Discovery BoxPsalms 2:9
Context2:9 You will break them 1 with an iron scepter; 2
you will smash them like a potter’s jar!’” 3
Psalms 21:8-9
Context21:8 You 4 prevail over 5 all your enemies;
your power is too great for those who hate you. 6
21:9 You burn them up like a fiery furnace 7 when you appear; 8
the Lord angrily devours them; 9
the fire consumes them.
Psalms 65:5
Context65:5 You answer our prayers by performing awesome acts of deliverance,
O God, our savior. 10
All the ends of the earth trust in you, 11
as well as those living across the wide seas. 12
Psalms 110:5-6
Context110:5 O sovereign Lord, 13 at your right hand
he strikes down 14 kings in the day he unleashes his anger. 15
110:6 He executes judgment 16 against 17 the nations;
he fills the valleys with corpses; 18
he shatters their heads over the vast battlefield. 19
Isaiah 59:17-18
Context59:17 He wears his desire for justice 20 like body armor, 21
and his desire to deliver is like a helmet on his head. 22
He puts on the garments of vengeance 23
and wears zeal like a robe.
59:18 He repays them for what they have done,
dispensing angry judgment to his adversaries
and punishing his enemies. 24
He repays the coastlands. 25
Isaiah 63:1-6
Context63:1 Who is this who comes from Edom, 26
dressed in bright red, coming from Bozrah? 27
Who 28 is this one wearing royal attire, 29
who marches confidently 30 because of his great strength?
“It is I, the one who announces vindication,
and who is able to deliver!” 31
63:2 Why are your clothes red?
Why do you look like someone who has stomped on grapes in a vat? 32
63:3 “I have stomped grapes in the winepress all by myself;
no one from the nations joined me.
I stomped on them 33 in my anger;
I trampled them down in my rage.
Their juice splashed on my garments,
and stained 34 all my clothes.
63:4 For I looked forward to the day of vengeance,
and then payback time arrived. 35
63:5 I looked, but there was no one to help;
I was shocked because there was no one offering support. 36
So my right arm accomplished deliverance;
my raging anger drove me on. 37
63:6 I trampled nations in my anger,
I made them drunk 38 in my rage,
I splashed their blood on the ground.” 39
Luke 19:27
Context19:27 But as for these enemies of mine who did not want me to be their king, 40 bring them here and slaughter 41 them 42 in front of me!’”
Luke 19:2
Context19:2 Now 43 a man named Zacchaeus was there; he was a chief tax collector 44 and was rich.
Luke 1:8-9
Context1:8 Now 45 while Zechariah 46 was serving as priest before God when his division was on duty, 47 1:9 he was chosen by lot, according to the custom of the priesthood, 48 to enter 49 the holy place 50 of the Lord and burn incense.
Revelation 6:16-17
Context6:16 They 51 said to the mountains and to the rocks, “Fall on us and hide us from the face of the one who is seated on the throne and from the wrath of the Lamb, 52 6:17 because the great day of their 53 wrath has come, and who is able to withstand it?” 54
Revelation 11:18
Context11:18 The 55 nations 56 were enraged,
but 57 your wrath has come,
and the time has come for the dead to be judged,
and the time has come to give to your servants, 58
the prophets, their reward,
as well as to the saints
and to those who revere 59 your name, both small and great,
and the time has come 60 to destroy those who destroy 61 the earth.”
Revelation 19:17-21
Context19:17 Then 62 I saw one angel standing in 63 the sun, and he shouted in a loud voice to all the birds flying high in the sky: 64
“Come, gather around for the great banquet 65 of God,
19:18 to eat 66 your fill 67 of the flesh of kings,
the flesh of generals, 68
the flesh of powerful people,
the flesh of horses and those who ride them,
and the flesh of all people, both free and slave, 69
and small and great!”
19:19 Then 70 I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies assembled to do battle with the one who rode the horse and with his army. 19:20 Now 71 the beast was seized, and along with him the false prophet who had performed the signs on his behalf 72 – signs by which he deceived those who had received the mark of the beast and those who worshiped his image. Both of them were thrown alive into the lake of fire burning with sulfur. 73 19:21 The 74 others were killed by the sword that extended from the mouth of the one who rode the horse, and all the birds gorged 75 themselves with their flesh.
Revelation 20:15
Context20:15 If 76 anyone’s name 77 was not found written in the book of life, that person 78 was thrown into the lake of fire.
[2:9] 1 tc The LXX reads “you will shepherd them.” This reading, quoted in the Greek text of the NT in Rev 2:27; 12:5; 19:15, assumes a different vocalization of the consonantal Hebrew text and understands the verb as רָעָה (ra’ah, “to shepherd”) rather than רָעָע (ra’a’, “to break”). But the presence of נָפַץ (nafats, “to smash”) in the next line strongly favors the MT vocalization.
[2:9] 2 tn The Hebrew term שֵׁבֶט (shevet) can refer to a “staff” or “rod,” but here it probably refers to the Davidic king’s royal scepter, symbolizing his sovereignty.
[2:9] 3 sn Like a potter’s jar. Before the Davidic king’s awesome power, the rebellious nations are like fragile pottery.
[21:8] 4 tn The king is now addressed. One could argue that the
[21:8] 5 tn Heb “your hand finds.” The idiom pictures the king grabbing hold of his enemies and defeating them (see 1 Sam 23:17). The imperfect verbal forms in vv. 8-12 may be translated with the future tense, as long as the future is understood as generalizing.
[21:8] 6 tn Heb “your right hand finds those who hate you.”
[21:9] 7 tn Heb “you make them like a furnace of fire.” Although many modern translations retain the literal Hebrew, the statement is elliptical. The point is not that he makes them like a furnace, but like an object burned in a furnace (cf. NEB, “at your coming you shall plunge them into a fiery furnace”).
[21:9] 8 tn Heb “at the time of your face.” The “face” of the king here refers to his angry presence. See Lam 4:16.
[21:9] 9 tn Heb “the
[65:5] 10 tn Heb “[with] awesome acts in deliverance you answer us, O God of our salvation.”
[65:5] 11 tn Heb “a source of confidence [for] all the ends of the earth.”
[65:5] 12 tc Heb “and [the] distant sea.” The plural adjective is problematic after the singular form “sea.” One could emend יָם (yam, “sea”) to יָמִים (yamim, “seas”), or emend the plural form רְחֹקִים (rÿkhoqim, “far”) to the singular רָחֹק (rakhoq). In this case the final mem (ם) could be treated as dittographic; note the mem on the beginning of the first word in v. 6.
[110:5] 13 tn As pointed in the Hebrew text, this title refers to God (many medieval Hebrew
[110:5] 14 tn The perfect verbal forms in vv. 5-6 are understood here as descriptive-dramatic or as generalizing. Another option is to take them as rhetorical. In this case the psalmist describes anticipated events as if they had already taken place.
[110:5] 15 tn Heb “in the day of his anger.”
[110:6] 16 tn The imperfect verbal forms in vv. 6-7 are understood here as descriptive-dramatic or as generalizing, though they could be taken as future.
[110:6] 18 tn Heb “he fills [with] corpses,” but one expects a double accusative here. The translation assumes an emendation to גְוִיּוֹת גֵאָיוֹת(בִּ) מִלֵּא or מִלֵּא גֵאָיוֹת גְּוִיוֹת (for a similar construction see Ezek 32:5). In the former case גֵאָיוֹת(ge’ayot) has accidentally dropped from the text due to homoioteleuton; in the latter case it has dropped out due to homoioarcton.
[110:6] 19 tn Heb “he strikes [the verb is מָחַץ (makhats), translated “strikes down” in v. 5] head[s] over a great land.” The Hebrew term רַבָּה (rabbah, “great”) is here used of distance or spatial measurement (see 1 Sam 26:13).
[59:17] 19 tn Or “righteousness” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); NCV “goodness.”
[59:17] 20 tn Or “a breastplate” (traditional; so many English versions); TEV “a coat of armour.”
[59:17] 21 tn Heb “and [as] a helmet deliverance on his head.”
[59:17] 22 tn Heb “and he puts on the clothes of vengeance [as] a garment.”
[59:18] 22 tn Heb “in accordance with deeds, so he repays, anger to his adversaries, repayment to his enemies.”
[59:18] 23 tn Or “islands” (KJV, NIV).
[63:1] 25 sn Edom is here an archetype for the Lord’s enemies. See 34:5.
[63:1] 26 tn Heb “[in] bright red garments, from Bozrah.”
[63:1] 27 tn The interrogative particle is understood by ellipsis; note the first line of the verse.
[63:1] 28 tn Heb “honored in his clothing”; KJV, ASV “glorious in his apparel.”
[63:1] 29 tc The Hebrew text has צָעָה (tsa’ah), which means “stoop, bend” (51:14). The translation assumes an emendation to צָעַד (tsa’ad, “march”; see BDB 858 s.v. צָעָה).
[63:1] 30 tn Heb “I, [the one] speaking in vindication [or “righteousness”], great to deliver.”
[63:2] 28 tn Heb “and your garments like one who treads in a vat?”
[63:3] 31 sn Nations, headed by Edom, are the object of the Lord’s anger (see v. 6). He compares military slaughter to stomping on grapes in a vat.
[63:3] 32 tn Heb “and I stained.” For discussion of the difficult verb form, see HALOT 170 s.v. II גאל. Perhaps the form is mixed, combining the first person forms of the imperfect (note the alef prefix) and perfect (note the תי- ending).
[63:4] 34 tn Heb “for the day of vengeance was in my heart, and the year of my revenge came.” The term גְּאוּלַי (gÿ’ulai) is sometimes translated here “my redemption,” for the verbal root גאל often means “deliver, buy back.” A גֹּאֵל (go’el, “kinsman-redeemer”) was responsible for protecting the extended family’s interests, often by redeeming property that had been sold outside the family. However, the responsibilities of a גֹּאֵל extended beyond financial concerns. He was also responsible for avenging the shed blood of a family member (see Num 35:19-27; Deut 19:6-12). In Isa 63:4, where vengeance is a prominent theme (note the previous line), it is probably this function of the family protector that is in view. The Lord pictures himself as a blood avenger who waits for the day of vengeance to arrive and then springs into action.
[63:5] 37 sn See Isa 59:16 for similar language.
[63:5] 38 tn Heb “and my anger, it supported me”; NIV “my own wrath sustained me.”
[63:6] 40 sn See Isa 49:26 and 51:23 for similar imagery.
[63:6] 41 tn Heb “and I brought down to the ground their juice.” “Juice” refers to their blood (see v. 3).
[19:27] 43 tn Grk “to rule over them.”
[19:27] 44 tn This term, when used of people rather than animals, has some connotations of violence and mercilessness (L&N 20.72).
[19:27] 45 sn Slaughter them. To reject the king is to face certain judgment from him.
[19:2] 46 tn Grk “And behold.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of a new character. The Greek word ἰδού (idou) at the beginning of this statement has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).
[19:2] 47 sn This is the one place in the NT the office of chief tax collector is noted. He would organize the other tax collectors and collect healthy commissions (see also the note on the word tax collector in 3:12).
[1:8] 49 tn Grk “Now it happened that.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
[1:8] 50 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Zechariah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[1:8] 51 tn Grk “serving as priest in the order of his division before God.”
[1:9] 52 tn Grk “according to the custom of the priesthood it fell to him by lot.” The order of the clauses has been rearranged in the translation to make it clear that the prepositional phrase κατὰ τὸ ἔθος τῆς ἱερατείας (kata to eqo" th" Jierateia", “according to the custom of the priesthood”) modifies the phrase “it fell to him by lot” rather than the preceding clause.
[1:9] 53 tn This is an aorist participle and is temporally related to the offering of incense, not to when the lot fell.
[1:9] 54 tn Or “temple.” Such sacrifices, which included the burning of incense, would have occurred in the holy place according to the Mishnah (m. Tamid 1.2; 3.1; 5-7). A priest would have given this sacrifice, which was offered for the nation, once in one’s career. It would be offered either at 9 a.m. or 3 p.m., since it was made twice a day.
[6:16] 55 tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[6:16] 56 tn It is difficult to say where this quotation ends. The translation ends it after “withstand it” at the end of v. 17, but it is possible that it should end here, after “Lamb” at the end of v. 16. If it ends after “Lamb,” v. 17 is a parenthetical explanation by the author.
[6:17] 58 tc Most
[6:17] 59 tn The translation “to withstand (it)” for ἵστημι (Jisthmi) is based on the imagery of holding one’s ground in a military campaign or an attack (BDAG 482 s.v. B.4).
[11:18] 61 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[11:18] 62 tn Or “The Gentiles” (the same Greek word may be translated “Gentiles” or “nations”).
[11:18] 63 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “but” to indicate the contrast present in this context.
[11:18] 64 tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.
[11:18] 66 tn The words “the time has come” do not occur except at the beginning of the verse; the phrase has been repeated for emphasis and contrast. The Greek has one finite verb (“has come”) with a compound subject (“your wrath,” “the time”), followed by three infinitive clauses (“to be judged,” “to give,” “to destroy”). The rhetorical power of the repetition of the finite verb in English thus emulates the rhetorical power of its lone instance in Greek.
[11:18] 67 tn Or “who deprave.” There is a possible wordplay here on two meanings for διαφθείρω (diafqeirw), with the first meaning “destroy” and the second meaning either “to ruin” or “to make morally corrupt.” See L&N 20.40.
[19:17] 64 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
[19:17] 65 tn The precise significance of ἐν (en) here is difficult to determine.
[19:17] 66 tn On μεσουρανήματι (mesouranhmati) here see L&N 1.10: “high in the sky, midpoint in the sky, directly overhead, straight above in the sky.” The birds mentioned here are carrion birds like vultures, circling high overhead, and now being summoned to feast on the corpses.
[19:17] 67 tn This is the same Greek word (δεῖπνον, deipnon) used in 19:9.
[19:18] 67 tn The ἵνα (Jina) clause, insofar as it is related to the first imperative, has the force of an imperative.
[19:18] 68 tn The idea of eating “your fill” is evident in the context with the use of χορτάζω (cortazw) in v. 21.
[19:18] 69 tn Grk “chiliarchs”; normally a chiliarch was a military officer commanding a thousand soldiers, but here probably used of higher-ranking commanders like generals (see L&N 55.15; cf. Rev 6:15).
[19:18] 70 tn See the note on the word “servants” in 1:1.
[19:19] 70 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.
[19:20] 73 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the introduction of an unexpected development in the account: The opposing armies do not come together in battle; rather the leader of one side is captured.
[19:20] 74 tn For this meaning see BDAG 342 s.v. ἐνώπιον 4.b, “by the authority of, on behalf of Rv 13:12, 14; 19:20.”
[19:20] 75 tn Traditionally, “brimstone.”
[19:21] 76 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[19:21] 77 tn On the translation of ἐχορτάσθησαν (ecortasqhsan) BDAG 1087 s.v. χορτάζω 1.a states, “of animals, pass. in act. sense πάντα τὰ ὄρνεα ἐχορτάσθησαν ἐκ τῶν σαρκῶν αὐτῶν all the birds gorged themselves with their flesh Rv 19:21 (cp. TestJud. 21:8).”
[20:15] 79 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[20:15] 80 tn The word “name” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.
[20:15] 81 tn Grk “he”; the pronoun has been intensified by translating as “that person.”
