Matthew 20:1-13

Workers in the Vineyard

20:1 “For the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner ¹  who went out early in the morning to hire workers for his vineyard. 20:2 And after agreeing with the workers for the standard wage, ²  he sent them into his vineyard. 20:3 When it was about nine o’clock in the morning, ³  he went out again and saw others standing around in the marketplace without work. 20:4 He said to them, ‘You go into the vineyard too, and I will give you whatever is right.’ 20:5 So they went. When ⁴  he went out again about noon and three o’clock that afternoon, ⁵  he did the same thing. 20:6 And about five o’clock that afternoon ⁶  he went out and found others standing around, and said to them, ‘Why are you standing here all day without work?’ 20:7 They said to him, ‘Because no one hired us.’ He said to them, ‘You go and work in the vineyard too.’ 20:8 When ⁷  it was evening ⁸  the owner of the vineyard said to his manager, ‘Call the workers and give the pay ⁹  starting with the last hired until the first.’ 20:9 When those hired about five o’clock came, each received a full day’s pay. ¹⁰  20:10 And when those hired first came, they thought they would receive more. But each one also received the standard wage. 20:11 When ¹¹  they received it, they began to complain ¹²  against the landowner, 20:12 saying, ‘These last fellows worked one hour, and you have made them equal to us who bore the hardship and burning heat of the day.’ 20:13 And the landowner ¹³  replied to one of them, ¹⁴  ‘Friend, I am not treating you unfairly. Didn’t you agree with me to work for the standard wage? ¹⁵ 

[20:1]  ¹ sn The term landowner here refers to the owner and manager of a household.

[20:2]  ² tn Grk “agreeing with the workers for a denarius a day.”

[20:3]  ³ tn Grk “about the third hour.”

[20:5]  ⁴ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[20:5]  ⁵ tn Grk “he went out again about the sixth and ninth hour.”

[20:6]  ⁶ tn Grk “about the eleventh hour.”

[20:8]  ⁷ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[20:8]  ⁸ sn That is, six o’clock in the evening, the hour to pay day laborers. See Lev 19:13b.

[20:8]  ⁹ tc ‡ Most witnesses (including B D W Θ Ë^1,13 33^vid Ï latt sy) have αὐτοῖς (autois, “to them”) after ἀπόδος (apodos, “give the pay”), but this seems to be a motivated reading, clarifying the indirect object. The omission is supported by א C L Z 085 Or. Nevertheless, NA²⁷ includes the pronoun on the basis of the greater external attestation.

[20:9]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “each received a denarius.” See the note on the phrase “standard wage” in v. 2.

[20:11]  ¹¹ tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.

[20:11]  ¹² tn The imperfect verb ἐγόγγυζον (egonguzon) has been translated ingressively.

[20:13]  ¹³ tn Grk “he”; the referent (the landowner) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[20:13]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “And answering, he said to one of them.” This construction is somewhat redundant in contemporary English and has been simplified in the translation.

[20:13]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “for a denarius a day.”