Leviticus 12:6

12:6 “‘When ¹  the days of her purification are completed for a son or for a daughter, she must bring a one year old lamb ²  for a burnt offering ³  and a young pigeon or turtledove for a sin offering ⁴  to the entrance of the Meeting Tent, to the priest.

Leviticus 14:10

The Eighth Day Atonement Rituals

14:10 “On the eighth day he ⁵  must take two flawless male lambs, one flawless yearling female lamb, three-tenths of an ephah of choice wheat flour as a grain offering mixed with olive oil, ⁶  and one log of olive oil, ⁷ 

Leviticus 16:34

16:34 This is to be a perpetual statute for you ⁸  to make atonement for the Israelites for ⁹  all their sins once a year.” ¹⁰  So he did just as the Lord had commanded Moses. ¹¹ 

Leviticus 19:23

The Produce of Fruit Trees

19:23 “‘When you enter the land and plant any fruit tree, ¹²  you must consider its fruit to be forbidden. ¹³  Three years it will be forbidden to you; ¹⁴  it must not be eaten.

Leviticus 23:18

23:18 Along with the loaves of bread, ¹⁵  you must also present seven flawless yearling lambs, ¹⁶  one young bull, ¹⁷  and two rams. ¹⁸  They are to be a burnt offering to the Lord along with their grain offering ¹⁹  and drink offerings, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord. ²⁰ 

Leviticus 25:28

25:28 If he has not prospered enough to refund ²¹  a balance to him, then what he sold ²²  will belong to ²³  the one who bought it until the jubilee year, but it must revert ²⁴  in the jubilee and the original owner ²⁵  may return to his property.

Leviticus 25:30

25:30 If it is not redeemed before the full calendar year is ended, ²⁶  the house in the walled city ²⁷  will belong without reclaim ²⁸  to the one who bought it throughout his generations; it will not revert in the jubilee.

[12:6]  ¹ tn Heb “And when” (so KJV, NASB). Many recent English versions leave the conjunction untranslated.

[12:6]  ² tn Heb “a lamb the son of his year”; KJV “a lamb of the first year” (NRSV “in its first year”); NAB “a yearling lamb.”

[12:6]  ³ sn See the note on Lev 1:3 regarding the “burnt offering.”

[12:6]  ⁴ sn See the note on Lev 4:3 regarding the term “sin offering.”

[14:10]  ⁵ tn The subject “he” probably refers to the formerly diseased person in this case (see the notes on Lev 1:5a, 6a, and 9a).

[14:10]  ⁶ tn This term is often rendered “fine flour,” but it refers specifically to wheat as opposed to barley (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 10) and, although the translation “flour” is used here, it may indicate “grits” rather than finely ground flour (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:179; see the note on Lev 2:1). The unit of measure is most certainly an “ephah” even though it is not stated explicitly (see, e.g., Num 28:5; cf. 15:4, 6, 8), and three-tenths of an ephah would amount to about a gallon, or perhaps one-third of a bushel (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 196; Milgrom, 845). Since the normal amount of flour for a lamb is one-tenth of an ephah (Num 28:4-5; cf. 15:4), three-tenths is about right for the three lambs offered in Lev 14:10-20.

[14:10]  ⁷ tn A “log” (לֹג, log) of oil is about one-sixth of a liter, or one-third of a pint, or two-thirds of a cup.

[16:34]  ⁹ tn Heb “And this shall be for you to a statute of eternity” (cf. v. 29a above). cf. NASB “a permanent statute”; NIV “a lasting ordinance.”

[16:34]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “from”; see note on 4:26.

[16:34]  ¹¹ tn Heb “one [feminine] in the year.”

[16:34]  ¹² tn The MT of Lev 16:34b reads literally, “and he did just as the Lord had commanded Moses.” This has been retained here in spite of the fact that it suggests that Aaron immediately performed the rituals outlined in Lev 16 (see, e.g., J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 224 and 243; J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:1059; note that Aaron was the one to whom Moses was to speak the regulations in this chapter, v. 2). The problem is that the chapter presents these procedures as regulations for “the tenth day of the seventh month” and calls for their fulfillment at that time (Lev 16:29; cf. Lev 23:26-32 and the remarks in P. J. Budd, Leviticus [NCBC], 237), not during the current (first) month (Exod 40:2; note also that they left Sinai in the second month, long before the next seventh month, Num 10:11). The LXX translates, “once in the year it shall be done as the Lord commanded Moses,” attaching “once in the year” to this clause rather than the former one, and rendering the verb as passive, “it shall be done” (cf. NAB, NIV, etc.). We have already observed the passive use of active verbs in this context (see the note on v. 32 above). The RSV (cf. also the NRSV, TEV, CEV, NLT) translates, “And Moses did as the Lord commanded him,” ignoring the fact that the name Moses in the Hebrew text has the direct object indicator. Passive verbs, however, regularly take subjects with direct object indicators (see, e.g., v. 27 above). The NIV renders it “And it was done, as the Lord commanded Moses,” following the LXX passive translation. The NASB translates, “And just as the Lord had commanded Moses, so he did,” transposing the introductory verb to the end of the sentence and supplying “so” in order to make it fit the context.

[19:23]  ¹³ tn Heb “tree of food”; KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV “trees for food.”

[19:23]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “you shall circumcise its fruit [as] its foreskin,” taking the fruit to be that which is to be removed and, therefore, forbidden. Since the fruit is uncircumcised it is forbidden (see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 306, and esp. B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 131-32).

[19:23]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “it shall be to you uncircumcised.”

[23:18]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “And you shall present on the bread.”

[23:18]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “seven flawless lambs, sons of a year.”

[23:18]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “and one bull, a son of a herd.”

[23:18]  ²⁰ tc Smr and LXX add “flawless.”

[23:18]  ²¹ tn Heb “and their grain offering.”

[23:18]  ²² sn See the note on Lev 1:9.

[25:28]  ²¹ tn Heb “And if his hand has not found sufficiency of returning.” Although some versions take this to mean that he has not made enough to regain the land (e.g., NASB, NRSV; see also B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 176), the combination of terms in Hebrew corresponds to the portion of v. 27 that refers specifically to refunding the money (cf. v. 27; see NIV and G. J. Wenham, Leviticus [NICOT], 315).

[25:28]  ²² tn Heb “his sale.”

[25:28]  ²³ tn Heb “will be in the hand of.” This refers to the temporary control of the one who purchased its produce until the next year of jubilee, at which time it would revert to the original owner.

[25:28]  ²⁴ tn Heb “it shall go out” (so KJV, ASV; see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 176).

[25:28]  ²⁵ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the original owner of the land) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:30]  ²⁵ tn Heb “until fulfilling to it a complete year.’

[25:30]  ²⁶ tn Heb “the house which [is] in the city which to it [is] a wall.” The Kethib has לֹא (lo’, “no, not”) rather than לוֹ (lo, “to it”) which is the Qere.

[25:30]  ²⁷ tn See the note on v. 23 above.