Luke 14:9

14:9 So ¹  the host who invited both of you will come and say to you, ‘Give this man your place.’ Then, ashamed, ²  you will begin to move to the least important ³  place.

Luke 16:16

16:16 “The law and the prophets were in force ⁴  until John; ⁵  since then, ⁶  the good news of the kingdom of God ⁷  has been proclaimed, and everyone is urged to enter it. ⁸ 

Luke 21:21

21:21 Then those who are in Judea must flee ⁹  to the mountains. Those ¹⁰  who are inside the city must depart. Those ¹¹  who are out in the country must not enter it,

[14:9]  ¹ tn Grk “host, and.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate this action is a result of the situation described in the previous verse. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[14:9]  ² tn Or “then in disgrace”; Grk “with shame.” In this culture avoiding shame was important.

[14:9]  ³ tn Grk “lowest place” (also in the repetition of the phrase in the next verse).

[16:16]  ⁴ tn There is no verb in the Greek text; one must be supplied. Some translations (NASB, NIV) supply “proclaimed” based on the parallelism with the proclamation of the kingdom. The transitional nature of this verse, however, seems to call for something more like “in effect” (NRSV) or, as used here, “in force.” Further, Greek generally can omit one of two kinds of verbs – either the equative verb or one that is already mentioned in the preceding context (ExSyn 39).

[16:16]  ⁵ sn John refers to John the Baptist.

[16:16]  ⁶ sn Until John; since then. This verse indicates a shift in era, from law to kingdom.

[16:16]  ⁷ sn The kingdom of God is a major theme of Jesus. It is a realm in which Jesus rules and to which those who trust him belong. See Luke 6:20; 11:20; 17:20-21.

[16:16]  ⁸ tn Many translations have “entereth violently into it” (ASV) or “is forcing his way into it” (NASB, NIV). This is not true of everyone. It is better to read the verb here as passive rather than middle, and in a softened sense of “be urged.” See Gen 33:11; Judg 13:15-16; 19:7; 2 Sam 3:25, 27 in the LXX. This fits the context well because it agrees with Jesus’ attempt to persuade his opponents to respond morally. For further discussion and details, see D. L. Bock, Luke (BECNT), 2:1352-53.

[21:21]  ⁷ sn Fleeing to the mountains is a key OT image: Gen 19:17; Judg 6:2; Isa 15:5; Jer 16:16; Zech 14:5.

[21:21]  ⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[21:21]  ⁹ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.