV, and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 452), and the other meaning “to restore” (HALOT 1281-82 s.v. II רצה; cf. NAB “retrieve” and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 189).

[26:35]  ² tn Heb “it shall rest which it did not rest.”

[26:36]  ³ tn Heb “And.”

[26:37]  ⁴ tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) is used in a concessive sense here.

[26:37]  ⁵ tn The term rendered “to stand up” is a noun, not an infinitive. It occurs only here and appears to designate someone who would take a powerful stand for them against their enemies.

[26:39]  ⁶ tn Heb “in” (so KJV, ASV; also later in this verse).

[26:39]  ⁷ tn Heb “fathers’” (also in the following verse).

[26:40]  ⁸ tn Heb “And.” Many English versions take this to be a conditional clause (“if…”) though there is no conditional particle (see, e.g., NASB, NIV, NRSV; but see the very different rendering in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 190). The temporal translation offered here (“when”) takes into account the particle אָז (’az, “then”), which occurs twice in v. 41. The obvious contextual contrast between vv. 39 and 40 is expressed by “however” in the translation.

[26:40]  ⁹ tn Heb “in their trespassing which they trespassed in me.” See the note on Lev 5:15, although the term is used in a more technical sense there in relation to the “guilt offering.”

[26:40]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and also which they walked.”

[26:40]  ¹¹ tn Heb “with me.”

[26:41]  ¹² tn Heb “or then,” although the LXX has “then” and the Syriac “and then.”

[26:41]  ¹³ tn Heb “and then they make up for.” On the verb “make up for” see the note on v. 34 above.

[26:42]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “my covenant with Abraham I will remember.” The phrase “I will remember” has not been repeated in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[26:43]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “from them.” The preposition “from” refers here to the agent of the action (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 455).

[26:43]  ¹⁶ tn The jussive form of the verb with the simple vav (ו) here calls for a translation that expresses purpose.

[26:43]  ¹⁷ tn The verb is the Hophal infinitive construct with the third feminine singular suffix (GKC 182 §67.y; cf. v. 34).

[26:43]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “from them.”

[26:43]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “because and in because,” a double expression, which is used only here and in Ezek 13:10 (without the vav) for emphasis (GKC 492 §158.b).

[26:43]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and their soul has abhorred.”

[4:26]  ²¹ sn I invoke heaven and earth as witnesses against you. This stock formula introduces what is known form-critically as a רִיב (riv) or controversy pattern. It is commonly used in the ancient Near Eastern world in legal contexts and in the OT as a forensic or judicial device to draw attention to Israel’s violation of the Lord’s covenant with them (see Deut 30:19; Isa 1:2; 3:13; Jer 2:9). Since court proceedings required the testimony of witnesses, the Lord here summons heaven and earth (that is, all creation) to testify to his faithfulness, Israel’s disobedience, and the threat of judgment.

[4:26]  ²² tn Or “be destroyed”; KJV “utterly perish”; NLT “will quickly disappear”; CEV “you won’t have long to live.”

[4:26]  ²³ tn Or “be completely” (so NCV, TEV). It is not certain here if the infinitive absolute indicates the certainty of the following action (cf. NIV) or its degree.

[4:27]  ²⁴ tn Heb “you will be left men (i.e., few) of number.”

[28:36]  ²⁵ tc The LXX reads the plural “kings.”

[28:66]  ²⁶ tn Heb “you will not be confident in your life.” The phrase “from one day to the next” is implied by the following verse.

[29:24]  ²⁷ tn Heb “this great burning of anger”; KJV “the heat of this great anger.”

[29:26]  ²⁸ tn Heb “did not assign to them”; NASB, NRSV “had not allotted to them.”

[29:27]  ²⁹ tn Heb “the entire curse.”

[29:2]  ³⁰ tn The Hebrew text includes “to your eyes,” but this is redundant in English style (cf. the preceding “you have seen”) and is omitted in the translation.

[17:18]  ³¹ tn Or “instruction.” The LXX reads here τὸ δευτερονόμιον τοῦτο (to deuteronomion touto, “this second law”). From this Greek phrase the present name of the book, “Deuteronomy” or “second law” (i.e., the second giving of the law), is derived. However, the MT’s expression מִשְׁנֶה הַתּוֹרָה הַזֹּאת (mishneh hattorah hazzo’t) is better rendered “copy of this law.” Here the term תּוֹרָה (torah) probably refers only to the book of Deuteronomy and not to the whole Pentateuch.

[17:18]  ³² tn The Hebrew term סֵפֶר (sefer) means a “writing” or “document” and could be translated “book” (so KJV, ASV, TEV). However, since “book” carries the connotation of a modern bound book with pages (an obvious anachronism) it is preferable to render the Hebrew term “scroll” here and elsewhere.

[17:1]  ³³ tn Heb “to the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.

[17:1]  ³⁴ tn The Hebrew word תּוֹעֵבָה (to’evah, “an abomination”; cf. NAB) describes persons, things, or practices offensive to ritual or moral order. See M. Grisanti, NIDOTTE 4:314-18; see also the note on the word “abhorrent” in Deut 7:25.

[17:2]  ³⁵ tn Heb “gates.”

[17:2]  ³⁶ tn Heb “does the evil in the eyes of the Lord your God.”

[15:21]  ³⁷ tn Heb “any evil blemish”; NASB “any (+ other NAB, TEV) serious defect.”

[9:7]  ³⁸ tn Heb “to you (belongs) righteousness.”

[9:7]  ³⁹ tn Heb “and to us (belongs) shame of face like this day.”

[9:7]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “men.”

[9:8]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “to us (belongs) shame of face.”

[9:9]  ⁴² tn Heb “to the Lord our God (belong) compassion and forgiveness.”

[9:10]  ⁴³ tn Heb “paid attention to the voice of,” which is an idiomatic expression for obedience (cf. NASB “nor have we obeyed the voice of”).

[9:10]  ⁴⁴ tn Heb “to walk in.”

[9:10]  ⁴⁵ tc The LXX and Vulgate have the singular.

[9:11]  ⁴⁶ tn Or “transgressed.” The Hebrew verb has the primary sense of crossing a boundary, in this case, God’s law.

[9:11]  ⁴⁷ tn Heb “by not paying attention to your voice.”

[9:11]  ⁴⁸ tn Heb “the curse and the oath which is written.” The term “curse” refers here to the judgments threatened in the Mosaic law (see Deut 28) for rebellion. The expression “the curse and the oath” is probably a hendiadys (cf. Num 5:21; Neh 10:29) referring to the fact that the covenant with its threatened judgments was ratified by solemn oath and made legally binding upon the covenant community.

[9:11]  ⁴⁹ tn Heb “him.”

[9:12]  ⁵⁰ tn Heb “he has fulfilled his word(s) which he spoke.”

[9:12]  ⁵¹ tn Heb “our judges.”

[9:12]  ⁵² tn Heb “who judged.”

[9:13]  ⁵³ tn Heb “we have not pacified the face of.”

[9:13]  ⁵⁴ tn Or “by gaining insight.”

[9:13]  ⁵⁵ tn Heb “by your truth.” The Hebrew term does not refer here to abstract truth, however, but to the reliable moral guidance found in the covenant law. See vv 10-11.

[9:14]  ⁵⁶ tn Or “righteous.”

[9:14]  ⁵⁷ tn Heb “in all his deeds which he has done.”

[9:14]  ⁵⁸ tn Heb “we have not listened to his voice.”

[21:24]  ⁵⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[21:24]  ⁶⁰ tn Grk “by the mouth of the sword” (an idiom for the edge of a sword).

[21:24]  ⁶¹ sn Here is the predicted judgment against the nation until the time of Gentile rule has passed: Its people will be led away as captives.

[21:24]  ⁶² tn Grk “And Jerusalem.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[21:24]  ⁶³ sn Until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled implies a time when Israel again has a central role in God’s plan.