Leviticus 27:32

27:32 All the tithe of herd or flock, everything which passes under the rod, the tenth one will be holy to the Lord. ¹ 

Leviticus 24:5

24:5 “You must take choice wheat flour ²  and bake twelve loaves; ³  there must be two tenths of an ephah of flour in ⁴  each loaf,

Leviticus 25:9

25:9 You must sound loud horn blasts ⁵  – in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, on the Day of Atonement – you must sound the horn in your entire land.

Leviticus 23:27

23:27 “The ⁶  tenth day of this seventh month is the Day of Atonement. ⁷  It is to be a holy assembly for you, and you must humble yourselves ⁸  and present a gift to the Lord.

Leviticus 23:17

23:17 From the places where you live you must bring two loaves of ⁹  bread for a wave offering; they must be made from two tenths of an ephah of fine wheat flour, baked with yeast, ¹⁰  as first fruits to the Lord.

Leviticus 5:11

5:11 “‘If he cannot afford ¹¹  two turtledoves or two young pigeons, ¹²  he must bring as his offering for his sin which he has committed ¹³  a tenth of an ephah ¹⁴  of choice wheat flour ¹⁵  for a sin offering. He must not place olive oil on it and he must not put frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering.

Leviticus 6:20

6:20 “This is the offering of Aaron and his sons which they must present to the Lord on the day when he is anointed: a tenth of an ephah ¹⁶  of choice wheat flour ¹⁷  as a continual grain offering, half of it in the morning and half of it in the evening.

Leviticus 14:10

The Eighth Day Atonement Rituals

14:10 “On the eighth day he ¹⁸  must take two flawless male lambs, one flawless yearling female lamb, three-tenths of an ephah of choice wheat flour as a grain offering mixed with olive oil, ¹⁹  and one log of olive oil, ²⁰ 

Leviticus 14:21

The Eighth Day Atonement Rituals for the Poor Person

14:21 “If the person is poor and does not have sufficient means, ²¹  he must take one male lamb as a guilt offering for a wave offering to make atonement for himself, one-tenth of an ephah of choice wheat flour mixed with olive oil for a grain offering, a log of olive oil, ²² 

Leviticus 16:29

Review of the Day of Atonement

16:29 “This is to be a perpetual statute for you. ²³  In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you must humble yourselves ²⁴  and do no work of any kind, ²⁵  both the native citizen and the foreigner who resides ²⁶  in your midst,

Leviticus 23:13

23:13 along with its grain offering, two tenths of an ephah of ²⁷  choice wheat flour ²⁸  mixed with olive oil, as a gift to the Lord, a soothing aroma, ²⁹  and its drink offering, one fourth of a hin of wine. ³⁰ 

Leviticus 27:31

27:31 If a man redeems ³¹  part of his tithe, however, he must add one fifth to it. ³² 

Leviticus 27:30

Redemption of the Tithe

27:30 “‘Any tithe ³³  of the land, from the grain of the land or from the fruit of the trees, belongs to the Lord; it is holy to the Lord.

Leviticus 27:33

27:33 The owner ³⁴  must not examine the animals to distinguish between good and bad, and he must not exchange it. If, however, he does exchange it, ³⁵  both the original animal ³⁶  and its substitute will be holy. ³⁷  It must not be redeemed.’”

[27:32]  ¹ sn The tithed animal was the tenth one that passed under the shepherd’s rod or staff as they were being counted (see J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 485, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 200).

[24:5]  ² sn See the note on Lev 2:1.

[24:5]  ³ tn Heb “and bake it twelve loaves”; KJV, NAB, NASB “cakes.”

[24:5]  ⁴ tn The words “of flour” are supplied in the translation for clarity.

[25:9]  ³ sn On the “loud horn blasts” see the note on Lev 23:24, but unlike the language there, the Hebrew term for “horn” (שׁוֹפָר, shofar) actually appears here in this verse (twice).

[23:27]  ⁴ tn Heb “Surely the tenth day” or perhaps “Precisely the tenth day.” The Hebrew adverbial particle אַךְ (’akh) is left untranslated by most recent English versions; cf. however NASB “On exactly the tenth day.”

[23:27]  ⁵ sn See the description of this day and its regulations in Lev 16 and the notes there.

[23:27]  ⁶ tn Heb “you shall humble your souls.” See the note on Lev 16:29 above.

[23:17]  ⁵ tc Smr, LXX, Syriac, Tg. Onq., and Tg. Ps.-J. insert the word חַלּוֹת (khallot, “loaves”; cf. Lev 2:4 and the note there). Even though “loaves” is not explicit in the MT, the number “two” suggests that these are discrete units, not just a measure of flour, so “loaves” should be assumed even in the MT.

[23:17]  ⁶ tn Heb “with leaven.” The noun “leaven” is traditional in English versions (cf. KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV), but “yeast” is more commonly used today.

[5:11]  ⁶ tn Heb “and if his hand does not reach [or is not sufficient] to”; cf. NASB “if his means are insufficient for.” The expression is the same as that in Lev 5:7 above except for the verb: נָשַׂג (nasag, “to collect, to reach, to be sufficient”) is used here, but נָגַע (nagah, “to touch, to reach”) is used in v. 7. Smr has the former in both v. 7 and 11.

[5:11]  ⁷ tn See the note on Lev 1:14 above (cf. also 5:7).

[5:11]  ⁸ tn Heb “and he shall bring his offering which he sinned.” Like the similar expression in v. 7 above (see the note there), this is an abbreviated form of Lev 5:6, “and he shall bring his [penalty for] guilt to the Lord for his sin which he committed.” Here the words “to the Lord for his sin” have been left out, and “his [penalty for] guilt” has been changed to “his offering.”

[5:11]  ⁹ sn A tenth of an ephah would be about 2.3 liters, one day’s ration for a single person (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:306). English versions handle the amount somewhat differently, cf. NCV “about two quarts”; TEV “one kilogramme”; CEV “two pounds.”

[5:11]  ¹⁰ tn See the note on Lev 2:1 above.

[6:20]  ⁷ sn A tenth of an ephah is about 2.3 liters, one day’s ration for a single person (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:306).

[6:20]  ⁸ tn For the rendering “choice wheat flour” see the note on Lev 2:1.

[14:10]  ⁸ tn The subject “he” probably refers to the formerly diseased person in this case (see the notes on Lev 1:5a, 6a, and 9a).

[14:10]  ⁹ tn This term is often rendered “fine flour,” but it refers specifically to wheat as opposed to barley (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 10) and, although the translation “flour” is used here, it may indicate “grits” rather than finely ground flour (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:179; see the note on Lev 2:1). The unit of measure is most certainly an “ephah” even though it is not stated explicitly (see, e.g., Num 28:5; cf. 15:4, 6, 8), and three-tenths of an ephah would amount to about a gallon, or perhaps one-third of a bushel (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 196; Milgrom, 845). Since the normal amount of flour for a lamb is one-tenth of an ephah (Num 28:4-5; cf. 15:4), three-tenths is about right for the three lambs offered in Lev 14:10-20.

[14:10]  ¹⁰ tn A “log” (לֹג, log) of oil is about one-sixth of a liter, or one-third of a pint, or two-thirds of a cup.

[14:21]  ⁹ tn Heb “and his hand does not reach”; NAB, NRSV “and cannot afford so much (afford these NIV).”

[14:21]  ¹⁰ tn See the notes on v. 10 above.

[16:29]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “And it [feminine] shall be for you a perpetual statute.” Verse 34 begins with the same clause except for the missing demonstrative pronoun “this” here in v. 29. The LXX has “this” in both places and it suits the sense of the passage, although both the verb and the pronoun are sometimes missing in this clause elsewhere in the book (see, e.g., Lev 3:17).

[16:29]  ¹¹ tn Heb “you shall humble your souls.” The verb “to humble” here refers to various forms of self-denial, including but not limited to fasting (cf. Ps 35:13 and Isa 58:3, 10). The Mishnah (m. Yoma 8:1) lists abstentions from food and drink, bathing, using oil as an unguent to moisten the skin, wearing leather sandals, and sexual intercourse (cf. 2 Sam 12:16-17, 20; see the remarks in J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:1054; B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 109; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 242).

[16:29]  ¹² tn Heb “and all work you shall not do.”

[16:29]  ¹³ tn Heb “the native and the sojourner who sojourns.”

[23:13]  ¹¹ sn See the note on Lev 5:11.

[23:13]  ¹² sn See the note on Lev 2:1.

[23:13]  ¹³ sn See the note on Lev 1:9.

[23:13]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “wine, one fourth of the hin.” A pre-exilic hin is about 3.6 liters (= ca. 1 quart), so one fourth of a hin would be about one cup.

[27:31]  ¹² tn Heb “And if redeeming [infinitive absolute] a man redeems [finite verb].” For the infinitive absolute used to highlight contrast rather than emphasis see GKC 343 §113.p.

[27:31]  ¹³ tn Heb “its one fifth on it.”

[27:30]  ¹³ tn On the “tithe” system in Israel, see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:1035-55 and esp. pp. 1041-42 on Lev 27:30-33.

[27:33]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the owner of the animal) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[27:33]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “And if exchanging [infinitive absolute] he exchanges it [finite verb].” For the infinitive absolute used to highlight contrast rather than emphasis see GKC 343 §113.p.

[27:33]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “it and its substitute.” The referent (the original animal offered) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[27:33]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “it shall be and its substitute shall be holy.”