Discovery BoxLeviticus 17:4
Context17:4 but has not brought it to the entrance of the Meeting Tent 1 to present it as 2 an offering to the Lord before the tabernacle of the Lord. He has shed blood, so that man will be cut off from the midst of his people. 3
Leviticus 17:10
Context17:10 “‘Any man 4 from the house of Israel or from the foreigners who reside 5 in their 6 midst who eats any blood, I will set my face against that person who eats the blood, and I will cut him off from the midst of his people, 7
Leviticus 17:13
Context17:13 “‘Any man from the Israelites 8 or from the foreigners who reside 9 in their 10 midst who hunts a wild animal 11 or a bird that may be eaten 12 must pour out its blood and cover it with soil,
Leviticus 19:20
Context19:20 “‘When a man has sexual intercourse with a woman, 13 although she is a slave woman designated for another man and she has not yet been ransomed, or freedom has not been granted to her, there will be an obligation to pay compensation. 14 They must not be put to death, because she was not free.
Leviticus 20:2
Context20:2 “You are to say to the Israelites, ‘Any man from the Israelites or from the foreigners who reside in Israel 15 who gives any of his children 16 to Molech 17 must be put to death; the people of the land must pelt him with stones. 18
Leviticus 22:18
Context22:18 “Speak to Aaron, his sons, and all the Israelites and tell them, ‘When any man 19 from the house of Israel or from the foreigners in Israel 20 presents his offering for any of the votive or freewill offerings which they present to the Lord as a burnt offering,
Leviticus 25:10
Context25:10 So you must consecrate the fiftieth year, 21 and you must proclaim a release 22 in the land for all its inhabitants. That year will be your jubilee; 23 each one of you must return 24 to his property and each one of you must return to his clan.
[17:4] 1 tn Smr and LXX add after “tent of meeting” the following: “to make it a burnt offering or a peace offering to the
[17:4] 2 tc Smr includes the suffix “it,” which is needed in any case in the translation to conform to English style.
[17:4] 3 sn The exact meaning of this penalty clause is not certain. It could mean (1) that he will be executed, whether by God or by man, (2) that he will be excommunicated from sanctuary worship and/or community benefits, or (3) that his line will be terminated by God (i.e., extirpation). See also the note on Lev 7:20.
[17:10] 4 tn Heb “And man, man.” The repetition of the word “man” is distributive, meaning “any (or every) man” (GKC 395-96 §123.c; cf. Lev 15:2).
[17:10] 5 tn Heb “from the sojourner who sojourns.”
[17:10] 6 tc The LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate have “your” (plural) rather than “their.”
[17:10] 7 tn Heb “I will give my faces against [literally “in”] the soul/person/life [נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh, feminine] who eats the blood and I will cut it [i.e., that נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh] off from the midst of its people.” The uses of נֶפֶשׁ in this and the following verse are most significant for the use of animal blood in Israel’s sacrificial system. Unfortunately, it is a most difficult word to translate accurately and consistently, and this presents a major problem for the rendering of these verses (see, e.g., G. J. Wenham, Leviticus [NICOT], 244-45). No matter which translation of נֶפֶשׁ one uses here, it is important to see that both man and animal have נֶפֶשׁ and that this נֶפֶשׁ is identified with the blood. See the further remarks on v. 11 below. On the “cutting off” penalty see the note on v. 4 above. In this instance, God takes it on himself to “cut off” the person (i.e., extirpation).
[17:13] 7 tc A few medieval Hebrew
[17:13] 8 tn Heb “from the sojourner who sojourns.”
[17:13] 9 tc The LXX, Syriac, Vulgate, and certain
[17:13] 10 tn Heb “[wild] game of animal.”
[17:13] 11 tn That is, it must be a clean animal, not an unclean animal (cf. Lev 11).
[19:20] 10 tn Heb “And a man when he lies with a woman the lying of seed.”
[19:20] 11 sn That is, the woman had previously been assigned for marriage to another man but the marriage deal had not yet been consummated. In the meantime, the woman has lost her virginity and has, therefore, lost part of her value to the master in the sale to the man for whom she had been designated. Compensation was, therefore, required (see the explanation in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 130-31).
[20:2] 13 tn Heb “or from the sojourner who sojourns”; NAB “an alien residing in Israel.”
[20:2] 14 tn Heb “his seed” (so KJV, ASV); likewise in vv. 3-4.
[20:2] 15 tn Regarding Molech and Molech worship see the note on Lev 18:21.
[20:2] 16 tn This is not the most frequently-used Hebrew verb for stoning (see instead סָקַל, saqal), but a word that refers to the action of throwing, slinging, or pelting someone with stones (רָגָם, ragam; see HALOT 1187 s.v. רגם qal.a, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 136).
[22:18] 16 tn Heb “Man, man.” The reduplication is a way of saying “any man” (cf. Lev 15:2; 17:3, etc.; see the distributive repetition of the noun in GKC 395-96 §123.c).
[22:18] 17 tn Heb “and from the foreigner [singular] in Israel.” Some medieval Hebrew
[25:10] 19 tn Heb “the year of the fifty years,” or perhaps “the year, fifty years” (GKC 435 §134.o, note 2).
[25:10] 20 tn Cf. KJV, ASV, NAB, NIV, NRSV “liberty”; TEV, CEV “freedom.” The characteristics of this “release” are detailed in the following verses. For substantial summaries and bibliography on the biblical and ancient Near Eastern material regarding such a “release” see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 427-34, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus (JPSTC), 270-74.
[25:10] 21 tn Heb “A jubilee that shall be to you.” Although there has been some significant debate about the original meaning of the Hebrew word translated “jubilee” (יוֹבֵל, yovel; see the summary in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 434), the term most likely means “ram” and can refer also to a “ram’s horn.” The fiftieth year would, therefore, be called the “jubilee” because of the associated sounding of the “ram’s horn” (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 172, and the literature cited there).
