Leviticus 14:19

14:19 “The priest must then perform the sin offering ¹  and make atonement for the one being cleansed from his impurity. After that he ²  is to slaughter the burnt offering,

Leviticus 14:30

14:30 “He will then make one of the turtledoves ³  or young pigeons, which are within his means, ⁴ 

Leviticus 9:7

9:7 Moses then said to Aaron, “Approach the altar and make your sin offering and your burnt offering, and make atonement on behalf of yourself and on behalf of the people; ⁵  and also make the people’s offering and make atonement on behalf of them just as the Lord has commanded.”

Leviticus 4:2

4:2 “Tell the Israelites, ‘When a person sins by straying unintentionally ⁶  from any of the Lord’s commandments which must not be violated, and violates any ⁷  one of them ⁸  –

Leviticus 4:20

4:20 He must do with the rest of the bull just as he did with the bull of the sin offering; this is what he must do with it. ⁹  So the priest will make atonement ¹⁰  on their behalf and they will be forgiven. ¹¹ 

Leviticus 4:22

For the Leader

4:22 “‘Whenever ¹²  a leader, by straying unintentionally, ¹³  sins and violates one of the commandments of the Lord his God which must not be violated, ¹⁴  and he pleads guilty,

Leviticus 15:15

15:15 and the priest is to make one of them a sin offering ¹⁵  and the other a burnt offering. ¹⁶  So the priest ¹⁷  is to make atonement for him before the Lord for ¹⁸  his discharge.

Leviticus 15:30

15:30 and the priest is to make one a sin offering and the other a burnt offering. ¹⁹  So the priest ²⁰  is to make atonement for her before the Lord from her discharge of impurity.

Leviticus 16:15

16:15 “He must then slaughter the sin offering goat which is for the people. He is to bring its blood inside the veil-canopy, ²¹  and he is to do with its blood just as he did to the blood of the bull: He is to sprinkle it on the atonement plate and in front of the atonement plate.

Leviticus 16:24

16:24 Then he must bathe his body in water in a holy place, put on his clothes, and go out and make his burnt offering and the people’s burnt offering. So he is to make atonement ²²  on behalf of himself and the people. ²³ 

[14:19]  ¹ tn Heb “do [or “make”] the sin offering.”

[14:19]  ² tn Heb “And after[ward] he [i.e., the offerer] shall slaughter.” The LXX adds “the priest” as the subject of the verb (as do several English versions, e.g., NAB, NIV, NCV, NLT), but the offerer is normally the one who does the actually slaughtering of the sacrificial animal (cf. the notes on Lev 1:5a, 6a, and 9a).

[14:30]  ³ tn Heb “the one from the turtledoves.”

[14:30]  ⁴ tc Heb “from which his hand reaches.” The repetition of virtually the same expression at the beginning of v. 31 in the MT is probably due to dittography (cf. the LXX and Syriac). However, the MT may be retained if it is understood as “one of the turtledoves or young pigeons that are within his means – whichever he can afford” (see J. Milgrom’s translation in Leviticus [AB], 1:828, contra his commentary, 862; cf. REB).

[9:7]  ⁵ tn Instead of “on behalf of the people,” the LXX has “on behalf of your house” as in the Hebrew text of Lev 16:6, 11, 17. Many commentaries follow the LXX here (e.g., J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:578; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 118) as do a few English versions (e.g., NAB), but others argue that, as on the Day of Atonement (Lev 16), the offerings of the priests also effected the people, even though there was still the need to have special offerings made on behalf of the people as reflected in the second half of the verse (e.g., B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 56).

[4:2]  ⁷ tn Heb “And a person, when he sins in straying.” The English translation of “by straying” (בִּשְׁגָגָה [bishgagah] literally, “in going astray; in making an error”) varies greatly, but almost all suggest that this term refers to sins that were committed by mistake or done not knowing that the particular act was sinful (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:228-29). See, e.g., LXX “involuntarily”; Tg. Onq. “by neglect”; KJV “through ignorance”; ASV, RSV, NJPS “unwittingly”; NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “unintentionally”; NAB, NEB “inadvertently”; NCV “by accident.” However, we know from Num 15:27-31 that committing a sin “by straying” is the opposite of committing a sin “defiantly” (i.e., בְּיַד רָמָה [bÿyad ramah] “with a raised hand,” v. 30). In the latter case the person, as it were, raises his fist in presumptuous defiance against the Lord. Thus, he “blasphemes” the Lord and has “despised” his word, for which he should be “cut off from among his people” (Num 15:30-31). One could not bring an offering for such a sin. The expression here in Lev 4:2 combines “by straying” with the preposition “from” which fits naturally with “straying” (i.e., “straying from” the Lord’s commandments). For sins committed “by straying” from the commandments (Lev 4 throughout) or other types of transgressions (Lev 5:1-6) there was indeed forgiveness available through the sin offering. See R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:94-95.

[4:2]  ⁸ tn This is an emphatic use of the preposition מִן (min; see R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, 56-57, §325).

[4:2]  ⁹ tn The “when” clause (כִּי, ki) breaks off here before its resolution, thus creating an open-ended introduction to the following subsections, which are introduced by “if” (אִם [’im] vv. 3, 13, 27, 32). Also, the last part of the verse reads literally, “which must not be done and does from one from them.”

[4:20]  ⁹ sn Cf. Lev 4:11-12 above for the disposition of “the [rest of] the bull.”

[4:20]  ¹⁰ sn The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).

[4:20]  ¹¹ tn Heb “there shall be forgiveness to them” or “it shall be forgiven to them.”

[4:22]  ¹¹ tn This section begins with the relative pronoun אֲשֶׁר (’asher) which usually means “who” or “which,” but here means “whenever.”

[4:22]  ¹² tn See the Lev 4:2 note on “straying.”

[4:22]  ¹³ tn Heb “and does one from all the commandments of the Lord his God which must not be done”; cf. NRSV “ought not to be done”; NIV “does what is forbidden in any of the commands.”

[15:15]  ¹³ sn See the note on Lev 4:3 regarding the term “sin offering.”

[15:15]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and the priest shall make them one a sin offering and the one a burnt offering.” See the note on Lev 1:3 regarding the “burnt offering.”

[15:15]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “And the priest.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.

[15:15]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “from”; see the note on 4:26.

[15:30]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “And the priest shall make the one a sin offering and the one a burnt offering.”

[15:30]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “And the priest.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.

[16:15]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “and he shall bring its blood into from house to the veil-canopy.”

[16:24]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “And he shall make atonement.”

[16:24]  ²⁰ tn Heb “on behalf of himself and on behalf of the people.” After “on behalf of himself” the LXX adds the expected “and on behalf of his household” (cf. vv. 6, 11, and 17).