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Proverbs 1:5

Context

1:5 (Let the wise also 1  hear 2  and gain 3  instruction,

and let the discerning 4  acquire 5  guidance! 6 )

Proverbs 9:9

Context

9:9 Give instruction 7  to a wise person, 8  and he will become wiser still;

teach 9  a righteous person and he will add to his 10  learning.

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[1:5]  1 tn The term “also” does not appear in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for the sake of clarity and smoothness.

[1:5]  2 tn The verb יִשְׁמַע (yishma’) functions as a jussive of advice or counsel (“Let him hear!”) rather than a customary imperfect (“he will hear”). The jussive is supported by the parallelism with the following Hiphil jussive וְיוֹסֶף (vÿyosef, “Let him add!”).

[1:5]  3 tn Heb “add.”

[1:5]  4 tn The Niphal substantival participle נָבוֹן (navon, “discerning”), rather than the noun, is used to describe a person who is habitually characterized by discernment. 1:5 forms a striking contrast to 1:4 – there was the simpleton and the youth, here the wise and discerning. Both need this book.

[1:5]  5 tn The Hiphil verb וְיוֹסֶף (vÿyosef) is a jussive rather than an imperfect as the final short vowel (segol) and accent on the first syllable shows (BDB 415 s.v. יָסַף Hiph).

[1:5]  6 tn The noun תַּחְבֻּלָה (takhbulah, “direction; counsel”) refers to moral guidance (BDB 287 s.v.). It is related to חֹבֵל (khovel, “sailor”), חִבֵּל (khibel, “mast”) and חֶבֶל (khevel, “rope; cord”), so BDB suggests it originally meant directing a ship by pulling ropes on the mast. It is used in a concrete sense of God directing the path of clouds (Job 37:12) and in a figurative sense of moral guidance (Prov 11:14; 20:18; 24:6). Here it refers to the ability to steer a right course through life (A. Cohen, Proverbs, 2).

[9:9]  7 tn The noun “instruction” does not appear in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation.

[9:9]  8 sn The parallelism shows what Proverbs will repeatedly stress, that the wise person is the righteous person.

[9:9]  9 tn The Hiphil verb normally means “to cause to know, make known”; but here the context suggests “to teach” (so many English versions).

[9:9]  10 tn The term “his” does not appear in the Hebrew text, but is supplied for the sake of smoothness and clarity.



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