Leviticus 5:1

Additional Sin Offering Regulations

5:1 “‘When a person sins ¹  in that he hears a public curse against one who fails to testify ²  and he is a witness (he either saw or knew what had happened ³ ) and he does not make it known, ⁴  then he will bear his punishment for iniquity. ⁵ 

Leviticus 13:24

A Burn on the Skin

13:24 “When a body has a burn on its skin ⁶  and the raw area of the burn becomes a reddish white or white bright spot,

Leviticus 13:42

13:42 But if there is a reddish white infection in the back or front bald area, it is a disease breaking out in his back or front bald area.

Leviticus 18:9

18:9 You must not have sexual intercourse with your sister, whether she is your father’s daughter or your mother’s daughter, ⁷  whether she is born in the same household or born outside it; ⁸  you must not have sexual intercourse with either of them. ⁹ 

Leviticus 20:27

Prohibition against Spiritists and Mediums

20:27 “‘A man or woman who ¹⁰  has in them a spirit of the dead or a familiar spirit ¹¹  must be put to death. They must pelt them with stones; ¹²  their blood guilt is on themselves.’”

Leviticus 22:5

22:5 or a man who touches a swarming thing by which he becomes unclean, ¹³  or touches a person ¹⁴  by which he becomes unclean, whatever that person’s impurity ¹⁵  –

[5:1]  ¹ tn Heb “And a person when he sins.” Most English versions translate this as the protasis of a conditional clause: “if a person sins” (NASB, NIV).

[5:1]  ² tn The words “against one who fails to testify” are not in the Hebrew text, but have been supplied to make sense of the remark about the “curse” (“imprecation” or “oath”; cf. ASV “adjuration”; NIV “public charge”) for the modern reader. For the interpretation of this verse reflected in the present translation see J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:292-97.

[5:1]  ³ tn The words “what had happened” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.

[5:1]  ⁴ tn Heb “and hears a voice of curse, and he is a witness or he saw or he knew, if he does not declare.”

[5:1]  ⁵ tn Heb “and he shall bear his iniquity.” The rendering “bear the punishment (for the iniquity)” reflects the use of the word “iniquity” to refer to the punishment for iniquity (cf. NRSV, NLT “subject to punishment”). It is sometimes referred to as the consequential use of the term (cf. Lev 5:17; 7:18; 10:17; etc.).

[13:24]  ⁶ tn Heb “Or a body, if there is in its skin a burn of fire.”

[18:9]  ¹¹ tn Heb “the daughter of your father or the daughter of your mother.”

[18:9]  ¹² tn Heb “born of house or born of outside.” CEV interprets as “whether you grew up together or not” (cf. also TEV, NLT).

[18:9]  ¹³ tc Several medieval Hebrew mss, Smr, LXX, and Syriac have “her nakedness” rather than “their nakedness,” thus agreeing with singular “sister” at the beginning of the verse.

[20:27]  ¹⁶ tc Smr, LXX, Syriac, and some Targum mss have the relative pronoun אֲשֶׁר (’asher, “who, which”), rather than the MT’s כִּי (ki, “for, because, that”).

[20:27]  ¹⁷ tn See the note on the phrase “familiar spirit” in Lev 19:31 above.

[20:27]  ¹⁸ tn This is not the most frequently-used Hebrew verb for stoning, but a word that refers to the action of throwing, slinging, or pelting someone with stones (see the note on v. 2 above). Smr and LXX have “you [plural] shall pelt them with stones.”

[22:5]  ²¹ tn Heb “which there shall be uncleanness to him.”

[22:5]  ²² tn The Hebrew term for “person” here is אָדָם (adam, “human being”), which could either a male or a female person.

[22:5]  ²³ tn Heb “to all his impurity.” The phrase refers to the impurity of the person whom the man touches to become unclean (see the previous clause). To clarify this, the translation uses “that person’s” rather than “his.”