Psalms 4:7

4:7 You make me happier ¹ 

than those who have abundant grain and wine. ² 

Psalms 25:19

25:19 Watch my enemies, for they outnumber me;

they hate me and want to harm me. ³ 

Psalms 38:19

38:19 But those who are my enemies for no reason are numerous; ⁴ 

those who hate me without cause outnumber me. ⁵ 

[4:7]  ¹ tn Heb “you place joy in my heart.” Another option is to understand the perfect verbal form as indicating certitude, “you will make me happier.”

[4:7]  ² tn Heb “from (i.e., more than) the time (when) their grain and their wine are abundant.”

[25:19]  ³ tn Heb “see my enemies for they are numerous, and [with] violent hatred they hate me.”

[38:19]  ⁵ tn Heb “and my enemies, life, are many.” The noun חַיִּים (khayyim, “life”) fits very awkwardly here. The translation assumes an emendation to חִנָּם (khinam, “without reason”; note the parallelism with שֶׁקֶר [sheqer, “falsely”] and see Pss 35:19; 69:4; Lam 3:52). The verb עָצַם (’atsam) can sometimes mean “are strong,” but here it probably focuses on numerical superiority (note the parallel verb רָבַב, ravav, “be many”).

[38:19]  ⁶ tn Heb “are many.”