Matthew 15:24-26

15:24 So ¹  he answered, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.” 15:25 But she came and bowed down ²  before him and said, ³  “Lord, help me!” 15:26 “It is not right ⁴  to take the children’s bread and throw it to the dogs,” ⁵  he said. ⁶ 

Luke 24:47

24:47 and repentance ⁷  for the forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed ⁸  in his name to all nations, ⁹  beginning from Jerusalem. ¹⁰ 

Acts 3:26

3:26 God raised up ¹¹  his servant and sent him first to you, to bless you by turning ¹²  each one of you from your iniquities.” ¹³ 

Acts 13:46

13:46 Both Paul and Barnabas replied courageously, ¹⁴  “It was necessary to speak the word of God ¹⁵  to you first. Since you reject it and do not consider yourselves worthy ¹⁶  of eternal life, we ¹⁷  are turning to the Gentiles. ¹⁸ 

Acts 18:6

18:6 When they opposed him ¹⁹  and reviled him, ²⁰  he protested by shaking out his clothes ²¹  and said to them, “Your blood ²²  be on your own heads! I am guiltless! ²³  From now on I will go to the Gentiles!”

Acts 26:20

26:20 but I declared to those in Damascus first, and then to those in Jerusalem and in all Judea, ²⁴  and to the Gentiles, that they should repent and turn to God, ²⁵  performing deeds consistent with ²⁶  repentance.

Acts 28:25-28

28:25 So they began to leave, ²⁷  unable to agree among themselves, after Paul made one last statement: “The Holy Spirit spoke rightly to your ancestors ²⁸  through the prophet Isaiah 28:26 when he said,

‘Go to this people and say,

“You will keep on hearing, ²⁹  but will never understand,

and you will keep on looking, ³⁰  but will never perceive.

28:27 For the heart of this people has become dull, ³¹ 

and their ears are hard of hearing, ³² 

and they have closed their eyes,

so that they would not see with their eyes

and hear with their ears

and understand with their heart

and turn, ³³  and I would heal them.”’ ³⁴ 

28:28 “Therefore be advised ³⁵  that this salvation from God ³⁶  has been sent to the Gentiles; ³⁷  they ³⁸  will listen!”

Romans 11:11-15

11:11 I ask then, they did not stumble into an irrevocable fall, ³⁹  did they? Absolutely not! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make Israel ⁴⁰  jealous. 11:12 Now if their transgression means riches for the world and their defeat means riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their full restoration ⁴¹  bring?

11:13 Now I am speaking to you Gentiles. Seeing that I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry, 11:14 if somehow I could provoke my people to jealousy and save some of them. 11:15 For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?

[15:24]  ¹ tn Grk “And answering, he said.” The construction in Greek is somewhat redundant and has been simplified in the translation. Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the disciples’ request.

[15:25]  ² tn In this context the verb προσκυνέω (proskunew), which often describes worship, probably means simply bowing down to the ground in an act of reverence or supplication (see L&N 17.21).

[15:25]  ³ tn Grk “she bowed down to him, saying.”

[15:26]  ⁴ tn Grk “And answering, he said, ‘It is not right.’” The introductory phrase “answering, he said” has been simplified and placed at the end of the English sentence for stylistic reasons. Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[15:26]  ⁵ tn Or “lap dogs, house dogs,” as opposed to dogs on the street. The diminutive form originally referred to puppies or little dogs, then to house pets. In some Hellenistic uses κυνάριον (kunarion) simply means “dog.”

[15:26]  ⁶ tn Grk “And answering, he said.” The participle ἀποκριθείς (apokriqeis) is redundant and has not been translated.

[24:47]  ⁷ sn This repentance has its roots in declarations of the Old Testament. It is the Hebrew concept of a turning of direction.

[24:47]  ⁸ tn Or “preached,” “announced.”

[24:47]  ⁹ sn To all nations. The same Greek term (τὰ ἔθνη, ta eqnh) may be translated “the Gentiles” or “the nations.” The hope of God in Christ was for all the nations from the beginning.

[24:47]  ¹⁰ sn Beginning from Jerusalem. See Acts 2, which is where it all starts.

[3:26]  ¹¹ tn Grk “God raising up his servant, sent him.” The participle ἀναστήσας (anasthsa") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. Some translations (e.g., NIV, NRSV) render this participle as temporal (“when God raised up his servant”).

[3:26]  ¹² sn The picture of turning is again seen as the appropriate response to the message. See v. 19 above. In v. 19 it was “turning to,” here it is “turning away from.” The direction of the two metaphors is important.

[3:26]  ¹³ tn For the translation of plural πονηρία (ponhria) as “iniquities,” see G. Harder, TDNT 6:565. The plural is important, since for Luke turning to Jesus means turning away from sins, not just the sin of rejecting Jesus.

[13:46]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “Both Paul and Barnabas spoke out courageously and said.” The redundancy is removed in the translation and the verb “replied” is used in keeping with the logical sequence of events. The theme of boldness reappears: Acts 4:24-30; 9:27-28.

[13:46]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “It was necessary that the word of God be spoken.” For smoothness and simplicity of English style, the passive construction has been converted to active voice in the translation.

[13:46]  ¹⁶ tn Or “and consider yourselves unworthy.”

[13:46]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “behold, we.” In this context ἰδού (idou) is not easily translated into English.

[13:46]  ¹⁸ sn This turning to the Gentiles would be a shocking rebuke to 1st century Jews who thought they alone were the recipients of the promise.

[18:6]  ¹⁹ tn The word “him” is not in the Greek text but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[18:6]  ²⁰ tn The participle βλασφημούντων (blasfhmountwn) has been taken temporally. The direct object (“him”) is implied rather than expressed and could be impersonal (“it,” referring to what Paul was saying rather than Paul himself), but the verb occurs more often in contexts involving defamation or slander against personal beings (not always God). For a very similar context to this one, compare Acts 13:45. The translation “blaspheme” is not used because in contemporary English its meaning is more narrowly defined and normally refers to blasphemy against God (not what Paul’s opponents were doing here). What they were doing was more like slander or defamation of character.

[18:6]  ²¹ tn Grk “shaking out his clothes, he said to them.” L&N 16:8 translates Acts 18:6 “when they opposed him and said evil things about him, he protested by shaking the dust from his clothes.” The addition of the verb “protested by” in the translation is necessary to clarify for the modern reader that this is a symbolic action. It is similar but not identical to the phrase in Acts 13:51, where the dust from the feet is shaken off. The participle ἐκτιναξάμενος (ektinaxameno") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[18:6]  ²² sn Your blood be on your own heads! By invoking this epithet Paul declared himself not responsible for their actions in rejecting Jesus whom Paul preached (cf. Ezek 33:4; 3:6-21; Matt 23:35; 27:25).

[18:6]  ²³ tn Or “innocent.” BDAG 489 s.v. καθαρός 3.a has “guiltless Ac 18:6.”

[26:20]  ²⁴ tn BDAG 1093-94 s.v. χώρα 2.b states, “of the provincial name (1 Macc 8:3) ἡ χώρα τῆς ᾿Ιουδαίας Ac 26:20.”

[26:20]  ²⁵ sn That they should repent and turn to God. This is the shortest summary of Paul’s message that he preached.

[26:20]  ²⁶ tn BDAG 93 s.v. ἄξιος 1.b, “καρποὶ ἄ. τῆς μετανοίας fruits in keeping with your repentance…Lk 3:8; Mt 3:8. For this ἄ. τῆς μετανοίας ἔργα Ac 26:20.” Note how Paul preached the gospel offer and the issue of response together, side by side.

[28:25]  ²⁷ tn The imperfect verb ἀπελύοντο (apeluonto) has been translated as an ingressive imperfect.

[28:25]  ²⁸ tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”

[28:26]  ²⁹ tn Grk “you will hear with hearing” (an idiom).

[28:26]  ³⁰ tn Or “seeing”; Grk “you will look by looking” (an idiom).

[28:27]  ³¹ tn Or “insensitive.”

[28:27]  ³² tn Grk “they hear heavily with their ears” (an idiom for slow comprehension).

[28:27]  ³³ sn Note how the failure to respond to the message of the gospel is seen as a failure to turn.

[28:27]  ³⁴ sn A quotation from Isa 6:9-10.

[28:28]  ³⁵ tn Grk “Therefore let it be known to you.”

[28:28]  ³⁶ tn Or “of God.”

[28:28]  ³⁷ sn The term Gentiles is in emphatic position in the Greek text of this clause. Once again there is the pattern: Jewish rejection of the gospel leads to an emphasis on Gentile inclusion (Acts 13:44-47).

[28:28]  ³⁸ tn Grk “they also.”

[11:11]  ³⁹ tn Grk “that they might fall.”

[11:11]  ⁴⁰ tn Grk “them”; the referent (Israel, cf. 11:7) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:12]  ⁴¹ tn Or “full inclusion”; Grk “their fullness.”