Psalms 21:5

21:5 Your deliverance brings him great honor; ¹ 

you give him majestic splendor. ² 

Psalms 37:5

37:5 Commit your future to the Lord! ³ 

Trust in him, and he will act on your behalf. ⁴ 

Psalms 89:45

89:45 You have cut short his youth, ⁵ 

and have covered him with shame. (Selah)

Psalms 109:6

109:6 ⁶ Appoint an evil man to testify against him! ⁷ 

May an accuser stand ⁸  at his right side!

[21:5]  ¹ tn Or “great glory.”

[21:5]  ² tn Heb “majesty and splendor you place upon him.” For other uses of the phrase הוֹד וְהָדָר (hod vÿhadar, “majesty and splendor”) see 1 Chr 16:27; Job 40:10; Pss 96:6; 104:1; 111:3.

[37:5]  ³ tn Heb “roll your way upon the Lord.” The noun “way” may refer here to one’s activities or course of life.

[37:5]  ⁴ tn Heb “he will act.” Verse 6 explains what is meant; the Lord will vindicate those who trust in him.

[89:45]  ⁵ tn Heb “the days of his youth” (see as well Job 33:25).

[109:6]  ⁷ sn In vv. 6-19 the psalmist calls on God to judge his enemies severely. Some attribute this curse-list to the psalmist’s enemies rather than the psalmist. In this case one should paraphrase v. 6: “They say about me, ‘Appoint an evil man, etc.’” Those supporting this line of interpretation point out that vv. 2-5 and 20 refer to the enemies’ attack on the psalmist being a verbal one. Furthermore in vv. 1-5, 20 the psalmist speaks of his enemies in the plural, while vv. 6-19 refer to an individual. This use of the singular in vv. 6-19 could be readily explained if this is the psalmist’s enemies’ curse on him. However, it is much more natural to understand vv. 6-19 as the psalmist’s prayer against his enemies. There is no introductory quotation formula in v. 6 to indicate that the psalmist is quoting anyone, and the statement “may the Lord repay my accusers in this way” in v. 20 most naturally appears to be a fitting conclusion to the prayer in vv. 6-19. But what about the use of the singular in vv. 6-19? Often in the psalms the psalmist will describe his enemies as a group, but then speak of them as an individual as well, as if viewing his adversaries collectively as one powerful foe. See, for example, Ps 7, where the psalmist uses both the plural (vv. 1, 6) and the singular (vv. 2, 4-5) in referring to enemies. Perhaps by using the singular in such cases, the psalmist wants to single out each enemy for individual attention, or perhaps he has one especially hostile enemy in mind who epitomizes the opposition of the whole group. This may well be the case in Ps 109. Perhaps we should understand the singular throughout vv. 6-19 in the sense of “each and every one.” For a lengthy and well-reasoned defense of the opposite view – that vv. 6-19 are a quotation of what the enemies said about the psalmist – see L. C. Allen, Psalms 101-150 (WBC), 72-73.

[109:6]  ⁸ tn Heb “appoint against him an evil [man].”

[109:6]  ⁹ tn The prefixed verbal form is taken as a jussive here (note the imperative in the preceding line).