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Numbers 2:3

Context
The Tribes on the East

2:3 “Now those who will be camping 1  on the east, toward the sunrise, 2  are the divisions 3  of the camp of Judah under their standard. The leader of the people of Judah is 4  Nahshon son of Amminadab.

Numbers 3:4

Context

3:4 Nadab and Abihu died 5  before the Lord 6  when they offered 7  strange 8  fire 9  before the Lord in the wilderness of Sinai, and they had no children. 10  So Eleazar and Ithamar ministered as priests 11  in the presence of 12  Aaron their father.

Numbers 10:25

Context

10:25 The standard of the camp of the Danites set out, which was the rear guard 13  of all the camps by their companies; over his company was Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai.

Numbers 21:24

Context
21:24 But the Israelites 14  defeated him in battle 15  and took possession of his land from the Arnon to the Jabbok, as far as the Ammonites, for the border of the Ammonites was strongly defended.

Numbers 25:6

Context

25:6 Just then 16  one of the Israelites came and brought to his brothers 17  a Midianite woman in the plain view of Moses and of 18  the whole community of the Israelites, while they 19  were weeping at the entrance of the tent of meeting.

Numbers 25:11

Context
25:11 “Phinehas son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, has turned my anger away from the Israelites, when he manifested such zeal 20  for my sake among them, so that I did not consume the Israelites in my zeal. 21 

Numbers 25:13

Context
25:13 So it will be to him and his descendants after him a covenant of a permanent priesthood, because he has been zealous for his God, 22  and has made atonement 23  for the Israelites.’”

Numbers 26:62

Context
26:62 Those of them who were numbered were 23,000, all males from a month old and upward, for they were not numbered among the Israelites; no inheritance was given to them among the Israelites.

Numbers 36:8

Context
36:8 And every daughter who possesses an inheritance from any of the tribes of the Israelites must become the wife of a man from any family in her father’s tribe, so that every Israelite 24  may retain the inheritance of his fathers.
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[2:3]  1 tn The sentence begins with a vav (ו) on a word that is not a finite verb, indicating a new section begins here. The verbal form is a participle with the article used substantivally, with the meaning “and/now those camping.” Many English versions employ a finite verb; cf. KJV “on the east side…shall they of the standard of the camp of Judah pitch.”

[2:3]  2 tc The two synonyms might seem to be tautological, but this is fairly common and therefore acceptable in Hebrew prose (cf. Exod 26:18; 38:13; etc.).

[2:3]  3 tn The sentence actually has “[those camping…are] the standard of the camp of Judah according to their divisions.”

[2:3]  4 tn Or “will be.”

[3:4]  5 tn The verb form is the preterite with vav (ו) consecutive, literally “and Nadab died.” Some commentators wish to make the verb a past perfect, rendering it “and Nadab had died,” but this is not necessary. In tracing through the line from Aaron it simply reports that the first two sons died. The reference is to the event recorded in Lev 10 where the sons brought “strange” or foreign” fire to the sanctuary.

[3:4]  6 tc This initial clause is omitted in one Hebrew ms, Smr, and the Vulgate.

[3:4]  7 tn The form בְּהַקְרִבָם (bÿhaqrivam) is the Hiphil infinitive construct functioning as a temporal clause: “when they brought near,” meaning, “when they offered.” The verb קָרַב (qarav) is familiar to students of the NT because of “corban” in Mark 7:11.

[3:4]  8 tn Or “prohibited.” See HALOT 279 s.v. זָר 3.

[3:4]  9 tn The expression אֵשׁ זָרָה (’esh zarah, “strange fire”) seems imprecise and has been interpreted numerous ways (see the helpful summary in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC 4], 132-33). The infraction may have involved any of the following or a combination thereof: (1) using coals from some place other than the burnt offering altar (i.e., “unauthorized coals” according to J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:598; cf. Lev 16:12 and cf. “unauthorized person” [אִישׁ זָר, ’ish zar] in Num 16:40 [17:5 HT], NASB “layman”), (2) using the wrong kind of incense (cf. the Exod 30:9 regulation against “strange incense” [קְטֹרֶת זָרָה, qÿtoret zarah] on the incense altar and the possible connection to Exod 30:34-38), (3) performing an incense offering at an unprescribed time (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 59), or (4) entering the Holy of Holies at an inappropriate time (Lev 16:1-2).

[3:4]  10 sn The two young priests had been cut down before they had children; the ranks of the family of Aaron were thereby cut in half in one judgment from God. The significance of the act of judgment was to show that the priests had to sanctify the Lord before the people – they were to be examples that the sanctuary and its contents were distinct.

[3:4]  11 tn The verb is the Piel preterite from the root כָּהַן (kahan): “to function as a priest” or “to minister.”

[3:4]  12 tn The expression “in the presence of” can also mean “during the lifetime of” (see Gen 11:28; see also BDB 818 s.v. פָּנֶה II.7.a; cf. NASB, NIV, NCV, NRSV, TEV).

[10:25]  9 tn The MT uses a word that actually means “assembler,” so these three tribes made up a strong rear force recognized as the assembler of all the tribes.

[21:24]  13 tn The Hebrew text has “Israel,” but the verb is plural.

[21:24]  14 tn Heb “with the edge of the sword.”

[25:6]  17 tn The verse begins with the deictic particle וְהִנֵּה (vÿhinneh), pointing out the action that was taking place. It stresses the immediacy of the action to the reader.

[25:6]  18 tn Or “to his family”; or “to his clan.”

[25:6]  19 tn Heb “before the eyes of Moses and before the eyes of.”

[25:6]  20 tn The vav (ו) at the beginning of the clause is a disjunctive because it is prefixed to the nonverbal form. In this context it is best interpreted as a circumstantial clause, stressing that this happened “while” people were weeping over the sin.

[25:11]  21 tn Heb “he was zealous with my zeal.” The repetition of forms for “zeal” in the line stresses the passion of Phinehas. The word “zeal” means a passionate intensity to protect or preserve divine or social institutions.

[25:11]  22 tn The word for “zeal” now occurs a third time. While some English versions translate this word here as “jealousy” (KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV), it carries the force of God’s passionate determination to defend his rights and what is right about the covenant and the community and parallels the “zeal” that Phinehas had just demonstrated.

[25:13]  25 tn The motif is reiterated here. Phinehas was passionately determined to maintain the rights of his God by stopping the gross sinful perversions.

[25:13]  26 sn The atonement that he made in this passage refers to the killing of the two obviously blatant sinners. By doing this he dispensed with any animal sacrifice, for the sinners themselves died. In Leviticus it was the life of the substitutionary animal that was taken in place of the sinners that made atonement. The point is that sin was punished by death, and so God was free to end the plague and pardon the people. God’s holiness and righteousness have always been every bit as important as God’s mercy and compassion, for without righteousness and holiness mercy and compassion mean nothing.

[36:8]  29 tn The subject is “Israelites” and the verb is plural to agree with it, but the idea is collective as the word for “man” indicates: “so that the Israelites may possess – [each] man the inheritance of his fathers.”



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