Psalms 105:33

105:33 He destroyed their vines and fig trees,

and broke the trees throughout their territory.

Psalms 78:51

78:51 He struck down all the firstborn in Egypt,

the firstfruits of their reproductive power ¹  in the tents of Ham.

Psalms 78:66

78:66 He drove his enemies back;

he made them a permanent target for insults. ² 

Psalms 105:36

105:36 He struck down all the firstborn in their land,

the firstfruits of their reproductive power. ³ 

Psalms 60:1

Psalm 60 ⁴ 

For the music director; according to the shushan-eduth style; ⁵  a prayer ⁶  of David written to instruct others. ⁷  It was written when he fought against Aram Naharaim and Aram-Zobah. That was when Joab turned back and struck down ⁸  12,000 Edomites ⁹  in the Valley of Salt. ¹⁰ 

60:1 O God, you have rejected us. ¹¹ 

You suddenly turned on us in your anger. ¹² 

Please restore us! ¹³ 

[78:51]  ¹ tn Heb “the beginning of strength.” If retained, the plural form אוֹנִים (’onim, “strength”) probably indicates degree (“great strength”), but many ancient witnesses read “their strength,” which presupposes an emendation to אֹנָם (’onam; singular form of the noun with third masculine plural pronominal suffix).

[78:66]  ¹ tn Heb “a permanent reproach he made them.”

[105:36]  ¹ tn Heb “the beginning of all their strength,” that is, reproductive power (see Ps 78:51).

[60:1]  ¹ sn Psalm 60. The psalmist grieves over Israel’s humiliation, but in response to God’s assuring word, he asks for divine help in battle and expresses his confidence in victory.

[60:1]  ² tn The Hebrew expression means “lily of the testimony.” It may refer to a particular music style or to a tune title.

[60:1]  ³ tn The precise meaning of the Hebrew word מִכְתָּם (miktam), which also appears in the heading to Pss 16, 56-59, is uncertain. HALOT 582-83 s.v. defines it as “inscription.”

[60:1]  ⁴ tn Heb “to teach.”

[60:1]  ⁵ tn In Josh 8:21 and Judg 20:48 the two verbs “turn back” and “strike down” are also juxtaposed. There they refer to a military counter-attack.

[60:1]  ⁶ tn Heb “12,000 of Edom.” Perhaps one should read אֲרַם (’aram, “Aram”) here rather than אֱדוֹם (’edom, “Edom”).

[60:1]  ⁷ sn The heading apparently refers to the military campaign recorded in 2 Sam 10 and 1 Chr 19.

[60:1]  ⁸ sn You have rejected us. See Pss 43:2; 44:9, 23.

[60:1]  ⁹ tn Heb “you broke out upon us, you were angry.”

[60:1]  ¹⁰ tn The imperfect verbal form here expresses the psalmist’s wish or prayer.