Psalms 4:1

Psalm 4 ¹ 

For the music director, to be accompanied by stringed instruments; a psalm of David.

4:1 When I call out, answer me,

O God who vindicates me! ² 

Though I am hemmed in, you will lead me into a wide, open place. ³ 

Have mercy on me ⁴  and respond to ⁵  my prayer!

Psalms 25:1-22

Psalm 25 ⁶ 

By David.

25:1 O Lord, I come before you in prayer. ⁷ 

25:2 My God, I trust in you.

Please do not let me be humiliated;

do not let my enemies triumphantly rejoice over me!

25:3 Certainly none who rely on you will be humiliated.

Those who deal in treachery will be thwarted ⁸  and humiliated.

25:4 Make me understand your ways, O Lord!

Teach me your paths! ⁹ 

25:5 Guide me into your truth ¹⁰  and teach me.

For you are the God who delivers me;

on you I rely all day long.

25:6 Remember ¹¹  your compassionate and faithful deeds, O Lord,

for you have always acted in this manner. ¹² 

25:7 Do not hold against me ¹³  the sins of my youth ¹⁴  or my rebellious acts!

Because you are faithful to me, extend to me your favor, O Lord! ¹⁵ 

25:8 The Lord is both kind and fair; ¹⁶ 

that is why he teaches sinners the right way to live. ¹⁷ 

25:9 May he show ¹⁸  the humble what is right! ¹⁹ 

May he teach ²⁰  the humble his way!

25:10 The Lord always proves faithful and reliable ²¹ 

to those who follow the demands of his covenant. ²² 

25:11 For the sake of your reputation, ²³  O Lord,

forgive my sin, because it is great. ²⁴ 

25:12 The Lord shows his faithful followers

the way they should live. ²⁵ 

25:13 They experience his favor; ²⁶ 

their descendants ²⁷  inherit the land. ²⁸ 

25:14 The Lord’s loyal followers receive his guidance, ²⁹ 

and he reveals his covenantal demands to them. ³⁰ 

25:15 I continually look to the Lord for help, ³¹ 

for he will free my feet from the enemy’s net. ³² 

25:16 Turn toward me and have mercy on me,

for I am alone ³³  and oppressed!

25:17 Deliver me from my distress; ³⁴ 

rescue me from my suffering! ³⁵ 

25:18 See my pain and suffering!

Forgive all my sins! ³⁶ 

25:19 Watch my enemies, for they outnumber me;

they hate me and want to harm me. ³⁷ 

25:20 Protect me ³⁸  and deliver me!

Please do not let me be humiliated,

for I have taken shelter in you!

25:21 May integrity and godliness protect me,

for I rely on you!

25:22 O God, rescue ³⁹  Israel

from all their distress! ⁴⁰ 

[4:1]  ¹ sn Psalm 4. The psalmist asks God to hear his prayer, expresses his confidence that the Lord will intervene, and urges his enemies to change their ways and place their trust in God. He concludes with another prayer for divine intervention and again affirms his absolute confidence in God’s protection.

[4:1]  ² tn Heb “God of my righteousness.”

[4:1]  ³ tn Heb “in distress (or “a narrow place”) you make (a place) large for me.” The function of the Hebrew perfect verbal form here is uncertain. The translation above assumes that the psalmist is expressing his certitude and confidence that God will intervene. The psalmist is so confident of God’s positive response to his prayer, he can describe God’s deliverance as if it had already happened. Such confidence is consistent with the mood of the psalm (vv. 3, 8). Another option is to take the perfects as precative, expressing a wish or request (“lead me”). See IBHS 494-95 §30.5.4c, d. However, not all grammarians are convinced that the perfect is used as a precative in biblical Hebrew.

[4:1]  ⁴ tn Or “show me favor.”

[4:1]  ⁵ tn Heb “hear.”

[25:1]  ⁶ sn Psalm 25. The psalmist asks for divine protection, guidance and forgiveness as he affirms his loyalty to and trust in the Lord. This psalm is an acrostic; every verse begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet, except for v. 18, which, like v. 19, begins with ר (resh) instead of the expected ק (qof). The final verse, which begins with פ (pe), stands outside the acrostic scheme.

[25:1]  ⁷ tn Heb “to you, O Lord, my life I lift up.” To “lift up” one’s “life” to the Lord means to express one’s trust in him through prayer. See Pss 86:4; 143:8.

[25:3]  ¹¹ tn Heb “those who deal in treachery in vain.” The adverb רֵיקָם (reqam, “in vain”) probably refers to the failure (or futility) of their efforts. Another option is to understand it as meaning “without cause” (cf. NIV “without excuse”; NRSV “wantonly treacherous”).

[25:4]  ¹⁶ sn Teach me your paths. In this context the Lord’s “ways” and “paths” refer to the moral principles which the Lord prescribes for his followers. See vv. 8-10.

[25:5]  ²¹ sn The Lord’s commandments are referred to as truth here because they are a trustworthy and accurate expression of the divine will.

[25:6]  ²⁶ tn That is, “remember” with the intention of repeating.

[25:6]  ²⁷ tn Heb “for from antiquity [are] they.”

[25:7]  ³¹ tn Heb “do not remember,” with the intention of punishing.

[25:7]  ³² sn That is, the sins characteristic of youths, who lack moral discretion and wisdom.

[25:7]  ³³ tn Heb “according to your faithfulness, remember me, you, for the sake of your goodness, O Lord.”

[25:8]  ³⁶ tn Heb “good and just.”

[25:8]  ³⁷ tn Heb “teaches sinners in the way.”

[25:9]  ⁴¹ tn The prefixed verbal form is jussive; the psalmist expresses his prayer.

[25:9]  ⁴² tn Heb “may he guide the humble into justice.” The Hebrew term עֲנָוִים (’anavim, “humble”) usually refers to the oppressed, but in this context, where the psalmist confesses his sin and asks for moral guidance, it apparently refers to sinners who humble themselves before God and seek deliverance from their sinful condition.

[25:9]  ⁴³ tn The prefixed verbal form is interpreted as a jussive (it stands parallel to the jussive form, “may he guide”).

[25:10]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “all the paths of the Lord are faithful and trustworthy.” The Lord’s “paths” refer here to his characteristic actions.

[25:10]  ⁴⁷ tn Heb “to the ones who keep his covenant and his testimonies.”

[25:11]  ⁵¹ tn Heb “name.” By forgiving the sinful psalmist, the Lord’s reputation as a merciful God will be enhanced.

[25:11]  ⁵² sn Forgive my sin, because it is great. The psalmist readily admits his desperate need for forgiveness.

[25:12]  ⁵⁶ tn Heb “Who is this man, the one who fears the Lord? He will instruct him in the way he should choose.” The singular (note “man”) is representative here (see v. 14, where the plural is used), and has thus been translated as a plural (“followers…they”).

[25:13]  ⁶¹ tn Heb “his life in goodness dwells.” The singular is representative (see v. 14).

[25:13]  ⁶² tn Or “offspring”; Heb “seed.”

[25:13]  ⁶³ tn Or “earth.”

[25:14]  ⁶⁶ tn Heb “the advice of the Lord belongs to those who fear him.”

[25:14]  ⁶⁷ tn Heb “and his covenant, to make them know.”

[25:15]  ⁷¹ tn Heb “my eyes continually [are] toward the Lord.”

[25:15]  ⁷² tn Heb “for he will bring out from a net my feet.” The hostility of the psalmist’s enemies is probably in view (see v. 19).

[25:16]  ⁷⁶ tn That is, helpless and vulnerable.

[25:17]  ⁸¹ tc Heb “the distresses of my heart, they make wide.” The text makes little if any sense as it stands, unless this is an otherwise unattested intransitive use of the Hiphil of רָחַב (rakhav, “be wide”). It is preferable to emend the form הִרְחִיבוּ (hirkhivu; Hiphil perfect third plural “they make wide”) to הַרְחֵיב (harkhev; Hiphil imperative masculine singular “make wide”). (The final vav [ו] can be joined to the following word and taken as a conjunction.) In this case one can translate, “[in/from] the distresses of my heart, make wide [a place for me],” that is, “deliver me from the distress I am experiencing.” For the expression “make wide [a place for me],” see Ps 4:1.

[25:17]  ⁸² tn Heb “from my distresses lead me out.”

[25:18]  ⁸⁶ tn Heb “lift up all my sins.”

[25:19]  ⁹¹ tn Heb “see my enemies for they are numerous, and [with] violent hatred they hate me.”

[25:20]  ⁹⁶ tn Or “my life.”

[25:22]  ¹⁰¹ tn Or “redeem.”

[25:22]  ¹⁰² tn Heb “his distresses.”