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Psalms 50:3

Context

50:3 Our God approaches and is not silent; 1 

consuming fire goes ahead of him

and all around him a storm rages. 2 

Psalms 144:5

Context

144:5 O Lord, make the sky sink 3  and come down! 4 

Touch the mountains and make them smolder! 5 

Exodus 19:18

Context
19:18 Now Mount Sinai was completely covered with smoke because the Lord had descended on it in fire, and its smoke went up like the smoke of a great furnace, 6  and the whole mountain shook 7  violently.

Isaiah 64:1-2

Context

64:1 (63:19b) 8  If only you would tear apart the sky 9  and come down!

The mountains would tremble 10  before you!

64:2 (64:1) As when fire ignites dry wood,

or fire makes water boil,

let your adversaries know who you are, 11 

and may the nations shake at your presence!

Revelation 19:3

Context

19:3 Then 12  a second time the crowd shouted, “Hallelujah!” The smoke rises from her forever and ever. 13 

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[50:3]  1 tn According to GKC 322 §109.e, the jussive (note the negative particle אַל, ’al) is used rhetorically here “to express the conviction that something cannot or should not happen.”

[50:3]  2 tn Heb “fire before him devours, and around him it is very stormy.”

[144:5]  3 tn The Hebrew verb נָטָה (natah) can carry the sense “to [cause to] bend; to [cause to] bow down.” For example, Gen 49:15 pictures Issachar as a donkey that “bends” its shoulder or back under a burden. Here the Lord causes the sky, pictured as a dome or vault, to sink down as he descends in the storm. See Ps 18:9.

[144:5]  4 tn Heb “so you might come down.” The prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose after the preceding imperative. The same type of construction is utilized in v. 6.

[144:5]  5 tn Heb “so they might smolder.” The prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose after the preceding imperative.

[19:18]  6 sn The image is that of a large kiln, as in Gen 19:28.

[19:18]  7 tn This is the same word translated “trembled” above (v. 16).

[64:1]  8 sn In BHS the chapter division occurs in a different place from the English Bible: 64:1 ET (63:19b HT) and 64:2-12 (64:1-11 HT). Beginning with 65:1 the verse numbers in the English Bible and the Hebrew Bible are again the same.

[64:1]  9 tn Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

[64:1]  10 tn Or “quake.” נָזֹלּוּ (nazollu) is from the verbal root זָלַל (zalal, “quake”; see HALOT 272 s.v. II זלל). Perhaps there is a verbal allusion to Judg 5:5, the only other passage where this verb occurs. In that passage the poet tells how the Lord’s appearance to do battle caused the mountains to shake.

[64:2]  11 tn Heb “to make known your name to your adversaries.” Perhaps the infinitive construct with preposition -לְ (lamed) should be construed with “come down” in v. 1a, or subordinated to the following line: “To make known your name to your adversaries, let the nations shake from before you.”

[19:3]  12 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence within the narrative.

[19:3]  13 tn Or “her smoke ascends forever and ever.”



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