Discovery BoxMatthew 4:1-11
Context4:1 Then Jesus was led by the Spirit into the wilderness 1 to be tempted by the devil. 4:2 After he fasted forty days and forty nights he was famished. 2 4:3 The tempter came and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become bread.” 3 4:4 But he answered, 4 “It is written, ‘Man 5 does not live 6 by bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’” 7 4:5 Then the devil took him to the holy city, 8 had him stand 9 on the highest point 10 of the temple, 4:6 and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down. For it is written, ‘He will command his angels concerning you’ 11 and ‘with their hands they will lift you up, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone.’” 12 4:7 Jesus said to him, “Once again it is written: ‘You are not to put the Lord your God to the test.’” 13 4:8 Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain, and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their grandeur. 14 4:9 And he said to him, “I will give you all these things if you throw yourself to the ground and worship 15 me.” 4:10 Then Jesus said to him, “Go away, 16 Satan! For it is written: ‘You are to worship the Lord your God and serve only him.’” 17 4:11 Then the devil left him, and angels 18 came and began ministering to his needs.
Luke 4:1-4
Context4:1 Then 19 Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan River 20 and was led by the Spirit 21 in 22 the wilderness, 23 4:2 where for forty days he endured temptations 24 from the devil. He 25 ate nothing 26 during those days, and when they were completed, 27 he was famished. 4:3 The devil said to him, “If 28 you are the Son of God, command this stone to become bread.” 29 4:4 Jesus answered him, “It is written, ‘Man 30 does not live by bread alone.’” 31
[4:2] 2 tn Grk “and having fasted forty days and forty nights, afterward he was hungry.”
[4:3] 3 tn Grk “say that these stones should become bread.”
[4:4] 4 tn Grk “answering, he said.” The participle ἀποκριθείς (apokriqeis) is redundant, but the syntax of the phrase has been changed for clarity.
[4:4] 5 tn Or “a person.” Greek ὁ ἄνθρωπος (Jo anqrwpo") is used generically for humanity. The translation “man” is used because the emphasis in Jesus’ response seems to be on his dependence on God as a man.
[4:4] 6 tn Grk “will not live.” The verb in Greek is a future tense, but it is unclear whether it is meant to be taken as a command (also known as an imperatival future) or as a statement of reality (predictive future).
[4:4] 7 sn A quotation from Deut 8:3.
[4:5] 8 sn The order of the second and third temptations differs in Luke’s account (4:5-12) from the order given in Matthew.
[4:5] 9 tn Grk “and he stood him.”
[4:5] 10 sn The highest point of the temple probably refers to the point on the temple’s southeast corner where it looms directly over a cliff some 450 ft (135 m) high. However, some have suggested the reference could be to the temple’s high gate.
[4:6] 11 sn A quotation from Ps 91:11. This was not so much an incorrect citation as a use in a wrong context (a misapplication of the passage).
[4:6] 12 sn A quotation from Ps 91:12.
[4:7] 13 sn A quotation from Deut 6:16.
[4:9] 15 tn Grk “if, falling down, you will worship.” BDAG 815 s.v. πίπτω 1.b.α.ב has “fall down, throw oneself to the ground as a sign of devotion, before high-ranking persons or divine beings.”
[4:10] 16 tc The majority of later witnesses (C2 D L Z 33 Ï) have “behind me” (ὀπίσω μου; opisw mou) after “Go away.” But since this is the wording in Matt 16:23, where the text is certain, scribes most likely added the words here to conform to the later passage. Further, the shorter reading has superior support (א B C*vid K P W Δ 0233 Ë1,13 565 579* 700 al). Thus, both externally and internally, the shorter reading is strongly preferred.
[4:10] 17 sn A quotation from Deut 6:13. The word “only” is an interpretive expansion not found in either the Hebrew or Greek (LXX) text of the OT.
[4:11] 18 tn Grk “and behold, angels.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).
[4:1] 19 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate continuity with the previous topic.
[4:1] 20 tn “River” is not in the Greek text but is supplied for clarity.
[4:1] 21 sn The double mention of the Spirit in this verse makes it clear that the temptation was neither the fault of Jesus nor an accident.
[4:1] 22 tc Most
[4:2] 24 tn Grk “in the desert, for forty days being tempted.” The participle πειραζόμενος (peirazomeno") has been translated as an adverbial clause in English to avoid a run-on sentence with a second “and.” Here the present participle suggests a period of forty days of testing. Three samples of the end of the testing are given in the following verses.
[4:2] 25 tn Grk “And he.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[4:2] 26 sn The reference to Jesus eating nothing could well be an idiom meaning that he ate only what the desert provided; see Exod 34:28. A desert fast simply meant eating only what one could obtain in the desert. The parallel in Matt 4:2 speaks only of Jesus fasting.
[4:2] 27 tn The Greek word here is συντελεσθείσων (suntelesqeiswn) from the verb συντελέω (suntelew).
[4:3] 28 tn This is a first class condition: “If (and let’s assume that you are) the Son of God…”
[4:3] 29 tn Grk “say to this stone that it should become bread.”
[4:4] 30 tn Or “a person.” The Greek word ὁ ἄνθρωπος (Jo anqrwpo") is used generically for humanity. The translation “man” is used because the emphasis in Jesus’ response seems to be on his dependence on God as a man.
[4:4] 31 tc Most
