Psalms 19:3

19:3 There is no actual speech or word,

nor is its ¹  voice literally heard.

Psalms 29:8

29:8 The Lord’s shout shakes ²  the wilderness,

the Lord shakes the wilderness of Kadesh. ³ 

Psalms 44:16

44:16 before the vindictive enemy

who ridicules and insults me. ⁴ 

Psalms 47:5

47:5 God has ascended his throne ⁵  amid loud shouts; ⁶ 

the Lord has ascended his throne amid the blaring of ram’s horns. ⁷ 

Psalms 55:17

55:17 During the evening, morning, and noontime

I will lament and moan, ⁸ 

and he will hear ⁹  me. ¹⁰ 

Psalms 74:23

74:23 Do not disregard ¹¹  what your enemies say, ¹² 

or the unceasing shouts of those who defy you. ¹³ 

Psalms 98:6

98:6 With trumpets and the blaring of the ram’s horn,

shout out praises before the king, the Lord!

Psalms 104:7

104:7 Your shout made the waters retreat;

at the sound of your thunderous voice they hurried off –

Psalms 104:12

104:12 The birds of the sky live beside them;

they chirp among the bushes. ¹⁴ 

Psalms 116:1

Psalm 116 ¹⁵ 

116:1 I love the Lord

because he heard my plea for mercy, ¹⁶ 

[19:3]  ¹ tn Heb “their.” The antecedent of the plural pronoun is “heavens” (v. 1).

[29:8]  ² tn The Hebrew imperfect verbal forms are descriptive in function; the psalmist depicts the action as underway.

[29:8]  ³ sn Kadesh. The references to Lebanon and Sirion in v. 6 suggest this is a reference to the northern Kadesh, located north of Damascus, not the southern Kadesh mentioned so often in the OT. See M. Dahood, Psalms (AB), 1:178.

[44:16]  ³ tn Heb “from the voice of one who ridicules and insults, from the face of an enemy and an avenger.” See Ps 8:2.

[47:5]  ⁴ sn God ascended his throne. In the context of vv. 3-4, which refer to the conquest of the land under Joshua, v. 5 is best understood as referring to an historical event. When the Lord conquered the land and placed his people in it, he assumed a position of kingship, as predicted by Moses (see Exod 15:17-18, as well as Ps 114:1-2). That event is here described metaphorically in terms of a typical coronation ceremony for an earthly king (see 2 Sam 15:10; 2 Kgs 9:13). Verses 1-2, 8-9 focus on God’s continuing kingship, which extends over all nations.

[47:5]  ⁵ tn Heb “God ascended amid a shout.” The words “his throne” are supplied in the translation for clarification. The Lord’s coronation as king is described here (see v. 8). Here the perfect probably has a present perfect function, indicating a completed action with continuing effects.

[47:5]  ⁶ tn Heb “the Lord amid the sound of the ram horn.” The verb “ascended” is understood by ellipsis; see the preceding line.

[55:17]  ⁵ tn The first verb is clearly a cohortative form, expressing the psalmist’s resolve. The second verb, while formally ambiguous, should also be understood as cohortative here.

[55:17]  ⁶ tn The prefixed verb with vav (ו) consecutive normally appears in narrational contexts to indicate past action, but here it continues the anticipatory (future) perspective of the preceding line. In Ps 77:6 one finds the same sequence of cohortative + prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) consecutive. In this case as well, both forms refer to future actions.

[55:17]  ⁷ tn Heb “my voice.”

[74:23]  ⁶ tn Or “forget.”

[74:23]  ⁷ tn Heb “the voice of your enemies.”

[74:23]  ⁸ tn Heb “the roar of those who rise up against you, which ascends continually.”

[104:12]  ⁷ tn Heb “among the thick foliage they give a sound.”

[116:1]  ⁸ sn Psalm 116. The psalmist thanks the Lord for delivering him from a life threatening crisis and promises to tell the entire covenant community what God has done for him.

[116:1]  ⁹ tn Heb “I love because the Lord heard my voice, my pleas.” It is possible that “the Lord” originally appeared directly after “I love” and was later accidentally misplaced. The translation assumes the prefixed verbal form is a preterite. The psalmist recalls that God heard his cry for help (note the perfect in v. 2a and the narrative in vv. 3-4).