Psalms 55:21

55:21 His words are as smooth as butter, ¹ 

but he harbors animosity in his heart. ² 

His words seem softer than oil,

but they are really like sharp swords. ³ 

Proverbs 26:24-26

26:24 The one who hates others disguises ⁴  it with his lips,

but he stores up ⁵  deceit within him. ⁶ 

26:25 When ⁷  he speaks graciously, ⁸  do not believe him, ⁹ 

for there are seven ¹⁰  abominations ¹¹  within him.

26:26 Though his ¹²  hatred may be concealed ¹³  by deceit,

his evil will be uncovered ¹⁴  in the assembly.

Micah 7:2

7:2 Faithful men have disappeared ¹⁵  from the land;

there are no godly men left. ¹⁶ 

They all wait in ambush so they can shed blood; ¹⁷ 

they hunt their own brother with a net. ¹⁸ 

[55:21]  ¹ tn Heb “the butter-like [words] of his mouth are smooth.” The noun מַחְמָאֹת (makhma’ot, “butter-like [words]”) occurs only here. Many prefer to emend the form to מֵחֶמְאָה (mekhem’ah, from [i.e., “than”] butter”), cf. NEB, NRSV “smoother than butter.” However, in this case “his mouth” does not agree in number with the plural verb חָלְקוּ (kholqu, “they are smooth”). Therefore some further propose an emendation of פִּיו (piv, “his mouth”) to פָּנָיו (panayv, “his face”). In any case, the point seems to that the psalmist’s former friend spoke kindly to him and gave the outward indications of friendship.

[55:21]  ² tn Heb “and war [is in] his heart.”

[55:21]  ³ tn Heb “his words are softer than oil, but they are drawn swords.”

[26:24]  ⁴ tn The Niphal imperfect from נָכַר (nakhar) means “to act [or, treat] as a foreigner [or, stranger]; to misconstrue; to disguise.” The direct object (“it”) is not present in the Hebrew text but is implied. In this passage it means that the hater speaks what is “foreign” to his thought; in other words, he dissembles.

[26:24]  ⁵ tn Or “places; puts; lays up” (cf. KJV, ASV, NASB).

[26:24]  ⁶ tn Heb “within him” (so KJV, ASV) or “in his midst”; NAB “in his inmost being.”

[26:25]  ⁷ tn The particle כִּי (ki) is here interpreted with a temporal nuance. It is also possible that it could be read as concessive (so NIV, NLT “Though”).

[26:25]  ⁸ tn The meaning of the rare Piel form of חָנַן (khanan) is “to make gracious; to make favorable.” The subject is קוֹלוֹ (qolo, “his voice”), a metonymy of cause for what he says. The idea is that what he says is very gracious in its content and its effect.

[26:25]  ⁹ sn It may be that the placing of this proverb in this setting is designed to point out that the person speaking graciously is this wicked person who conceals an evil heart. Otherwise it may have in mind a person who has already proven untrustworthy but protests in order to conceal his plans. But even if that were not the connection, the proverb would still warn the disciple not to believe someone just because it sounded wonderful. It will take great discernment to know if there is sincerity behind the person’s words.

[26:25]  ¹⁰ sn The number “seven” is used in scripture as the complete number. In this passage it is not intended to be literally seven; rather, the expression means that there is complete or total abomination in his heart. Cf. TEV “his heart is filled to the brim with hate.”

[26:25]  ¹¹ sn “Abomination” means something that is loathed. This is a description applied by the writer, for the hypocritical person would not refer to his plans this way.

[26:26]  ¹² tn The referent is apparently the individual of vv. 24-25.

[26:26]  ¹³ tn The form תִּכַּסֶּה (tikkasseh) is the Hitpael imperfect (with assimilation); it is probably passive, meaning “is concealed,” although it could mean “conceals itself” (naturally). Since the proverb uses antithetical parallelism, an imperfect tense nuance of possibility (“may be concealed”) works well here (cf. NIV, NLT).

[26:26]  ¹⁴ sn The Hebrew verb means “to uncover,” here in the sense of “to reveal; to make known; to expose.” The verse is promising that the evil the person has done will be exposed publicly. The common belief that righteousness will ultimately triumph informs this saying.

[7:2]  ¹⁵ tn Or “have perished”; “have been destroyed.”

[7:2]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and an upright one among men there is not.”

[7:2]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “for bloodshed” (so NASB); TEV “for a chance to commit murder.”

[7:2]  ¹⁸ sn Micah compares these ungodly people to hunters trying to capture their prey with a net.