Leviticus 18:24

Warning against the Abominations of the Nations

18:24 “‘Do not defile yourselves with any of these things, for the nations which I am about to drive out before you ¹  have been defiled with all these things.

Leviticus 11:31

11:31 These are the ones that are unclean to you among all the swarming things. Anyone who touches them when they die will be unclean until evening.

Leviticus 23:4

The Festival of Passover and Unleavened Bread

23:4 “‘These are the Lord’s appointed times, holy assemblies, which you must proclaim at their appointed time.

Leviticus 26:18

26:18 “‘If, in spite of all these things, ²  you do not obey me, I will discipline you seven times more on account of your sins. ³ 

Leviticus 27:34

Final Colophon

27:34 These are the commandments which the Lord commanded Moses to tell the Israelites ⁴  at Mount Sinai.

Leviticus 5:1

Additional Sin Offering Regulations

5:1 “‘When a person sins ⁵  in that he hears a public curse against one who fails to testify ⁶  and he is a witness (he either saw or knew what had happened ⁷ ) and he does not make it known, ⁸  then he will bear his punishment for iniquity. ⁹ 

Leviticus 11:13

Clean and Unclean Birds

11:13 “‘These you are to detest from among the birds – they must not be eaten, because they are detestable: ¹⁰  the griffon vulture, the bearded vulture, the black vulture,

Leviticus 11:22

11:22 These you may eat from them: ¹¹  the locust of any kind, the bald locust of any kind, the cricket of any kind, the grasshopper of any kind.

Leviticus 20:23

20:23 You must not walk in the statutes of the nation ¹²  which I am about to drive out before you, because they have done all these things and I am filled with disgust against them.

Leviticus 21:14

21:14 He must not marry ¹³  a widow, a divorced woman, or one profaned by prostitution; he may only take a virgin from his people ¹⁴  as a wife.

Leviticus 22:25

22:25 Even from a foreigner ¹⁵  you must not present the food of your God from such animals as these, for they are ruined and flawed; ¹⁶  they will not be acceptable for your benefit.’”

Leviticus 23:2

23:2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them, ‘These are the Lord’s appointed times which you must proclaim as holy assemblies – my appointed times: ¹⁷ 

Leviticus 23:37

23:37 “‘These are the appointed times of the Lord that you must proclaim as holy assemblies to present a gift to the Lord – burnt offering, grain offering, sacrifice, and drink offerings, ¹⁸  each day according to its regulation, ¹⁹ 

Leviticus 26:46

Summary Colophon

26:46 These are the statutes, regulations, and instructions which the Lord established ²⁰  between himself and the Israelites at Mount Sinai through ²¹  Moses.

Leviticus 22:22

22:22 “‘You must not present to the Lord something blind, or with a broken bone, or mutilated, or with a running sore, ²²  or with a festering eruption, or with a feverish rash. ²³  You must not give any of these as a gift ²⁴  on the altar to the Lord.

[18:24]  ¹ tn Heb “which I am sending away (Piel participle of שָׁלַח [shalakh, “to send”]) from your faces.” The rendering here takes the participle as anticipatory of the coming conquest events.

[26:18]  ² tn Heb “And if until these.”

[26:18]  ³ tn Heb “I will add to discipline you seven [times] on your sins.”

[27:34]  ³ tn Most of the commentaries and English versions translate, “which the Lord commanded Moses for the children of Israel.” The preposition אֶל (’el), however, does not usually mean “for.” In this book it is commonly used when the Lord commands Moses “to speak [un]to” a person or group of persons (see, e.g., Lev 1:2; 4:2, etc.). The translation “to tell” here reflects this pattern in the book of Leviticus.

[5:1]  ⁴ tn Heb “And a person when he sins.” Most English versions translate this as the protasis of a conditional clause: “if a person sins” (NASB, NIV).

[5:1]  ⁵ tn The words “against one who fails to testify” are not in the Hebrew text, but have been supplied to make sense of the remark about the “curse” (“imprecation” or “oath”; cf. ASV “adjuration”; NIV “public charge”) for the modern reader. For the interpretation of this verse reflected in the present translation see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:292-97.

[5:1]  ⁶ tn The words “what had happened” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.

[5:1]  ⁷ tn Heb “and hears a voice of curse, and he is a witness or he saw or he knew, if he does not declare.”

[5:1]  ⁸ tn Heb “and he shall bear his iniquity.” The rendering “bear the punishment (for the iniquity)” reflects the use of the word “iniquity” to refer to the punishment for iniquity (cf. NRSV, NLT “subject to punishment”). It is sometimes referred to as the consequential use of the term (cf. Lev 5:17; 7:18; 10:17; etc.).

[11:13]  ⁵ tn For zoological remarks on the following list of birds see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:662-64; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 159-60.

[11:22]  ⁶ tn For entomological remarks on the following list of insects see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:665-66; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus (WBC), 160-61.

[20:23]  ⁷ tc One medieval Hebrew ms, Smr, and all the major ancient versions have the plural “nations.” Some English versions retain the singular (e.g., KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV); others have the plural “nations” (e.g., NAB, NIV) and still others translate as “people” (e.g., TEV, NLT).

[21:14]  ⁸ tn Heb “take.” In context this means “take as wife,” i.e., “marry.”

[21:14]  ⁹ tc The MT has literally, “from his peoples,” but Smr, LXX, Syriac, Targum, and Tg. Ps.-J. have “from his people,” referring to the Israelites as a whole.

[22:25]  ⁹ tn Heb “And from the hand of a son of a foreigner.”

[22:25]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “for their being ruined [is] in them, flaw is in them”; NRSV “are mutilated, with a blemish in them”; NIV “are deformed and have defects.” The MT term מָשְׁחָתָם (moshkhatam, “their being ruined”) is a Muqtal form (= Hophal participle) from שָׁחַת (shakhat, “to ruin”). Smr has plural בהם משׁחתים (“deformities in them”; cf. the LXX translation). The Qumran Leviticus scroll (11QpaleoLev) has תימ הם[…], in which case the restored participle would appear to be the same as Smr, but there is no בְּ (bet) preposition before the pronoun, yielding “they are deformed” (see D. N. Freedman and K. A. Mathews, The Paleo-Hebrew Leviticus Scroll, 41 and the remarks in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 358).

[23:2]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “these are them, my appointed times.”

[23:37]  ¹¹ tn The LXX has “[their] burnt offerings, and their sacrifices, and their drink offerings.”

[23:37]  ¹² tn Heb “a matter of a day in its day”; NAB “as prescribed for each day”; NRSV, NLT “each on its proper day.”

[26:46]  ¹² tn Heb “gave” (so NLT); KJV, ASV, NCV “made.”

[26:46]  ¹³ tn Heb “by the hand of” (so KJV).

[22:22]  ¹³ tn Or perhaps “a wart” (cf. NIV; HALOT 383 s.v. יַבֶּלֶת, but see the remarks in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 358).

[22:22]  ¹⁴ sn See the note on Lev 21:20 above.

[22:22]  ¹⁵ sn This term for offering “gift” is explained in the note on Lev 1:9.