Psalms 57:1

Psalm 57 ¹ 

For the music director; according to the al-tashcheth style; ²  a prayer ³  of David, written when he fled from Saul into the cave. ⁴ 

57:1 Have mercy on me, O God! Have mercy on me!

For in you I have taken shelter. ⁵ 

In the shadow of your wings ⁶  I take shelter

until trouble passes.

Psalms 59:1

Psalm 59 ⁷ 

For the music director; according to the al-tashcheth style; ⁸  a prayer ⁹  of David, written when Saul sent men to surround his house and murder him. ¹⁰ 

59:1 Deliver me from my enemies, my God!

Protect me ¹¹  from those who attack me! ¹² 

Psalms 60:1

Psalm 60 ¹³ 

For the music director; according to the shushan-eduth style; ¹⁴  a prayer ¹⁵  of David written to instruct others. ¹⁶  It was written when he fought against Aram Naharaim and Aram-Zobah. That was when Joab turned back and struck down ¹⁷  12,000 Edomites ¹⁸  in the Valley of Salt. ¹⁹ 

60:1 O God, you have rejected us. ²⁰ 

You suddenly turned on us in your anger. ²¹ 

Please restore us! ²² 

[57:1]  ¹ sn Psalm 57. The psalmist asks for God’s protection and expresses his confidence that his ferocious enemies will be destroyed by their own schemes.

[57:1]  ² tn Heb “do not destroy.” Perhaps this refers to a particular style of music, a tune title, or a musical instrument. These words also appear in the heading to Pss 58-59, 75.

[57:1]  ³ tn The precise meaning of the Hebrew word מִכְתָּם (miktam), which also appears in the heading to Pss 16, 56, 58-60 is uncertain. HALOT 582-83 s.v. defines it as “inscription.”

[57:1]  ⁴ sn According to the superscription, David wrote this psalm on the occasion when he fled from Saul and hid in “the cave.” This probably refers to either the incident recorded in 1 Sam 22:1 or to the one recorded in 1 Sam 24:3.

[57:1]  ⁵ tn Heb “my life has taken shelter.” The Hebrew perfect verbal form probably refers here to a completed action with continuing results.

[57:1]  ⁶ sn In the shadow of your wings. The metaphor likens God to a protective mother bird (see also Pss 17:8; 36:7).

[59:1]  ⁷ sn Psalm 59. The psalmist calls down judgment on his foreign enemies, whom he compares to ravenous wild dogs.

[59:1]  ⁸ tn Heb “do not destroy.” Perhaps this refers to a particular style of music, a tune title, or a musical instrument. These words also appear in the superscription to Pss 57-58, 75.

[59:1]  ⁹ tn The precise meaning of the Hebrew word מִכְתָּם (miktam), which also appears in the heading to Pss 16, 56-58, 60 is uncertain. HALOT 582-83 s.v. defines it as “inscription.”

[59:1]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “when Saul sent and they watched his house in order to kill him.”

[59:1]  ¹¹ tn Or “make me secure”; Heb “set me on high.”

[59:1]  ¹² tn Heb “from those who raise themselves up [against] me.”

[60:1]  ¹³ sn Psalm 60. The psalmist grieves over Israel’s humiliation, but in response to God’s assuring word, he asks for divine help in battle and expresses his confidence in victory.

[60:1]  ¹⁴ tn The Hebrew expression means “lily of the testimony.” It may refer to a particular music style or to a tune title.

[60:1]  ¹⁵ tn The precise meaning of the Hebrew word מִכְתָּם (miktam), which also appears in the heading to Pss 16, 56-59, is uncertain. HALOT 582-83 s.v. defines it as “inscription.”

[60:1]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “to teach.”

[60:1]  ¹⁷ tn In Josh 8:21 and Judg 20:48 the two verbs “turn back” and “strike down” are also juxtaposed. There they refer to a military counter-attack.

[60:1]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “12,000 of Edom.” Perhaps one should read אֲרַם (’aram, “Aram”) here rather than אֱדוֹם (’edom, “Edom”).

[60:1]  ¹⁹ sn The heading apparently refers to the military campaign recorded in 2 Sam 10 and 1 Chr 19.

[60:1]  ²⁰ sn You have rejected us. See Pss 43:2; 44:9, 23.

[60:1]  ²¹ tn Heb “you broke out upon us, you were angry.”

[60:1]  ²² tn The imperfect verbal form here expresses the psalmist’s wish or prayer.