Luke 1:72-80

1:72 He has done this ¹  to show mercy ²  to our ancestors, ³ 

and to remember his holy covenant ⁴  –

1:73 the oath ⁵  that he swore to our ancestor ⁶  Abraham.

This oath grants ⁷ 

1:74 that we, being rescued from the hand of our ⁸  enemies,

may serve him without fear, ⁹ 

1:75 in holiness and righteousness ¹⁰  before him for as long as we live. ¹¹ 

1:76 And you, child, ¹²  will be called the prophet ¹³  of the Most High. ¹⁴ 

For you will go before ¹⁵  the Lord to prepare his ways, ¹⁶ 

1:77 to give his people knowledge of salvation ¹⁷  through the forgiveness ¹⁸  of their sins.

1:78 Because of ¹⁹  our God’s tender mercy ²⁰ 

the dawn ²¹  will break ²²  upon us from on high

1:79 to give light to those who sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, ²³ 

to guide our feet into the way ²⁴  of peace.”

1:80 And the child kept growing ²⁵  and becoming strong ²⁶  in spirit, and he was in the wilderness ²⁷  until the day he was revealed ²⁸  to Israel.

[1:72]  ¹ tn The words “He has done this” (referring to the raising up of the horn of salvation from David’s house) are not in the Greek text, but are supplied to allow a new sentence to be started in the translation. The Greek sentence is lengthy and complex at this point, while contemporary English uses much shorter sentences.

[1:72]  ² sn Mercy refers to God’s loyal love (steadfast love) by which he completes his promises. See Luke 1:50.

[1:72]  ³ tn Or “our forefathers”; Grk “our fathers.” This begins with the promise to Abraham (vv. 55, 73), and thus refers to many generations of ancestors.

[1:72]  ⁴ sn The promises of God can be summarized as being found in the one promise (the oath that he swore) to Abraham (Gen 12:1-3).

[1:73]  ⁵ tn This is linked back grammatically by apposition to “covenant” in v. 72, specifying which covenant is meant.

[1:73]  ⁶ tn Or “forefather”; Grk “father.”

[1:73]  ⁷ tn Again for reasons of English style, the infinitival clause “to grant us” has been translated “This oath grants” and made the beginning of a new sentence in the translation.

[1:74]  ⁸ tc Many important early mss (א B L W [0130] Ë^1,13 565 892 pc) lack “our,” while most (A C D [K] Θ Ψ 0177 33 Ï pc) supply it. Although the addition is most likely not authentic, “our” has been included in the translation due to English stylistic requirements.

[1:74]  ⁹ tn This phrase in Greek is actually thrown forward to the front of the verse to give it emphasis.

[1:75]  ¹⁰ sn The phrases that we…might serve him…in holiness and righteousness from Luke 1:74-75 well summarize a basic goal for a believer in the eyes of Luke. Salvation frees us up to serve God without fear through a life full of ethical integrity.

[1:75]  ¹¹ tn Grk “all our days.”

[1:76]  ¹² sn Now Zechariah describes his son John (you, child) through v. 77.

[1:76]  ¹³ tn Or “a prophet”; but since Greek nouns can be definite without the article, and since in context this is a reference to the eschatological forerunner of the Messiah (cf. John 1:17), the concept is better conveyed to the English reader by the use of the definite article “the.”

[1:76]  ¹⁴ sn In other words, John is a prophet of God; see 1:32 and 7:22-23, 28.

[1:76]  ¹⁵ tc Most mss, especially the later ones (A C D L Θ Ψ 0130 Ë^1,13 33 Ï sy), have πρὸ προσώπου κυρίου (pro proswpou kuriou, “before the face of the Lord”), but the translation follows the reading ἐνώπιον κυρίου (enwpion kuriou, “before the Lord”), which has earlier and better ms support (Ì⁴ א B W 0177 pc) and is thus more likely to be authentic.

[1:76]  ¹⁶ tn This term is often translated in the singular, looking specifically to the forerunner role, but the plural suggests the many elements in that salvation.

[1:77]  ¹⁷ sn John’s role, to give his people knowledge of salvation, is similar to that of Jesus (Luke 3:1-14; 5:31-32).

[1:77]  ¹⁸ sn Forgiveness is another major Lukan theme (Luke 4:18; 24:47; Acts 10:37).

[1:78]  ¹⁹ tn For reasons of style, a new sentence has been started in the translation at this point. God’s mercy is ultimately seen in the deliverance John points to, so v. 78a is placed with the reference to Jesus as the light of dawning day.

[1:78]  ²⁰ sn God’s loyal love (steadfast love) is again the topic, reflected in the phrase tender mercy; see Luke 1:72.

[1:78]  ²¹ sn The Greek term translated dawn (ἀνατολή, anatolh) can be a reference to the morning star or to the sun. The Messiah is pictured as a saving light that shows the way. The Greek term was also used to translate the Hebrew word for “branch” or “sprout,” so some see a double entendre here with messianic overtones (see Isa 11:1-10; Jer 23:5; 33:15; Zech 3:8; 6:12).

[1:78]  ²² tn Grk “shall visit us.”

[1:79]  ²³ sn On the phrases who sit in darkness…and…death see Isa 9:1-2; 42:7; 49:9-10.

[1:79]  ²⁴ tn Or “the path.”

[1:80]  ²⁵ tn This verb is imperfect.

[1:80]  ²⁶ tn This verb is also imperfect.

[1:80]  ²⁷ tn Or “desert.”

[1:80]  ²⁸ tn Grk “until the day of his revealing.”