Discovery BoxLuke 7:1-7
Context7:1 After Jesus 1 had finished teaching all this to the people, 2 he entered Capernaum. 3 7:2 A centurion 4 there 5 had a slave 6 who was highly regarded, 7 but who was sick and at the point of death. 7:3 When the centurion 8 heard 9 about Jesus, he sent some Jewish elders 10 to him, asking him to come 11 and heal his slave. 7:4 When 12 they came 13 to Jesus, they urged 14 him earnestly, 15 “He is worthy 16 to have you do this for him, 7:5 because he loves our nation, 17 and even 18 built our synagogue.” 19 7:6 So 20 Jesus went with them. When 21 he was not far from the house, the centurion 22 sent friends to say to him, “Lord, do not trouble yourself, 23 for I am not worthy 24 to have you come under my roof. 7:7 That is why 25 I did not presume 26 to come to you. Instead, say the word, and my servant must be healed. 27
[7:1] 1 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[7:1] 2 tn Grk “After he had completed all his sayings in the hearing of the people.”
[7:1] 3 sn Capernaum was a town on the northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee, 680 ft (204 m) below sea level. It was a major trade and economic center in the North Galilean region.
[7:2] 4 sn A centurion was a noncommissioned officer in the Roman army or one of the auxiliary territorial armies, commanding a centuria of (nominally) 100 men. The responsibilities of centurions were broadly similar to modern junior officers, but there was a wide gap in social status between them and officers, and relatively few were promoted beyond the rank of senior centurion. The Roman troops stationed in Judea were auxiliaries, who would normally be rewarded with Roman citizenship after 25 years of service. Some of the centurions may have served originally in the Roman legions (regular army) and thus gained their citizenship at enlistment. Others may have inherited it, like Paul.
[7:2] 5 tn The word “there” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.
[7:2] 6 tn Though δοῦλος (doulos) is normally translated “servant,” the word does not bear the connotation of a free individual serving another. BDAG notes that “‘servant’ for ‘slave’ is largely confined to Biblical transl. and early American times… in normal usage at the present time the two words are carefully distinguished” (BDAG 260 s.v. 1). The most accurate translation is “bondservant” (sometimes found in the ASV for δοῦλος) in that it often indicates one who sells himself into slavery to another. But as this is archaic, few today understand its force. In addition, the parallel passage in Matt 8:6 uses the Greek term παῖς (pais), to refer to the centurion’s slave. This was a term often used of a slave who was regarded with some degree of affection, possibly a personal servant.
[7:2] 7 tn The term ἔντιμος (entimos) could mean “highly valued,” but this sounds too much like the slave was seen as an asset, while the text suggests a genuine care for the person. More archaically, it could be said the centurion was fond of this slave.
[7:3] 8 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the centurion) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[7:3] 9 tn The participle ἀκούσας (akousas) has been taken temporally.
[7:3] 10 sn Why some Jewish elders are sent as emissaries is not entirely clear, but the centurion was probably respecting ethnic boundaries, which were important in ancient Greco-Roman and Jewish culture. The parallel account in Matt 8:5-13 does not mention the emissaries.
[7:3] 11 tn The participle ἐλθών (elqwn) has been translated as an infinitive in parallel with διασώσῃ (diaswsh) due to requirements of contemporary English style.
[7:4] 12 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
[7:4] 13 tn Although the participle παραγενόμενοι (paragenomenoi) is preceded by the Greek article (οἱ, Joi) which would normally cause it to be regarded as an adjectival or substantival participle, most modern translations, probably as a result of the necessities of contemporary English style, render it as a temporal participle (“when they came”).
[7:4] 15 tn Grk “urged him earnestly, saying”; the participle λέγοντες (legontes) is pleonastic (redundant) and has not been translated.
[7:4] 16 tn Grk “Worthy is he to have you do this”; the term “worthy” comes first in the direct discourse and is emphatic.
[7:5] 17 tn Or “people.” The use of ἔθνος (eqnos, “nation”) here instead of “God” probably meant the man was not a full proselyte, but that he had simply been supportive of the Jews and their culture. He could have been a God-fearer. The Romans saw a stable religious community as politically helpful and often supported it (Josephus, Ant. 16.6.2 [16.162-165], 19.6.3 [19.300-311]).
[7:5] 18 tn In the Greek text, the pronoun αὐτός (autos) is included, making this emphatic. Naturally the force of this statement is causative, meaning the centurion either had the synagogue built or donated the cost of its construction.
[7:5] 19 sn See the note on synagogues in 4:15.
[7:6] 20 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate the resultative action.
[7:6] 21 tn The participle ἀπέχοντος (apeconto") has been taken temporally.
[7:6] 22 sn See the note on the word centurion in 7:2.
[7:6] 23 tn Or “do not be bothered.”
[7:6] 24 sn Note the humility in the centurion’s statement I am not worthy in light of what others think (as v. 4 notes). See Luke 5:8 for a similar example of humility.
[7:7] 25 tn Or “roof; therefore.”
[7:7] 26 tn Grk “I did not consider myself worthy to come to you.” See BDAG 94 s.v. ἀξιόω 1. “Presume” assumes this and expresses the idea in terms of offense.
[7:7] 27 tc The aorist imperative ἰαθήτω (iaqhtw, “must be healed”) is found in Ì75vid B L 1241 sa. Most
