Leviticus 3:4

3:4 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). ¹ 

Leviticus 3:10

3:10 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). ² 

Leviticus 3:15

3:15 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). ³ 

Leviticus 4:9

4:9 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys) ⁴ 

Leviticus 7:4

7:4 the two kidneys and the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he must remove along with the kidneys). ⁵ 

Leviticus 8:16

8:16 Then he ⁶  took all the fat on the entrails, the protruding lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys and their fat, ⁷  and Moses offered it all up in smoke on the altar, ⁸ 

Leviticus 14:4

14:4 then the priest will command that two live clean birds, a piece of cedar wood, a scrap of crimson fabric, ⁹  and some twigs of hyssop ¹⁰  be taken up ¹¹  for the one being cleansed. ¹² 

Leviticus 16:1

The Day of Atonement

16:1 The Lord spoke to Moses after the death of Aaron’s two sons when they approached the presence of the Lord ¹³  and died,

Leviticus 20:11

20:11 If a man has sexual intercourse with his father’s wife, he has exposed his father’s nakedness. ¹⁴  Both of them must be put to death; their blood guilt is on themselves. ¹⁵ 

Leviticus 20:13

20:13 If a man has sexual intercourse with a male as one has sexual intercourse with a woman, ¹⁶  the two of them have committed an abomination. They must be put to death; their blood guilt is on themselves.

Leviticus 23:13

23:13 along with its grain offering, two tenths of an ephah of ¹⁷  choice wheat flour ¹⁸  mixed with olive oil, as a gift to the Lord, a soothing aroma, ¹⁹  and its drink offering, one fourth of a hin of wine. ²⁰ 

Leviticus 23:20

23:20 and the priest is to wave them – the two lambs ²¹  – along with the bread of the first fruits, as a wave offering before the Lord; they will be holy to the Lord for the priest.

[3:4]  ¹ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.” Cf. NRSV “the appendage of the liver”; NIV “the covering of the liver” (KJV “the caul above the liver”).

[3:10]  ² tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.”

[3:15]  ³ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.”

[4:9]  ⁴ tn Heb “and the protruding lobe on the liver on the kidneys he shall remove it.”

[7:4]  ⁵ tn See the notes on Lev 3:3-4.

[8:16]  ⁶ tn Again, Aaron probably performed the slaughter and collected the fat parts (v. 16a), but Moses presented it all on the altar (v. 16b; cf. the note on v. 15 above).

[8:16]  ⁷ sn See Lev 3:3-4 for the terminology of fat and kidneys here.

[8:16]  ⁸ tn Heb “toward the altar” (see the note on Lev 1:9).

[14:4]  ⁷ tn The term rendered here “crimson fabric” consists of two Hebrew words and means literally, “crimson of worm” (in this order only in Lev 14:4, 6, 49, 51, 52 and Num 19:6; for the more common reverse order, “worm of crimson,” see, e.g., the colored fabrics used in making the tabernacle, Exod 25:4, etc.). This particular “worm” is an insect that lives on the leaves of palm trees, the eggs of which are the source for a “crimson” dye used to color various kinds of cloth (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 86). That a kind of dyed “fabric” is intended, not just the dye substance itself, is made certain by the dipping of it along with the other ritual materials listed here into the blood and water mixture for sprinkling on the person being cleansed (Lev 14:6; cf. also the burning of it in the fire of the red heifer in Num 19:6). Both the reddish color of cedar wood and the crimson colored fabric seem to correspond to the color of blood and may, therefore, symbolize either “life,” which is in the blood, or the use of blood to “make atonement” (see, e.g., Gen 9:4 and Lev 17:11). See further the note on v. 7 below.

[14:4]  ⁸ sn Twigs of hyssop (probably one or several species of marjoram thymus), a spice and herb plant that grows out of walls in Palestine (see 1 Kgs 4:33 [5:13 HT], HALOT 27 s.v. אֵזוֹב, and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 195), were particularly leafy and therefore especially useful for sprinkling the purifying liquid (cf. vv. 5-7). Many of the details of the ritual procedure are obscure. It has been proposed, for example, that the “cedar wood” was a stick to which the hyssop was bound with the crimson material to make a sort of sprinkling instrument (Hartley, 195). In light of the burning of these three materials as part of the preparation of the ashes of the red heifer in Num 19:5-6, however, this seems unlikely.

[14:4]  ⁹ tn The MT reads literally, “And the priest shall command and he shall take.” Clearly, the second verb (“and he shall take”) contains the thrust of the priest’s command, which suggests the translation “that he take” (cf. also v. 5a). Since the priest issues the command here, he cannot be the subject of the second verb because he cannot be commanding himself to “take” up these ritual materials. Moreover, since the ritual is being performed “for the one being cleansed,” the antecedent of the pronoun “he” cannot refer to him. The LXX, Smr, and Syriac versions have the third person plural here and in v. 5a, which corresponds to other combinations with the verb וְצִוָּה (vÿtsivvah) “and he (the priest) shall command” in this context (see Lev 13:54; 14:36, 40). This suggests an impersonal (i.e., “someone shall take” and “someone shall slaughter,” respectively) or perhaps even passive rendering of the verbs in 14:4, 5 (i.e., “there shall be taken” and “there shall be slaughtered,” respectively). The latter option has been chosen here.

[14:4]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “the one cleansing himself” (i.e., Hitpael participle of טָהֵר, taher, “to be clean”).

[16:1]  ⁸ tn Heb “in their drawing near to the faces of the Lord.” The rendering here relies on the use of this expression for the very “presence” of God in Exod 33:14-15 and in the Lev 9:24-10:2 passage, where the Nadab and Abihu catastrophe referred to here is narrated.

[20:11]  ⁹ sn See the note on Lev 18:7 above.

[20:11]  ¹⁰ tn See the note on v. 9 above.

[20:13]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “[as the] lyings of a woman.” The specific reference here is to homosexual intercourse between males.

[23:13]  ¹¹ sn See the note on Lev 5:11.

[23:13]  ¹² sn See the note on Lev 2:1.

[23:13]  ¹³ sn See the note on Lev 1:9.

[23:13]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “wine, one fourth of the hin.” A pre-exilic hin is about 3.6 liters (= ca. 1 quart), so one fourth of a hin would be about one cup.

[23:20]  ¹² tn Smr and LXX have the Hebrew article on “lambs.” The syntax of this verse is difficult. The object of the verb (two lambs) is far removed from the verb itself (shall wave) in the MT, and the preposition עַל (’al, “upon”), rendered “along with” in this verse, is also added to the far removed subject (literally, “upon [the] two lambs”; see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 159). It is clear, however, that the two lambs and the loaves (along with their associated grain and drink offerings) constituted the “wave offering,” which served as the prebend “for the priest.” Burnt and sin offerings (vv. 18-19a) were not included in this (see Lev 7:11-14, 28-36).