Psalms 18:26

18:26 You prove to be reliable ¹  to one who is blameless,

but you prove to be deceptive ²  to one who is perverse. ³ 

Psalms 45:12

45:12 Rich people from Tyre ⁴ 

will seek your favor by bringing a gift. ⁵ 

Psalms 72:4-5

72:4 He will defend ⁶  the oppressed among the people;

he will deliver ⁷  the children ⁸  of the poor

and crush the oppressor.

72:5 People will fear ⁹  you ¹⁰  as long as the sun and moon remain in the sky,

for generation after generation. ¹¹ 

Psalms 83:7

83:7 Gebal, ¹²  Ammon, and Amalek,

Philistia and the inhabitants of Tyre. ¹³ 

Psalms 89:38

89:38 But you have spurned ¹⁴  and rejected him;

you are angry with your chosen king. ¹⁵ 

Psalms 105:13

105:13 they wandered from nation to nation,

and from one kingdom to another. ¹⁶ 

Psalms 120:6

120:6 For too long I have had to reside

with those who hate ¹⁷  peace.

[18:26]  ¹ tn Or “blameless.”

[18:26]  ² tn The Hebrew verb פָתַל (patal) is used in only three other texts. In Gen 30:8 it means literally “to wrestle,” or “to twist.” In Job 5:13 it refers to devious individuals, and in Prov 8:8 to deceptive words.

[18:26]  ³ tn The adjective עִקֵּשׁ (’iqqesh) has the basic nuance “twisted, crooked,” and by extension refers to someone or something that is morally perverse. It appears frequently in Proverbs, where it is used of evil people (22:5), speech (8:8; 19:1), thoughts (11:20; 17:20), and life styles (2:15; 28:6). A righteous king opposes such people (Ps 101:4).

[45:12]  ⁴ map For location see Map1 A2; Map2 G2; Map4 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.

[45:12]  ⁵ tn Heb “and a daughter of Tyre with a gift, your face they will appease, the rich of people.” The phrase “daughter of Tyre” occurs only here in the OT. It could be understood as addressed to the bride, indicating she was a Phoenician (cf. NEB). However, often in the OT the word “daughter,” when collocated with the name of a city or country, is used to personify the referent (see, for example, “Daughter Zion” in Ps 9:14, and “Daughter Babylon” in Ps 137:8). If that is the case here, then “Daughter Tyre” identifies the city-state of Tyre as the place from which the rich people come (cf. NRSV). The idiom “appease the face” refers to seeking one’s favor (see Exod 32:11; 1 Sam 13:12; 1 Kgs 13:6; 2 Kgs 13:4; 2 Chr 33:12; Job 11:19; Ps 119:58; Prov 19:6; Jer 26:19; Dan 9:13; Zech 7:2; 8:21-22; Mal 1:9).

[72:4]  ⁷ tn Heb “judge [for].”

[72:4]  ⁸ tn The prefixed verbal form appears to be an imperfect, not a jussive.

[72:4]  ⁹ tn Heb “sons.”

[72:5]  ¹⁰ tn In this context “fear” probably means “to demonstrate respect for the Lord’s power and authority by worshiping him and obeying his commandments.” See Ps 33:8. Some interpreters, with the support of the LXX, prefer to read וְיַאֲרִיךְ (vÿ’a’arikh, “and he [the king in this case] will prolong [days]”), that is, “will live a long time” (cf. NIV, NRSV).

[72:5]  ¹¹ tn God is the addressee (see vv. 1-2).

[72:5]  ¹² tn Heb “with [the] sun, and before [the] moon [for] a generation, generations.” The rare expression דּוֹר דּוֹרִים (dor dorim, “generation, generations”) occurs only here, in Ps 102:24, and in Isa 51:8.

[83:7]  ¹³ sn Some identify Gebal with the Phoenician coastal city of Byblos (see Ezek 27:9, where the name is spelled differently), though others locate this site south of the Dead Sea (see BDB 148 s.v. גְּבַל; HALOT 174 s.v. גְּבַל).

[83:7]  ¹⁴ map For location see Map1 A2; Map2 G2; Map4 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.

[89:38]  ¹⁶ tn The Hebrew construction (conjunction + pronoun, followed by the verb) draws attention to the contrast between what follows and what precedes.

[89:38]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “your anointed one.” The Hebrew phrase מְשִׁיחֶךָ (mÿshikhekha, “your anointed one”) refers here to the Davidic king (see Pss 2:2; 18:50; 20:6; 28:8; 84:9; 132:10, 17).

[105:13]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “and from a kingdom to another nation.”

[120:6]  ²² tn The singular participial form probably has a representative function here. The psalmist envisions the typical hater of peace who represents the entire category of such individuals.