Psalms 107:25

107:25 He gave the order for a windstorm, ¹ 

and it stirred up the waves of the sea. ² 

Psalms 148:8

148:8 O fire and hail, snow and clouds, ³ 

O stormy wind that carries out his orders, ⁴ 

Job 38:22-23

38:22 Have you entered the storehouse ⁵  of the snow,

or seen the armory ⁶  of the hail,

38:23 which I reserve for the time of trouble,

for the day of war and battle? ⁷ 

Jonah 1:4

1:4 But ⁸  the Lord hurled ⁹  a powerful ¹⁰  wind on the sea. Such a violent ¹¹  tempest arose on the sea that ¹²  the ship threatened to break up! ¹³ 

John 3:8

3:8 The wind ¹⁴  blows wherever it will, and you hear the sound it makes, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.” ¹⁵ 

[107:25]  ¹ tn Heb “he spoke and caused to stand a stormy wind.”

[107:25]  ² tn Heb “and it stirred up its [i.e., the sea’s, see v. 23] waves.”

[148:8]  ³ tn In Ps 119:83 the noun refers to “smoke,” but here, where the elements of nature are addressed, the clouds, which resemble smoke, are probably in view.

[148:8]  ⁴ tn Heb “[that] does his word.”

[38:22]  ⁵ sn Snow and ice are thought of as being in store, brought out by God for specific purposes, such as times of battle (see Josh 10:11; Exod 9:2ff.; Isa 28:17; Isa 30:30; and Ps 18:12 [13]).

[38:22]  ⁶ tn The same Hebrew term (אוֹצָר, ’otsar), has been translated “storehouse” in the first line and “armory” in the second. This has been done for stylistic variation, but also because “hail,” as one of God’s “weapons” (cf. the following verse) suggests military imagery; in this context the word refers to God’s “ammunition dump” where he stockpiles hail.

[38:23]  ⁷ sn The terms translated war and battle are different Hebrew words, but both may be translated “war” or “battle” depending on the context.

[1:4]  ⁸ tn The disjunctive construction of vav + nonverb followed by a nonpreterite marks a strong contrast in the narrative action (וַיהוָה הֵטִיל, vayhvah hetil; “But the Lord hurled…”).

[1:4]  ⁹ tn The Hiphil of טוּל (tul, “to hurl”) is used here and several times in this episode for rhetorical emphasis (see vv. 5 and 15).

[1:4]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “great.” Typically English versions vary the adjective here and before “tempest” to avoid redundancy: e.g., KJV, ASV, NRSV “great...mighty”; NAB “violent…furious”; NIV “great…violent”; NLT “powerful…violent.”

[1:4]  ¹¹ tn Heb “great.”

[1:4]  ¹² tn The nonconsecutive construction of vav + nonverb followed by nonpreterite is used to emphasize this result clause (וְהָאֳנִיָּה חִשְּׁבָה לְהִשָׁבֵר, vÿha’oniyyah khishvah lÿhishaver; “that the ship threatened to break up”).

[1:4]  ¹³ tn Heb “the ship seriously considered breaking apart.” The use of חָשַׁב (khashav, “think”) in the Piel (“to think about; to seriously consider”) personifies the ship to emphasize the ferocity of the storm. The lexicons render the clause idiomatically: “the ship was about to be broken up” (BDB 363 s.v. חָשַׁב 2; HALOT 360 s.v. חשׁב).

[3:8]  ¹⁴ tn The same Greek word, πνεύματος (pneumatos), may be translated “wind” or “spirit.”

[3:8]  ¹⁵ sn Again, the physical illustrates the spiritual, although the force is heightened by the word-play here on wind-spirit (see the note on wind at the beginning of this verse). By the end of the verse, however, the final usage of πνεύματος (pneumatos) refers to the Holy Spirit.