Psalms 106:43

106:43 Many times he delivered ¹  them,

but they had a rebellious attitude, ² 

and degraded themselves ³  by their sin.

Jeremiah 5:17

5:17 They will eat up your crops and your food.

They will kill off ⁴  your sons and your daughters.

They will eat up your sheep and your cattle.

They will destroy your vines and your fig trees. ⁵ 

Their weapons will batter down ⁶ 

the fortified cities you trust in.

Malachi 1:4

1:4 Edom ⁷  says, “Though we are devastated, we will once again build the ruined places.” So the Lord who rules over all ⁸  responds, “They indeed may build, but I will overthrow. They will be known as ⁹  the land of evil, the people with whom the Lord is permanently displeased.

[106:43]  ¹ tn The prefixed verbal form is either preterite or imperfect, in which case it is customary, describing repeated action in past time (“he would deliver”).

[106:43]  ² tn Heb “but they rebelled in their counsel.” The prefixed verbal form is either preterite or imperfect, in which case it is customary, describing repeated action in past time (“they would have a rebellious attitude”).

[106:43]  ³ tn Heb “they sank down.” The Hebrew verb מָכַךְ (makhakh, “to lower; to sink”) occurs only here in the Qal.

[5:17]  ⁴ tn Heb “eat up.”

[5:17]  ⁵ tn Or “eat up your grapes and figs”; Heb “eat up your vines and your fig trees.”

[5:17]  ⁶ tn Heb “They will beat down with the sword.” The term “sword” is a figure of speech (synecdoche) for military weapons in general. Siege ramps, not swords, beat down city walls; swords kill people, not city walls.

[1:4]  ⁷ sn Edom, a “brother” nation to Israel, became almost paradigmatic of hostility toward Israel and God (see Num 20:14-21; Deut 2:8; Jer 49:7-22; Ezek 25:12-14; Amos 1:11-12; Obad 10-12).

[1:4]  ⁸ sn The epithet Lord who rules over all occurs frequently as a divine title throughout Malachi (24 times total). This name (יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת, yÿhvah tsÿva’ot), traditionally translated “Lord of hosts” (so KJV, NAB, NASB; cf. NIV NLT “Lord Almighty”; NCV, CEV “Lord All-Powerful”), emphasizes the majestic sovereignty of the Lord, an especially important concept in the postexilic world of great human empires and rulers. For a thorough study of the divine title, see T. N. D. Mettinger, In Search of God, 123-57.

[1:4]  ⁹ tn Heb “and they will call them.” The third person plural subject is indefinite; one could translate, “and people will call them.”