Leviticus 10:17

10:17 “Why did you not eat the sin offering in the sanctuary? For it is most holy and he gave it to you to bear the iniquity of the congregation, ¹  to make atonement on their behalf before the Lord.

Leviticus 19:20

Lying with a Slave Woman

19:20 “‘When a man has sexual intercourse with a woman, ²  although she is a slave woman designated for another man and she has not yet been ransomed, or freedom has not been granted to her, there will be an obligation to pay compensation. ³  They must not be put to death, because she was not free.

Leviticus 20:3

20:3 I myself will set my face ⁴  against that man and cut him off from the midst of his people, ⁵  because he has given some of his children to Molech and thereby defiled my sanctuary and profaned my holy name. ⁶ 

Leviticus 23:10

23:10 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them, ‘When you enter the land that I am about to give to you and you gather in its harvest, ⁷  then you must bring the sheaf of the first portion of your harvest ⁸  to the priest,

[10:17]  ¹ sn This translation is quite literal. On the surface it appears to mean that the priests would “bear the iniquity” of the congregation by the act of eating the sin offering (so J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:622-25, 635-40). Such a notion is, however, found nowhere else in the Levitical regulations and seems unlikely (so J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 136). A more likely interpretation is reflected in this interpretive rendering: “he gave it to you [as payment] for [your work of] bearing the iniquity of the congregation.” The previous section of the chapter deals with the prebends that the priests received for performing the ministry of the tabernacle (Lev 10:12-15). Lev 10:16-18, therefore, seems to continue the very same topic in the light of the most immediate situation (see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:702-4).

[19:20]  ² tn Heb “And a man when he lies with a woman the lying of seed.”

[19:20]  ³ sn That is, the woman had previously been assigned for marriage to another man but the marriage deal had not yet been consummated. In the meantime, the woman has lost her virginity and has, therefore, lost part of her value to the master in the sale to the man for whom she had been designated. Compensation was, therefore, required (see the explanation in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 130-31).

[20:3]  ³ tn Heb “And I, I shall give my faces.”

[20:3]  ⁴ sn On the “cut off” penalty see the notes on Lev 7:20 and 17:4.

[20:3]  ⁵ tn Heb “for the sake of defiling my sanctuary and to profane my holy name.”

[23:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “and you harvest its harvest.”

[23:10]  ⁵ tn Heb “the sheaf of the first of your harvest.”